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Elevation transition of aquatic insects closely matches a thermal feature in the Yungas of Northwestern Argentina

Journal of Mountain science 2024年第2期21卷 433-448页

作者： Alexandra BUITRAGO-GUACANAME Carlos MOLINERI Andrés LIRA-NORIEGA Daniel Andrés DOs sANTOs Neotropical Biodiversity Institute(CONICET-UNT) UNT-DomesHorco Molle S/N4107 TucumánArgentina CONACYT Research Fellow Network of Advanced Molecular StudiesInstitute of Ecology A.COld Road to Coatepec 351El HayaCP 91073XalapaVeracruzMexico Biostatistics Chair Faculty of Natural Sciences and IMLNational University of TucumánSan Miguel de TucumánMiguel Lillo 2054000 TucumánArgentina

Temperature is a key factor that shapes the distribution of *** knowledge about how species respond to temperature is relevant to devise strategies for addressing the impacts of climate *** insects are particularly vulnerable to climate change,yet there is still much to learn about their ecology and *** the Yungas ecoregion of Northwestern Argentina,cold-and warm-adapted species of the orders Ephemeroptera,Plecoptera,and Trichoptera(EPT)are segregated by *** modeled the ecological niche of south American EPT species in this region using available data and projected their potential distribution in geographic *** were grouped based on their ecogeographic similarity,and we analyzed their replacement pattern along elevation gradients,focusing on the ecotone where opposing thermal preferences *** this interface,we identified critical points where the combined incidence of cold and warm assemblages maximizes,indicating a significant transition *** found that the Montane Cloud Forest holds the interface,with a particularly greater suitability at its lower *** main axis of the interface runs in a N-s direction and falls between 14°C-16°C mean annual *** probability of a particular location within a basin being classified as part of the interface increases as Kira’s warmth index approaches a score around *** the interface is critical for defining the thermal limits of species distribution and designing biomonitoring *** in the location of thermal constants related to mountainous ecotones may cause vertical displacement of aquatic insects and vegetation *** have recognized significant temperature thresholds that serve as indicators of suitability for the *** global warming is anticipated to shift these indicators,we suggest using them to monitor the imprints of climate change on mountain ecosystems.

关键词： Austral Yungas Ecological Niche Model Ephemeroptera Kira’s warmth index Plecoptera Trichoptera

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Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for recompensating decompensated cirrhosis?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第20期30卷 2621-2623页

作者： Dimitrios s Karagiannakis Academic Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of AthensGeneral Hospital of Athens“Laiko”Athens 11527Greece

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPs)is a medical procedure that has been used to manage variceal bleeding and ascites in patients with *** can prevent further decompensation and improve the survival of high-risk decompensated *** research indicates that TIPs could increase the possibility of recompensation of decompensated cirrhosis when it is combined with adequate suppression of the causative factor of liver ***,the results of the studies have been based on retrospective analysis,and further validation is required by conducting randomized controlled *** this context,we highlight the limitations of the current studies and emphasize the issues that must be addressed before TIPs can be recommended as a potential recompensating tool.

关键词： Decompensated cirrhosis Liver recompensation Baveno VII Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

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Parametric investigation on the novel and cost-effective nano fly ash impregnated geopolymer system for sustainable construction

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Frontiers of structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 170-183页

作者： R.MOHANA s.M.Leela BHARATHI Department of Civil Engineering Mepco Schlenk Engineering CollegeSivakasi 626123India

The hazardous environmental effects of greenhouse gas emissions and climate change demand alternative sources for cementitious materials in the construction *** development of geopolymer structures provides a way of producing 100%cement-free *** this research work,a novel and simple way of deriving nano particles from waste fly ash particles is *** effect of adding the synthesized nano fly ash particles as a filler medium in geopolymer mortars was investigated by considering strength and durability *** optimization was done by using regression analysis on the geopolymer mortar and the impact of adding nano fly ash particles was studied by varying different percentages of addition ranging from 0 to 7.5%by weight of binder *** the results,it was observed that 1%nano fly ash acted not only as a filler but also as nano-sized precursors of the polymerization process,resulting in denser geopolymer *** can explain the extraordinary gain in strength of 72.11 MPa as well as the denser core with negligible level of chloride ion penetration,making the material suitable for the development of structures susceptible to marine environment.

关键词： geopolymer nano fly ash chloride ion penetration durability polymerization fillers

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Nonstationary laser-supported ionization wave in layer of porous substance with subcritical density

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第1期9卷 58-70页

作者： s.Yu Gus’kov R.A.Yakhin P.N.Lebedev Physical Institute of Russian Academy of sciences Leninskii Prospect 53Moscow 119991Russia

A time-dependent analytical solution is found for the velocity of a plane ionization wave generated under nanosecond laser pulse action on the surface of a flat layer of low-Z porous substance with density less than the critical density of the produced *** corrections for the two-dimensional nature of the problem when a laser beam of finite radius interacts with a flat target,this solution is in quantitative agreement with measurements of ionization wave velocity in various *** solution compared with experimental data covering wide ranges of performance conditions,namely,(3-8)×10^(14)W cm^(−2)for laser pulse intensity,0.3-3 ns for pulse duration,0.35-0.53μm for laser wavelength,100-1000μm for laser beam radius,380-950μm for layer thickness,4.5-12 mg cm^(−3)for average density of porous substance,and 1-25μm for average pore *** parameters of the laser beam that ensure the generation of a plane ionization wave in a layer of subcritical porous matter are determined for the problem statements and are found to meet the requirements of practical applications.

关键词： laser pulse porous

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4He monolayer on graphene: a quantum Monte Carlo study

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第9期76卷 151-159页

作者： s Yu M Boninsegni Department of Physics University of Alberta

We revisit the problem of adsorption of a single4He layer on graphene, focusing on the commensurate(C1/3) crystalline phase, specifically on whether it may possess a nonzero superfluid response, and on the existence of superfluid phases, either（metastable） liquid or vacancy-doped crystalline. We make use of canonical quantum Monte Carlo simulations at zero and finite temperature, based on a realistic microscopic model of the system. Our results confirm the absence of any superfluid response in the commensurate crystal, and that no thermodynamically stable uniform phase exists at lower coverage. No evidence of a possibly long-lived, metastable superfluid phase at C1/3coverage is found. Altogether, the results of ground-state projection methods and finite-temperature simulations are entirely consistent.

关键词： helium low-dimensional systems quantum Monte Carlo superfluidity supersolids

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Making connections with cell surface auxin signaling

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Molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 522-524页

作者： Angus s.Murphy University of Maryland College ParkMDUSA

The discovery and characterization of the nuclear AUX-indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)-TIR1/AFB auxin co-receptor complex in the model plant Arabidopsis at the outset of the 21st century was a hallmark event in biological *** decades of subsequent discovery demonstrated the central role of the nuclear auxin perception mechanism in virtually every stage of Viridiplantae *** auxin receptors were also shown to be essential for later stages of differential hypocotyl,coleoptile,and root tropisms,but the most rapid responses were found to persist in Arabidopsis mutants lacking important components of the receptor mechanism(Napier,2021;Peer and Murphy,2022).In particular,rapid cellular elongation observed in tropic growth or after experimental application of auxin is mediated by H+extrusion across the plasma membrane(PM).The resulting apoplastic acidification activates extensin proteins that loosen cell walls to allow for turgor-driven cellular *** initial events occur in a time frame that precludes nuclear signaling and now can be clearly attributed to a cell surface auxin co-receptor complex and downstream signaling intermediaries.

关键词： Arabidopsis surface walls

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Magneto-Photo-Thermoelastic Excitation Rotating semiconductor Medium Based on Moisture Diffusivity

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第10期141卷 107-126页

作者： Khaled Lotfy A.M.s.Mahdy Alaa A.El-Bary E.s.Elidy Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceZagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceTaibah UniversityMadinah42353Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics and statistics College of ScienceTaif UniversityTaif11099Saudi Arabia Arab Academy for science Technology and Maritime TransportAlexandria1029Egypt

In this research,we focus on the free-surface deformation of a one-dimensional elastic semiconductor medium as a function of magnetic field and moisture *** problem aims to analyze the interconnection between plasma and moisture diffusivity processes,as well as thermo-elastic *** study examines the photothermoelasticity transport process while considering the impact of moisture *** employing Laplace’s transformation technique,we derive the governing equations of the photo-thermo-elastic *** equations include the equations for carrier density,elastic waves,moisture transport,heat conduction,and constitutive *** stresses,thermal conditions,and plasma boundary conditions are used to calculate the fundamental physical parameters in the Laplace *** employing numerical techniques,the Laplace transform is inverted to get complete time-domain solutions for the primary physical domains under ***,thermoelastic,and thermoelectric characteristics are employed in conjunction with a graphical analysis that takes into consideration the effects of applied forces on displacement,moisture concentration,carrier density,stress due to forces,and temperature distribution.

关键词： Moisture diffusivity semiconductor photothermoelastic rotation thermomechanical waves laplace transform

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Flexible ultra-thin super-resolution endoscopy

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 171-172页

作者： George s.D.Gordon Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of NottinghamNottingham NG7 2RDUK

In recent years, multimode fiber(MMF) has become an important tool for high-resolution endoscopic imaging in narrow channels(e.g., in the brain via needles or inside blood vessels) due to its high mode density and fine diameter, typically stacle to widespread deployment in applications is that realistic perturbations, including bending, twisting and changes in temperature, cause unacceptable image degradation.

关键词： fiber resolution typically

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Explainable Conformer Network for Detection of COVID-19 Pneumonia from Chest CT scan: From Concepts toward Clinical Explainability

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1171-1187页

作者： Mohamed Abdel-Basset Hossam Hawash Mohamed Abouhawwash s.s.Askar Alshaimaa A.Tantawy Faculty of Computers and Informatics Zagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Department of Computational Mathematics Scienceand Engineering(CMSE)Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of statistics and Operations Research College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia

The early implementation of treatment therapies necessitates the swift and precise identification of COVID-19 pneumonia by the analysis of chest CT *** study aims to investigate the indispensable need for precise and interpretable diagnostic tools for improving clinical decision-making for COVID-19 *** paper proposes a novel deep learning approach,called Conformer Network,for explainable discrimination of viral pneumonia depending on the lung Region of Infections(ROI)within a single modality radiographic CT ***,an efficient U-shaped transformer network is integrated for lung image ***,a robust transfer learning technique is introduced to design a robust feature extractor based on pre-trained lightweight Big Transfer(BiT-L)and finetuned on medical data to effectively learn the patterns of infection in the input ***,this work presents a visual explanation method to guarantee clinical explainability for decisions made by Conformer *** evaluation of real-world CT data demonstrated that the diagnostic accuracy of ourmodel outperforms cutting-edge studies with statistical *** Conformer Network achieves 97.40% of detection accuracy under cross-validation *** model not only achieves high sensitivity and specificity but also affords visualizations of salient features contributing to each classification decision,enhancing the overall transparency and trustworthiness of our *** findings provide obvious implications for the ability of our model to empower clinical staff by generating transparent intuitions about the features driving diagnostic decisions.

关键词： Deep learning COVID-19 multi-modal medical image fusion diagnostic image fusion

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Role of climatic variability in shaping intraspecific variation of thermal tolerance in Mediterranean water beetles

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Insect science 2024年第1期31卷 285-298页

作者： susana Pallarés David Garoffolo Belén Rodríguez David sánchez-Fernández Department of Zoology University of SevilleSevilleSpain Faculty of Biology Department of Ecology and HydrologyUniversity of MurciaCampus EspinardoMurciaSpain

The climatic variability hypothesis(CVH)predicts that organisms in more thermally variable environments have wider thermal breadths and higher thermal plasticity than those from more stable ***,due to evolutionary trade-offs,taxa with greater absolute thermal limits may have little plasticity of such limits(trade-off hypothesis).The CVH assumes that climatic variability is the ultimate driver of thermal tolerance variation across latitudinal and altitudinal gradients,but average temperature also varies along such *** explored intraspecific variation of thermal tolerance in three typical Mediterranean saline water beetles(families Hydrophilidae and Dytiscidae).For each species,we compared two populations where the species coexist,with similar annual mean temperature but contrasting thermal variability(continental *** population).We estimated thermal limits of adults from each population,previously acclimated at 17,20,or 25℃.We found species-specific patterns but overall,our results agree with the CVH regarding thermal ranges,which were wider in the continental(more variable)*** the two hydrophilid species,this came at the cost of losing plasticity of the upper thermal limit in this population,supporting the trade-off hypothesis,but not in the dytiscid *** results support the role of local adaptation to thermal variability and trade-offs between basal tolerance and physiological plasticity in shaping thermal tolerance in aquatic ectotherms,but also suggest that intraspecific variation of thermal tolerance does not fit a general pattern among aquatic *** such intraspecific variation could lead to inaccurate predictions of the vulnerability of aquatic insects to global warming.

关键词： acclimation capacity aquatic insects climate change heat coma temperature supercooling point thermal plasticity

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