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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第5期16卷 761-766,I0010,I0011页

作者： Rosita A Condorelli enzo vicari Aldo E Calogero Sandro La Vignera Department of Medical and Pediatric Sciences Section of Endocrinology Andrology and Internal Medicine University of Catania Catania Italy

Male accessory gland inflammation or infection （MAGI） is a potentially underdiagnosed complication of type 2 diabetes （DM2）; specifically, we reported in a recent study that the frequency of MAGI was 43% among DM2 patients. In previous studies, we have demonstrated that diabetic autonomic neuropathy （DAN） is associated with a peculiar ultrasound characterization of the seminal vesicles （SVs） in DM2 patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of MAGI in two different categories of DM2 patients （i.e. patients with and without symptoms that possibly reflect DAN） and the respective ultrasound characterizations. Sixty DM2 patients with a mean （± s.e.m.） age of 42.0 ± 6.0 years （range： 34-47 years） were classified according to the presence or the absence of symptoms that could possibly reflect DAN （group A： DM2 with symptoms possibly reflecting DAN, n = 28 patients and group B： DM2 without symptoms possibly reflecting DAN, n = 32 patients）. The patients in Group A exhibited a significantly higher frequency of MAGI compared with those in group B patients （P 〈 0.05）; moreover, the Group A patients exhibited a significantly higher frequency of ultrasound signs suggestive of vesiculitis （P 〈 0.05）. Finally, the concentrations of lymphocytes but not the concentrations of the leukocytes in the semen were significantly higher （P 〈 0.05） in group A compared with group B.

关键词： diabetic neuropathy male accessory gland inflammation or infection male infertility

Chronic bacterial prostatitis and irritable bowel syndrome： effectiveness of treatment with rifaximin followed by the probiotic VSL#3

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第5期16卷 735-739,I0009页

作者： enzo vicari Sandro La Vignera Roberto Castiglione Rosita A Condorelli Lucia O vicari Aldo E Calogero Section of Endocrinology Andrology and Internal Medicine Department of MedicaJ and Pediatric Sciences Master in Experimental and Clinical Medicine and Cellular Physiopathology University of Catania Catania Italy

This study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of treatment with rifaximin followed by the probiotic VSL#3 versus no treatment on the progression of chronic prostatitis toward chronic microbial prostate-vesiculitis （PV） or prostate-vesiculo-epididymitis （PVE）. A total of 106 selected infertile male patients with bacteriologically cured chronic bacterial prostatitis （CBP） and irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） were randomly prescribed rifaximin （200 mg, 2 tablets bid, for 7 days monthly for 12 months） and probiotic containing multiple strains VSL#3 （450 × 10^9 CFU per day） or no treatment. Ninety-five of them （89.6%） complied with the therapeutic plan and were included in this study. Group A = ＂6Tx/6-＂： treatment for the initial 6 and no treatment for the following 6 months （n = 26）; Group B = ＂12Tx＂： 12 months of treatment （n = 22）; Group C = ＂6-/6Tx＂： no treatment for the initial 6 months and treatment in the last 6 months （n = 23）; Group D = ＂12-＂： no treatment （n = 24）. The patients of Groups A = ＂6Tx/6-＂ and B = ＂12Tx＂ had the highest frequency of chronic prostatitis （88.5% and 86.4%, respectively）. In contrast, group ＂12-＂： patients had the lowest frequency of prostatitis （33.4%）. The progression of prostatitis into PV in groups ＂6Tx/6-＂（15.5%） and ＂6-/6Tx＂（13.6%） was lower than that found in the patients of group ＂12-＂（45.8%）. Finally, no patient of groups ＂6Tx/6-＂ and ＂6-/6Tx＂ had PVE, whereas it was diagnosed in 20.8% of group ＂12-＂ patients. Long-term treatment with rifaximin and the probiotic VSL#3 is effective in lowering the progression of prostatitis into more complicated forms of male accessory gland infections in infertile patients with bacteriologically cured CBP plus IBS.

关键词： chronic bacterial prostatitis irritable bowel syndrome probiotic VSL#3 prostate-vesiculitis prostate-vesiculo-epididymitis rifaximin

Does alcohol have any effect on male reproductive Function？ A review of literature

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 221-225,I0006页

作者： Sandro La Vignera Rosita A Condorelli Giancarlo Balercia enzo vicari Aldo E Calogero Section of Endocrinology Andrology and Internal Medicine Department of Medical and Pediatric Sciences University of Catania Catania 95123 Italy Department of tnternat Medicine and Applied Biotechnologies Politechnic University of Marche Ancona 60100 Italy

Although alcohol is widely used, its impact on the male reproductive function is still controversial. Over the years, many studies have investigated the effects of alcohol consumption on sperm parameters and male infertility. This article reviews the main preclinical and clinical evidences. Studies conducted on the experimental animal have shown that a diet enriched with ethanol causes sperm parameter abnormalities, a number of alterations involving the reproductive tract inhibition, and reduced mouse oocyte in vitro fertilization rate. These effects were partly reversible upon discontinuation of alcohol consumption. Most of the studies evaluating the effects of alcohol in men have shown a negative impact on the sperm parameters. This has been reported to be associated with hypotestosteronemia and low-normal or elevated gonadotropin levels suggesting a combined central and testicular detrimental effect of alcohol. Nevertheless, alcohol consumption does not seem to have much effect on fertility either in in vitro fertilization programs or population-based studies. Finally, the genetic background and other concomitant, alcohol consumption-related conditions influence the degree of the testicular damage. In conclusion, alcohol consumption is associated with a deterioration of sperm parameters which may be partially reversible upon alcohol consumption discontinuation.

关键词： alcohol HPT hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis male infertility reproductive function sperm parameters spermatogenesis teratozoospermia

Seminal vesicles and diabetic neuropathy： ultrasound evaluation in patients with couple infertility and different levels of glycaemic control

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第6期13卷 872-876页

作者： Sandro La Vignera Rosita A Condorelli enzo vicari Rosario D＇Agata Aldo E Calogero Section of Endocrinology Andrology and Internal Medicine and Master＇s Program in Andrological Human Reproduction and Biotechnology Sciences Department of Interna Medicine and Systemic Diseases University of Catania Catania 95123 Italy

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ultrasound characteristics of the seminal vesicles （SVs） of infertile patients with diabetes mellitus （DM） and diabetic neuropathy （DN） and to investigate possible changes in ultrasound characteristics related to glycaemic control. To accomplish this, 45 infertile patients with type 2 DM and symptomatic DN were selected. Twenty healthy fertile men and 20 patients with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia without DM represented the control groups. DM patients were arbitrarily divided into three groups according to glycaemic control level （A=glycosylated haemoglobin 〈7%; B =glycosylated haemoglobin between 7% and 10%; C=glycosylated haemoglobin 〉 10%）. Patients underwent prostate-vesicular transrectal ultrasonography and sperm analysis. The following SV ultrasound parameters were recorded：（i） body antero-posterior diameter （APD）; （ii） fundus APD; （iii） parietal thicknesses of the right and left SVs; and （iv） the number of polycyclic areas within both SVs. We then calculated the following parameters：（i） fundus/body （F/B） ratio; （ii） difference of the parietal thickness between the right and the left SV; and （iii） pre- and post-ejaculatory APD difference. All DM patients had a higher FIB ratio compared to controls （P〈0.05）. Group C had a higher FIB ratio compared to the other DM groups （P〈0.05）. All DM patients had a lower pre- and post-ejaculatory difference of the body SV APD compared to controls （P〈0.05）. Groups A and B had a similar pre- and post-ejaculatory difference of the body SV APD, whereas this difference was lower in Group C （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, infertile DM patients with DN showed peculiar SV ultrasound features suggestive of functional atony, and low glycaemic control was associated with greater expression of these features.

关键词： diabetes glycaemic control infertility neuropathy seminal vesicles

Efficacy and limits of sildenafil citrate in patients with arterial erectile dysfunction： role of peripheral arterial disease and cardiovascular comorbidities

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第6期10卷 847-853页

作者： enzo vicari Mariano Malaguarnera Sandro La Vignera Fabio Calzavara Carmelo Battiato Aldo E. Calogero Section of Endocrinology Andrology and Internal Medicine and Master in Andrological and Human Reproduction Sciences Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Catania Catania 95123 Italy Department of Senescence Urological and Neurological Sciences University of Catania Catania 95021 Italy

Aim： To evaluate whether the response to sildenafil administration in patients with arterial erectile dysfunction （ED） was related to their peak systolic velocity （PSV）, peripheral atherosclerosis, cardiovascular risk factors （RF） and/or comorbidities at low cardiovascular risk. Methods： We enrolled 97 patients with 1-2 RF and comorbidities, combined with arterial ED alone （group A, n = 27）, ED plus atherosclerotic carotid artery （group B, n = 23）, ED plus lower limb artery abnormalities （group C, n = 25）, and ED plus carotid and lower limb artery abnormalities （group D, n = 22）. Sildenafil efficacy （100 mg twice a week for 12 weeks） was also examined in patients with ≥ 3 RF, peripheral a（herosclerosis and no cardiovascular comorbidities （group E, n = 20）. Results： Median PSV was 24.1, 21.0, 19.3, 14.5 and 17.5 cm/s in groups A, B, C, D and E, respectively. Sildenafil response was higher in group A patients （77.8%）, intermediate in groups B and C （65.2% and 56%） and lowest in groups D （45.4%） and E （50%）, and the response in latter two groups was significantly lower than in the other three groups. In addition, sildenafil response was nega- tively influenced by：〉 3 RF, peripheral atherosclerosis and no systemic comorbidity, or presence of 1-2 RF associated with extended atherosclerosis and comorbidities. The number of comorbidifies was positively related to atherosclerosis localization or extension （25, 35, 38 and 47 in groups A, B, C and D, respectively）. Conclusion： Low sildenafil efficacy in patients with arterial ED was associated with extended atherosclerosis. These patients should undergo extensive ultrasonography and a full cardiovascular examination.

关键词： arterial erectile dysfunction cardiovascular comorbidities peripheral atherosclerosis sildenafil efficacy

Acquired premature ejaculation and male accessory gland infection： relevance of ultrasound examination

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第5期18卷 769-772页

作者： Sandro La Vignera Rosita A Condorelli enzo vicari Vincenzo Favilla Giuseppe Morgia Aldo E Calogero Section of Andrology Endocrinology and Internal Medicine Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department of Urology Policlinico 'G. Rodolico'University Hospital University of Catania Catania Italy

We have previously demonstrated a high frequency of premature ejaculation （PE） among patients with male accessory gland infection （MAGI）. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ultrasound （US） features of patients with MAGI and acquired premature ejaculation （APE） associated （MAGI-APEpos）. US evaluation of 50 MAGI-APEpos patients compared to 50 patients with MAGI without PE （MAGI-PEneg） which represent the control group. The diagnosis of APE was made through the evaluation of Intravaginal ejaculation latency time （IELT） and confirmed with the questionnaire PEDT （Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool）. The main outcome measure was represented by the frequency of US criteria suggestive of P （prostatitis）, V （vesiculitis）, and E （epididymitis） in MAGI-APEpos and MAGI-PEneg patients. MAGI-APEpos patients showed a total number of US criteria significantly higher compared to MAGI-PEneg patients. MAGI-APEpos showed a higher frequency of US criteria of V and E （complicated forms of MAGI）. Finally, in MAGI-APEpos group, it was found a positive relationship between the anteroposterior diameter （APD） of the caudal tract of the epididymis and the APD of the seminal vesicles, as well as between both diameters and the PEDT score. MAGI-APEpos patients have a peculiar US characterization compared to MAGI-PEneg patients. According to these results, US evaluation of the epididymal and of the prostato vesicular tract should be considered in the practical clinical approach of patients with MAGI and APE. In particular, it could be a SUDDort for a possible Dathoahysiological interpretation of this clinical problem in these patients.

关键词： male accessory gland infection premature ejaculation ultrasound examination

Persistence of ultrasound alterations after antibiotic treatment with levofloxacin in patients with male accessory gland infection

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第6期14卷 879-883页

作者： Sandro La Vignera Rosita A Condorelli Aldo E Calogero Salvatore Bellanca Mario Salmeri enzo vicari Section of Endocrinology Andrology and Internal Medicine Department of Medical and Paediatric Sciences University of Catania Policlinico 'G. Rodolico' Catania 95123 ItalY Operative Unit of Marital Infertility Department of Medical Surgical Specialities University of Catania Policlinico 'G. Rodolico' Catania 95123 Italy Section of Microbiology Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Catania Policlinico 'G. Rodolico' Catania 95123 Italy

No studies have evaluated the ultrasound features of the male sex accessory glands in infertile patients with bacterial male accessory gland infection （MAGI） according to the microbiological outcomes of bacterial cultures （absent, partial or complete） following antibiotic therapy administration. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the ultrasound characteristics of the prostate, seminal vesicles, and epididymal tracts after treatment with levofloxacin （a common quinolone antibiotic）, in patients with infections caused by Escherichia coil （a Gram-negative bacterium） according to the Naber＇s classification, which includes the following categories： eradication, eradication with superinfection, persistence and persistence with superinfection. The study was conducted in 100 patients aged 25±8 years （range： 20-40 years） with bacterial MAGI and bacterial cultures positive only for E. coil（colony forming units ≥ 106 per ml）. Retrospective analysis was conducted only on patients treated with oral levofloxacin （500 mg） administered once daily for 28 days who were recruited over the last 5 years. Following antibiotic treatment, patients with microbiological persistence or persistence with superinfection had a significantly higher percentage of ultrasound abnormalities suggestive of prostato-vesiculitis （PV）（30.2% and 36.0%, respectively） or prostato-vesiculo-epididymitis （PVE）（60.2% and 70.0%, respectively） compared with patients with microbiological eradication （PV= 10.2% and PVE=8.2%, respectively） or eradication with superinfection （PV= 18.8% and PVE=21.2%, respectively）. In conclusion, patients with microbiological persistence or persistence plus superinfection showed the highest prevalence of complicated forms of MAGI （PV and PVE）, compared with patients with microbiological eradication or eradication with superinfection.

关键词： eradication rate male accessory gland infection microbiological response semen analysis ultrasound changes

Transrectal ultrasonography in infertile patients with persistently elevated bacteriospermia

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第5期10卷 731-740页

作者： Sandro La Vignera Aldo E. Calogero Alessandro Arancio Roberto Castiglione Gaetano De Grande enzo vicari Section of Endocrinology Andrology and Internal Medicine Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Catania 95123 Catania Italy Urology Unit Ospedale Umberto L 96100 Syracuse ltaly

Aim： To identify and define prostate and seminal vesicle abnormalities in patients with chronic male accessory gland infection （MAGI） who failed to respond to antibacterial treatment. Methods： We selected 67 consecutive patients with MAGI and persistently elevated bacteriospermia （≥ 10^6 colony forming units [CFU]/mL） after three antibiotic courses. Fourteen infertile patients with initial chronic microbial （≥ 10^6 CFU/mL） MAGI who responded to antibacterial treatment （〈 10^3 CFU/mL） served as a control group. All patients and controls underwent transrectal ultrasonography （TRUS） scans and semen analysis. Patients with low seminal plasma volume （〈 1.5 mL） underwent both preejaculatory and post-ejaculatory TRUS examination. Results： TRUS revealed multiple abnormalities indicative of：（i） bilaterally extended prostato-vesiculitis （group A： 52 cases, 77.6%）（nine of these patients also had micro-emphysematous prostate abscess）; and （ii） prostato-vesiculitis with unilateral or bilateral sub-obstruction of the ejaculatory ducts （group B： 15 cases, 22.4%）. Mean sperm concentration, total sperm number, ejaculate volume and pH value were significantly higher in group A than in group B. In addition, sperm forward motility and the percentage of normal forms were significantly worse than in controls, whereas leukocyte concentration was significantly higher in group A. Group B patients had all sperm parameters, but their pH values, significantly different from those of controls. Conclusion： Although antibiotic therapy is considered suitable when microbial MAGI is suspected, it is impossible to account for a poor response to antibiotics merely on the basis of conventional criteria （clinical history, physical and ejaculate signs）. Thus, TRUS may be helpful in the follow-up of these patients.

关键词： persistent bacteriospermia prostato-vesiculitis sub-obstruction of the ejaculatory ducts micro-emphysematous prostate abscess sperm parameters ultrasound features

Anejaculation in a patient with Charcot-Marie-Tooth

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第5期20卷 529-530页

作者： Rossella Cannarella Giovanni Burgio Sandro La Vignera enzo S vicari Aldo E Calogero Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Catania Catania95123 Italy

Dear Editor,The occurrence of delayed ejaculation or ane）aculation has been previously suggested in patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth （CMT） syndrome.1 Despite this, such disorder is rarely investigated and may be underestimated in patients with this disease. We report the case of a 20-year-old men with CMT 1B due to the presence of a punctiform mutation in the exon 2 of the myelin protein zero （MPZ） gene （ 1 q23.3）（Ser78Leu）, complaining for life-long anejaculation. He inherited this mutation from the mother and it has also been detected in his grandmother. No other components of his family were positive at the genetic testing.

关键词： DISEASE

Discussion 2 on "Introspection on improper seismic retrofit of Basilica Santa Maria di Collemaggio after 2009 Italian earthquake" by ***,*** and *** Stefano

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2012年第2期11卷 289-290页

作者： enzo Cartapati Department of Structural & Geotechnical Engineering(DISG) University of Rome 'La Sapienza'RomeItaly

This discussion will address two aspects found in the paper:lack of proper information and some mistakes. Lack of proper information In Section 2 of the paper,a short review of the seismic events suffered by the Basilica and of the interventions of reconstruction which have followed is presented,but the main effects of these events are not

关键词： by G.P.Cimellaro,A.M.Reinhorn and A.De Stefano Discussion 2 on De