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Enhancement of motor functional recovery in thoracic spinal cord injury: voluntary wheel running versus forced treadmill exercise

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 836-844页

作者： Do-Hun Lee Dan cao Younghye Moon Chen Chen Nai-Kui Liu Xiao-Ming Xu Wei Wu Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Neuroscience Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group(10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.

关键词： behavioral assessment motor function neural plasticity running wheel exercise spinal cord injury treadmill exercise voluntary exercise

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Establishment of human cerebral organoid systems to model early neural development and assess the central neurotoxicity of environmental toxins

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 242-252页

作者： Daiyu Hu Yuanqing cao Chenglin Cai Guangming Wang Min Zhou Luying Peng Yantao Fan Qiong Lai Zhengliang Gao Fundamental Research Center Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital(Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center)School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Geriatrics(Shanghai University) Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University(The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong)Shanghai University School of MedicineNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair Shanghai University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias Ministry of EducationShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina

Human brain development is a complex process,and animal models often have significant *** address this,researchers have developed pluripotent stem cell-derived three-dimensional structures,known as brain-like organoids,to more accurately model early human brain development and *** enable more consistent and intuitive reproduction of early brain development,in this study,we incorporated forebrain organoid culture technology into the traditional unguided method of brain organoid *** involved embedding organoids in matrigel for only 7 days during the rapid expansion phase of the neural epithelium and then removing them from the matrigel for further cultivation,resulting in a new type of human brain organoid *** cerebral organoid system replicated the temporospatial characteristics of early human brain development,including neuroepithelium derivation,neural progenitor cell production and maintenance,neuron differentiation and migration,and cortical layer patterning and formation,providing more consistent and reproducible organoids for developmental modeling and toxicology *** a proof of concept,we applied the heavy metal cadmium to this newly improved organoid system to test whether it could be used to evaluate the neurotoxicity of environmental *** organoids exposed to cadmium for 7 or 14 days manifested severe damage and abnormalities in their neurodevelopmental patterns,including bursts of cortical cell death and premature *** exposure caused progressive depletion of neural progenitor cells and loss of organoid integrity,accompanied by compensatory cell proliferation at ectopic *** convenience,flexibility,and controllability of this newly developed organoid platform make it a powerful and affordable alternative to animal models for use in neurodevelopmental,neurological,and neurotoxicological studies.

关键词： cadmium cell death cell proliferation cortical development environmental toxins neural progenitor cells neurogenesis neurotoxicology organoids stem cells

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MXene Hybridized Polymer with Enhanced Electromagnetic Energy Harvest for Sensitized Microwave Actuation and Self-Powered Motion Sensing

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NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2025年第1期17卷 1-15页

作者： Wang, Yu-Ze Wang, Yu-Chang Liu, Ting-Ting Zhao, Quan-Liang Li, Chen-Sha cao, Mao-Sheng Beijing Inst Technol Sch Mat Sci & Engn Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Peking Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Beijing 100871 Peoples R China North China Univ Technol Sch Mech & Mat Engn Beijing 100144 Peoples R China Heilongjiang Univ Minist Educ Peoples Republ China Key Lab Funct Inorgan Mat Chem Harbin 150080 Peoples R China

Polymeric microwave actuators combining tissue-like softness with programmable microwave-responsive deformation hold great promise for mobile intelligent devices and bionic soft robots. However, their application is challenged by restricted electromagnetic sensitivity and intricate sensing coupling. In this study, a sensitized polymeric microwave actuator is fabricated by hybridizing a liquid crystal polymer with Ti3C2Tx (MXene). Compared to the initial counterpart, the hybrid polymer exhibits unique space-charge polarization and interfacial polarization, resulting in significant improvements of 230% in the dielectric loss factor and 830% in the apparent efficiency of electromagnetic energy harvest. The sensitized microwave actuation demonstrates as the shortened response time of nearly 10 s, which is merely 13% of that for the initial shape memory polymer. Moreover, the ultra-low content of MXene (up to 0.15 wt%) benefits for maintaining the actuation potential of the hybrid polymer. An innovative self-powered sensing prototype that combines driving and piezoelectric polymers is developed, which generates real-time electric potential feedback (open-circuit potential of similar to 3 mV) during actuation. The polarization-dominant energy conversion mechanism observed in the MXene-polymer hybrid structure furnishes a new approach for developing efficient electromagnetic dissipative structures and shows potential for advancing polymeric electromagnetic intelligent devices.

关键词： Microwave absorption Electromagnetic response Energy harvest Self-sensing Soft actuator

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Universal design of three-dimensional porous graphene-iron based promotors for kinetically rationalized lithium-sulfur chemistry

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 192-200页

作者： Hua Gao Yunfeng Zhang Menglei Wang Ruoxuan Yang Shuai Feng Xuan cao Yaping Zhang Zhongyuan Lu Yingze Song State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials School of Materials and Chemistry Southwest University of Science and Technology School of Material Science and Engineering Henan University of Technology College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Taishan University

Lithium-sulfur （Li-S） batteries are widely deemed to be one of the most potential candidates for future secondary batteries because of their remarkable energy ***,notorious polysulfide shuttling and retarded sulfur reaction kinetics pose significant obstacles to the further application of Li-S *** rationally designed highly active electrocatalysts can facilitate polysulfide conversion,the universal and scalable synthesis strategies need to be ***,a universal synthetic strategy to construct a series of three-dimensional （3D） porous graphene-iron （3DGr-Fe） based electrocatalysts involving 3DGr-FeP,3DGr-Fe3C,and 3DGr-Fe3Se4is exploited for manipulating the Li-S redox *** has been observed that the implementation of a 3D porous Gr architecture leads to the well-designed conductive networks,while the uniformly dispersed iron nanoparticles introduce an abundance of active sites,fostering the lithium polysulfide conversion,thereby bolstering the overall electrochemical *** Li-S battery with the 3DGr-Fe based electrocatalyst exhibits remarkable capacity retention of 94.8%upon 100 times at 0.2 ***,the soft-packaged Li-S pouch cell based on such a 3DGr-Fe electrocatalyst delivers superior capacity of 1060.71 mA h g-1and guarantees for the continuous 30 min work of fan *** investigation gives comprehensive insights into the design,synthesis,and mechanism of 3DGr-Fe based electrocatalysts with high activity toward efficient and durable Li-S batteries.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur battery Universal synthesis 3D graphene-iron based promotor Electrocatalysis

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计吏、“贡士”与东汉贡献秩序的演变——以“举计吏”为线索

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古代文明（中英文） 2025年第1期19卷 94-105,M0006页

作者：曹天江中央民族大学历史文化学院北京100081

东汉时期流行起来的“举计吏”一语,将上计与察举相联系,为观察东汉上计事务与贡献秩序的关系及其意义提供了视点。细考史料所见郡国上计案例,可知上计与察举的前途相似,但当时并未将计吏设为正式的察举科目。与西汉相比,东汉上计对计... 详细信息

东汉时期流行起来的“举计吏”一语,将上计与察举相联系,为观察东汉上计事务与贡献秩序的关系及其意义提供了视点。细考史料所见郡国上计案例,可知上计与察举的前途相似,但当时并未将计吏设为正式的察举科目。与西汉相比,东汉上计对计吏的能力要求不再突出,计吏与长官的亲厚程度及其才学声望等成为更重要的因素,其人选也转向高级郡吏与布衣名士,并被赋予了地方“人才”的色彩。进而,郡国不再将上计之事推托给小吏,而是主动推荐计吏。加上察举诸生“与计偕”规定的长期执行及东汉贡献礼仪的日益完备,上计与察举在事务与观念上逐渐合流,最终,计吏被纳为“贡士”之选,统合贡献秩序中,彰显郡国对朝廷的属从关系,象征王朝国家对全国上下人、事、物全面的掌控。

关键词：上计贡士贡献秩序举计吏察举

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Discrete Numerical Study on Type II Fracture of Partially Detached Concrete Panels in Cold Region

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2025年第1期19卷 167-191页

作者： Huayi Zhang Maobin Song Lei Shen Nizar Faisal Alkayem Maosen cao College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210024China Haihe River Huaihe River and Xiaoqinghe River Basin Water Conservancy Management and Service Center of Shandong ProvinceJinan250100China College of Mechanics and Engineering Science Hohai UniversityNanjing211100China

When the upper chord beam of the beam-string structure(BSS)is made of concrete-ﬁlled steel tube(CFST),its overall stiffness will change greatly with the construction of concrete placement,which will have an impact on the design of the tensioning plans and selection of control measures for the *** order to accurately obtain the bending stiffness of CFST beam and clarify its impact on the mechanical properties of composite BSS during con-struction,the inﬂuence of some factors such as height-width ratio,wall thickness of steel tube,elasticity modulus of concrete,and friction coefﬁcient on the bending stiffness are analyzed parametrically by the numerical simula-tion technology based on an actual *** calculation formula of the equivalent bending stiffness of CFST is also established through mathematical statistical ***,the equivalent bending stiffness is introduced into the construction and use stages of the composite BSS,respectively,and the mechanical properties such as prestress-tensioning control value,structural deformation,and internal force of key members are comparatively analyzed when adopting two different construction ***,the optimal construction plan of concrete placementﬁrst and then prestress-tensioning is proposed.

关键词： Beam-string structure(BSS) concrete-ﬁlled steel tube(CFST) bending stiffness timing of concrete placement prestress-tensioning

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人工智能文生视频大模型Sora对科技伦理的冲击及应对

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新疆师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2025年第1期46卷 142-148页

作者：曹贤平南昌工程学院马克思主义学院江西南昌330099

Sora的推出是人类社会发展和人工智能进步的标志性事件,凸显出生成式人工智能的强大功能。Sora的爆火离不开规模化数据、先进算法和规模化算力,其内在运行机制紧扣文本输入、文本编码、视频生成和视频输出的基本逻辑,在人类社会具有广... 详细信息

Sora的推出是人类社会发展和人工智能进步的标志性事件,凸显出生成式人工智能的强大功能。Sora的爆火离不开规模化数据、先进算法和规模化算力,其内在运行机制紧扣文本输入、文本编码、视频生成和视频输出的基本逻辑,在人类社会具有广阔应用前景。但Sora在技术更迭和运用过程中可能给科技伦理带来诸如冲击人的主体性地位、导致人们认知的混乱性、冲击伦理规则的适用性、冲击数字隐私伦理并造成数字歧视等风险。因此,要坚持以人为本,运用技术手段增强Sora的数据筛选力度和敏捷治理效度,防止数据泄露和侵犯隐私,进行伦理设计实现科技伦理与时俱进,辅之必要的教育培训,以此提升全民运用人工智能技术的能力。

关键词： Sora 生成式人工智能科技伦理

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边界与无疆(创作谈)

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当代文坛 2025年第1期 71-73页

作者：曹文轩北京大学中文系

什么样的作品可以走向世界?或者说:走向世界的路径是什么?作为还算是幸运的中国作家,我的一些作品去了巴黎、伦敦、柏林、纽约、罗马、莫斯科、马德里、开罗、东京……我的作品被翻译为英、法、德、俄、意大利、西班牙、日、韩、阿拉伯... 详细信息

什么样的作品可以走向世界?或者说:走向世界的路径是什么?作为还算是幸运的中国作家,我的一些作品去了巴黎、伦敦、柏林、纽约、罗马、莫斯科、马德里、开罗、东京……我的作品被翻译为英、法、德、俄、意大利、西班牙、日、韩、阿拉伯、波斯、瑞典、葡萄牙等40余种语言,共计230余册,在世界各地出版、发行,并获得了一些较为重要的国际奖项。我不太能肯定这样的状况是否可以算得上我们的文学正从“走出去”往“走进去”过渡。

关键词：走向世界创作谈葡萄牙国际奖项马德里

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Aperiodically semi-intermittent-based fixed-time stabilization and synchronization of delayed discontinuous inertial neural networks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期 238-254页

作者： Guodong ZHANG Jinde cao School of Mathematics and Statistics South-Central Minzu University School of Mathematics Southeast University

This article concentrates on the fixed-time stabilization(FS) and fixed-time synchronization(FTS) of discontinuous inertial neural networks(DINNs) with distributed delays. Using mathematical induction to a new differential equality, a novel fixed-time stability lemma is constructed. Then, by designing an aperiodically semi-intermittent switching control and combining it with the theory of nonsmooth analysis, some novel criteria on the FS and FTS of DINNs are obtained. Unlike the methods used in most existing studies, the FS and FTS results are structured using the newly proposed fixed-time stability lemma and the nonreduced-order approach, resulting in broader practical applications and strengthening the scientific quality of the derived results. Lastly, numerical simulations and applications proffer the effectiveness of the established FS and FTS criteria.

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Role of the globus pallidus in motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1628-1643页

作者： Yimiao Jiang Zengxin Qi Huixian Zhu Kangli Shen Ruiqi Liu Chenxin Fang Weiwei Lou Yifan Jiang Wangrui Yuan Xin cao Liang Chen Qianxing Zhuang Department of Physiology School of MedicineNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Huashan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina National Center for Neurological Disorders ShanghaiChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration ShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Institute of Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

The globus pallidus plays a pivotal role in the basal ganglia circuit. Parkinson's disease is characterized by degeneration of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra, which leads to dopamine deficiency in the brain that subsequently manifests as various motor and non-motor symptoms. This review aims to summarize the involvement of the globus pallidus in both motor and non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease. The firing activities of parvalbumin neurons in the medial globus pallidus, including both the firing rate and pattern, exhibit strong correlations with the bradykinesia and rigidity associated with Parkinson's disease. Increased beta oscillations, which are highly correlated with bradykinesia and rigidity, are regulated by the lateral globus pallidus. Furthermore,bradykinesia and rigidity are strongly linked to the loss of dopaminergic projections within the cortical-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop. Resting tremors are attributed to the transmission of pathological signals from the basal ganglia through the motor cortex to the cerebellum-ventral intermediate nucleus circuit. The cortico–striato–pallidal loop is responsible for mediating pallidi-associated sleep disorders. Medication and deep brain stimulation are the primary therapeutic strategies addressing the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease. Medication is the primary treatment for motor symptoms in the early stages of Parkinson's disease, while deep brain stimulation has been clinically proven to be effective in alleviating symptoms in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease,particularly for the movement disorders caused by levodopa. Deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus internus can improve motor function in patients with tremordominant and non-tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease, while deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus externus can alter the temporal pattern of neural activity throughout the basal ganglia–thalamus network. Therefore, the comp

关键词： anxiety basal ganglia bradykinesia deep brain stimulation depression globus pallidus externus globus pallidus internus lateral globus pallidus medial globus pallidus neural circuit Parkinson's disease

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