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Navigating reflux disease after achalasia treatments:Balancing risks and benefits

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第21期30卷 2740-2743页

作者： Ewen A Griffiths enoch Wong Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152GWWest MidlandsUnited Kingdom Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTWest MidlandsUnited Kingdom

The peroral endoscopic myotomy(POEM)procedure has revolutionized the management of achalasia in many centres around the world as it offers patients a minimally invasive endoscopic solution to their dysphagia caused by *** its success in alleviating dysphagia,concerns regarding postoperative gastroesophageal reflux disease have emerged as a pertinent issue which are not fully *** this study,Nabi et al have comprehensively reviewed the topic of the prediction,prevention and management of gastroesophageal reflux after *** is a purely endoscopic procedure which is usually performed without any anti-reflux *** patients may be better served by a laparoscopic Heller’s myotomy and fundoplication and it is important that gastroenterologists and surgeons provide comprehensive risks and benefits of each achalasia treatment option so that patients can decide what treatment is best for *** article by Nabi et al provides a comprehensive review of the current status of this issue to allow these discussions to occur.

关键词： Achalasia Gastro-esophageal reflux disease Laparoscopic heller’s myotomy Peroral endoscopic myotomy Fundoplication

Praseodymium metal nanorods as a 5-fluorouracil carrier

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1328-1336,I0005页

作者： Varnitha Manikantan Govindaraj Sri Varalakshmi Ujma Ashapak Tamboli Archana Sumohan Pillai Aleyamma Alexander Anushka Lucas Bose Allben Akash Israel V.M.V.enoch Centre for Nanoscience and Genomics Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences(Deemed University)Coimbatore641114Tamil NaduIndia Department of Applied Chemistry Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences(Deemed University)Coimbatore641114Tamil NaduIndia

Interest in metal nanoparticles as nanoscale drug-carrying vehicles has been *** such an aspect,lanthanide metal nanoparticles are particularly ***,we report praseodymium nanoparticles as a novel anticancer therapeutic transporting *** material was made as a composite with the supramolecular host polymer,poly-β-*** praseodymium nanorods were characterized using standard analytical techniques,including X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA).In addition,they were imaged using transmission electron *** nanostructures are a long rod-shaped material with 2.0±0.1μm in length and 230±10 nm in *** material shows a saturation magnetization value above 30 emu/g with a coercivity value of 130 *** nanocarrier is freighted with the drug 5-fluorouracil,and the encapsulation efficiency is 76.09%.The drug release is continuous from the nanocarrier(polymer-containing praseodymium nanoparticles)and proceeds for above 250 *** in vitro cytotoxicities of the blank nanocarrier and the 5-fluorouracil-loaded one are deduced by testing them on MCF-7 and Vero(non-cancerous)cell *** cytotoxicity on the cancerous cell lines is observed,whereas the non-cancerous cells are *** IC_(50)values on the cell lines are reported.

关键词： Metal nanoparticles Praseodymium Poly-cyclodextrin Drug delivery Anticancer activity Rare earths

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Assessment of groundwater quantity, quality, and associated health risk of the Tano river basin, Ghana

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 325-353页

作者： Adwoba Kua-Manza Edjah Bruce Banoeng-Yakubo Anthony Ewusi enoch Sakyi-Yeboah David Saka Clara Turetta Giulio Cozzi David Atta-Peters Larry Pax Chegbeleh Water Resources Research Centre Ghana Atomic Energy CommissionAccraGhana Earth Science Department University of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Geological Engineering Department University of Mines and TechnologyTarkwaGhana Department of Statistics University of GhanaAccraLegonGhana Institute of Polar Sciences National Research Council of ItalyVeniceItaly

In the Tano River Basin,groundwater serves as a crucial resource;however,its quantity and quality with regard to trace elements and microbiological loadings remain poorly understood due to the lack of groundwater logs and limited water *** study presents a comprehensive analysis of the Tano River Basin,focusing on three key ***,it investigated the aquifer hydraulic parameters and the results showed signiﬁcant spatial variations in borehole depths,yields,transmissivity,hydraulic conductivity,and speciﬁc *** boreholes were concentrated in the northeastern and southeastern zones,while geological formations,particu-larly the Apollonian Formation,exhibit a strong inﬂuence on borehole *** study identiﬁed areas with high transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity in the southern and eastern regions,suggesting good groundwater avail-ability and suitability for sustainable water ***-ondly,the research investigated the groundwater quality and observed that the majority of borehole samples fall within WHO(Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality,Environmental Health Criteria,Geneva,2011,***://***)***,some samples have pH levels below the standards,although the groundwater generally qualiﬁes as *** study further explores hydrochemical facies and health risk assessment,highlighting the dominance of Ca–HCO3 water *** element analysis reveals minimal health risks from most elements,with chromium(Cr)as the primary contributor to chronic health ***,this study has provided a key insights into the Tano River Basin’s hydrogeology and associated health *** outcome of this research has contributed to the broader understanding of hydrogeologi-cal dynamics and the importance of managing groundwater resources sustainably in complex geological environments.

关键词： Groundwater Unsupervised machine learning technique Hydrochemistry Aquifer hydraulic parameter Health risk

Split Addition of Nitrogen-Rich Substrate at Thermophilic and Mesophilic Stages of Composting: Effect on Green House Gases Emission and Quality of Compost

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第2期14卷 133-158页

作者： Boakye Acheampong Kodwo Miezah enoch Bessah Benedicta Essel Ayamba Francis Kemausour Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering College of Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Environmental Science College of Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition Division CSIR-Soil Research Institute Kumasi Ghana The Brew-Hammond Energy Center College of Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Composting as a solution to the increasing generation of municipal solid waste (MSW), also contribute to GHGs emission when not controlled and could lack some basic nutrients, especially nitrogen. This study assessed the split-additions of nitrogen-rich substrate to composting materials and their effect on GHGs emissions as well as the quality of the composts. Nitrogen-rich substrates formulated from pig and goat manure were co-composted with MSW for a 12-weeks period by split adding at mesophilic (˚C) and thermophilic (>50˚C) stages in five different treatments. Representative samples from the compost were taken from each treatment for physicochemical, heavy metals and bacteriological analysis. In-situ CH4, CO2, N2O gas emissions were also analyzed weekly during composting. It was observed that all the treatments showed significant organic matter decomposition, reaching thermophilic temperatures in the first week of composting. The absence affects the suitable agronomic properties. All nitrogen-rich substrate applied at thermophilic stage (Treatment two) recorded the highest N, P and K concentrations of 1.34%, 0.97% and 2.45%, respectively with highest nitrogen retention. In terms of GHG emissions, CO2 was highest at the thermophilic stage when N-rich substrate was added in all treatment, while CH4 was highest in the mesophilic stage with N-rich substrate addition. N2O showed no specific trend in the treatments. Split addition of the N-rich substrate for co-composting of MSW produced compost which is stable, has less nutrient loss and low GHG emissions. Split addition of a nitrogen-rich substrate could be an option for increasing the fertilizer value of MSW compost.

关键词： Compost Nitrogen-Rich Substrate Thermophilic Mesophilic Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Epidemiological, Clinical and Paraclinical Profile of Osteoarthritis of the Lower Limbs in Obese Patients at the Cocody University Teaching Hospital

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 69-76页

作者： Nzima Brice Kollo Aboubakar Bamba¹ Aboubacar Sidiki Condé Nzima Hilary Ngon Kanbaye Medom Ada Nina Kpami Yaya Coulibaly Kan Joseph enoch Koffi Ehaulier Soh Christian Louis Kouakou Mohamed Diomandé¹ Edmond Eti Rheumatology Department Cocody University Hospital Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Internal Medicine Department Yaounde University Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Rheumatology Department Bouake University Hospital Bouake C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical characteristics of osteoarthritis of the lower limbs in obese patients at the Cocody University Teaching Hospital. Methodology: This was an analytical cross-sectional study carried out in the rheumatology department of the Cocody UTH in Abidjan (Ivory Coast) from March 1 to April 30 2023. Patients who came for rheumatology consultation presenting with mechanical arthralgia of the lower limbs, who were obese, had radiographic images were included. All patients without radiographic images were excluded. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m. The Chi2 test was used to compare proportions and determine the existence of associations between osteoarthristis and obesity, obesity severity and radiographic stage of osteoarthritis as well as the functional impact. A p-value below a predefined threshold (p = 0,05) indicates a significant relationship between the variables. Result: Out of 185 patients received for osteoarthritis of the lower limbs during the study period, 136 were obese (74%). There were 115 women (84.6%) with an average age of 56.03 with a standard deviation of 12.72 years (extremes: 22 and 84 years). The main socio-professional category was the informal sector (30%). The majority of patients had a low socio-economic level (80.2%) and lived in urban areas (92.6%). The most common past medical history was hypertension (33.08%) followed by peptic ulcer disease (16.91%). Patients had a body mass index class 1 (81.6%), class 2 (15.40%) and class 3 (2.90%). The average duration of symptom progression until diagnosis was 11 months. Genu varum was the main static disorder (56.10%) and the knee joint was the dominant topography (90.4%) with a bilateral localization (80%). The average Lequesne index was greater than 8 (59.5%). The Kellgren and Lawrence radiographic stages were stage 1 (9.20%), stage 2 (46.90%), stage 3 (29.20%) and stage 4 (6.90%).

关键词： Osteoarthritis Lower Limbs Obesity Abidjan

Effects of music and video on perceived exertion during high-intensity exercise

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第1期6卷 81-88页

作者： enoch C.Chow Jennifer L.Etnier Department of Kinesiology University of North Carolina at GreensboroGreensboroNC 27412USA

Background: Dissociative attentional stimuli(e.g., music, video) are effective in decreasing ratings of perceived exertion(RPE) during low-tomoderate intensity exercise, but have inconsistent results during exercise at higher intensity. The purpose of this study was to assess attentional focus and RPE during high-intensity exercise as a function of being exposed to music, video, both(music and video), or a no-treatment control ***: During the first session, healthy men(n = 15) completed a maximal fitness test to determine the workload necessary for high-intensity exercise(operationalized as 125% ventilatory threshold) to be performed during subsequent sessions. On 4 subsequent days, they completed 20 min of high-intensity exercise in a no-treatment control condition or while listening to music, watching a video, or both. Attentional focus, RPE,heart rate, and distance covered were measured every 4 min during the ***: Music and video in combination resulted in significantly lower RPE across time(partial η~2= 0.36) and the size of the effect increased over time(partial η~2= 0.14). Additionally, music and video in combination resulted in a significantly more dissociative focus than the other conditions(partial η~2= 0.29).Conclusion: Music and video in combination may result in lower perceived exertion during high-intensity exercise when compared to music or video in isolation. Future research will be necessary to test if reductions in perceived exertion in response to dissociative attentional stimuli have implications for exercise adherence.

关键词： Acute exercise Attentional focus Effort Perceived exertion

History, current status, and prospects of soybean production and research in sub-Saharan Africa

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The Crop Journal 2018年第3期6卷 226-235页

作者： Dalia Mohamedkheir Khojely Seifeldin Elrayah Ibrahim enoch Sapey Tianfu Han MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing) Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Gezira Research Station Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC) Oil Palm Breeding and Genetics CSIR-Oil Palm Research Institute

Soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merr.) is a non-native and non-staple crop in sub-Saharan Africa(SSA) with potential to be a commercial crop owing to its wide range of uses as food, feed,and industrial raw material. Soybean was first introduced to SSA by Chinese traders in the19 th century and was cultivated as an economic crop as early as 1903 in South Africa. In the past four decades, soybean cultivation area and production in SSA has increased exponentially, from about 20,000 ha and 13,000 t in the early 1970 s to 1,500,000 ha and2,300,000 t in 2016. Soybean yield has been stagnant in SSA for decades at about 1.1 t ha^(-1),much lower than the world average, representing one of the most challenging issues in the soybean industry in SSA. The low soybean yield in SSA can be attributed to the use of poorperforming varieties and to the limited application of fertilizers and rhizobial inoculants in soils with no history of soybean production. South Africa, Nigeria, Zambia, and Uganda are the leading soybean producers in SSA. Soybean research in SSA is conducted by international and national research institutions, including IITA, national soybean improvement programs, universities, and the private sector. Between 1970 and 2011, 195 soybean varieties were released by IITA, private breeders, and national soybean improvement programs in SSA. This paper reviews the history and current state of soybean production and of the utilization and adoption of tropical varieties in SSA, addresses the major soybean yield-limiting factors across the region, and discusses the potential of the soybean industry in SSA. It also highlights soybean improvement efforts and lessons learned from previous soybean improvement efforts and the current progress of some national soybean improvement programs in SSA. Opportunities for scaling up tropical soybean as a major crop across SSA countries are promising.

关键词： Soybean Sub-Saharan Africa(SSA) History Current status Prospects

A roadmap for breeding orphan leafy vegetable species: a case study of Gynandropsis gynandra (Cleomaceae)

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Horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 903-917页

作者： E.O.Deedi Sogbohossou enoch G.Achigan-Dako Patrick Maundu Svein Solberg Edgar M.S.Deguenon Rita H.Mumm Iago hale Allen Van Deynze M.Eric Schranz Biosystematics Group Wageningen UniversityPostbus 6476700APWageningenThe Netherlands Laboratory of Genetics Horticulture and Seed SciencesFaculty of Agronomic SciencesUniversity of Abomey-CalaviBP 2549Abomey-CalaviBenin Kenya Resource Center for Indigenous Knowledge(KENRIK) Centre for BiodiversityNational Museums of KenyaMuseum HillP.O.Box 40658Nairobi00100Kenya World Vegetable Center(AVRDC) P.O.Box 42ShanhuaTainan74199Taiwan NGO Hortitechs Developpement 02 BP 1111CotonouBenin Department of Crop Sciences University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignIL61801USA Department of Agriculture Nutritionand Food SystemsUniversity of New HampshireDurhamNH03824USA Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCA95616USA

Despite an increasing awareness of the potential of“orphan”or unimproved crops to contribute to food security and enhanced livelihoods for farmers,coordinated research agendas to facilitate production and use of orphan crops by local communities are generally *** provide an overview of the current knowledge on leafy vegetables with a focus on Gynandropsis gynandra,a highly nutritious species used in Africa and Asia,and highlight general and species-specific guidelines for participatory,genomics-assisted breeding of orphan *** steps in genome-enabled orphan leafy vegetables improvement are identified and discussed in the context of Gynandropsis gynandra breeding,including:(1)germplasm collection and management;(2)product target definition and refinement;(3)characterization of the genetic control of key traits;(4)design of the‘process’for cultivar development;(5)integration of genomic data to optimize that‘process’;(6)multi-environmental participatory testing and end-user evaluation;and(7)crop value chain *** review discusses each step in detail,with emphasis on improving leaf yield,phytonutrient content,organoleptic quality,resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and post-harvest management.

关键词： breeding crops cultivar

Impacts of climate change on the yields of leguminous crops in the Guinea Savanna agroecological zone of Ghana

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Regional Sustainability 2023年第2期4卷 139-149页

作者： enoch YELELIERE Philip ANTWI-AGYEI Frank BAFFOUR-ATA Department of Environmental Science College of ScienceKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana

The impacts of climate change on crop yields are receiving renewed interest,with focus on cereals and staple crops at the regional and national ***,the impacts of climate change on the yields of leguminous crops in the local context has not been ***,an in-depth understanding of climate change in the local context may support the design of locally relevant adaptation responses to current and future climate *** study examined the impacts of climate variables(annual rainfall,annual average temperature,rainfall indices(rainfall onset,rainfall cessation,and the length of rainy days),and the number of dry days)on the yields of leguminous crops(groundnuts,cowpeas,and soybeans)in the Guinea Savanna agroecological zone of Ghana during the period of *** data were analysed using Mann-Kendall’s trend,Sen’s slope test,correlation analysis,and Multiple Regression Analysis(MRA).The findings revealed that annual rainfall,annual average temperature,rainfall onset,rainfall cessation,and the length of rainy days,and the number of dry days all showed varied impacts on the yields of groundnuts,cowpeas,and *** trend analysis detected a marginal decrease in the amount of rainfall,rainfall onset,and the number of dry days from 1989 to 2020(P>0.050).Annual average temperature and the length of rainy days substantially varied(P<0.050)from 1989 to 2020,showing an increasing *** findings also showed a marked upward trend for the yields of groundnuts,cowpeas,and soybeans during *** climate variables analysed above increased the yields of groundnuts,cowpeas,and soybeans by 49.0%,55.0%,and 69.0%,*** yields of groundnuts,cowpeas,and soybeans fluctuated with the variability of 30.0%,28.0%,and 27.0%from 2005 to 2020,*** three leguminous crops under study demonstrated unpredictable yields due to the variations of annual rainfall,annual average temperature,rainfall onset,rainfall cessation,the length of rainy days,and

关键词： Climate change Leguminous crops(groundnuts,cowpeas,and soybeans) Guinea Savanna Annual average temperature Rainfall indices Number of dry days