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Risk of hepatitis B viru. reactivation in cancer patients u.dergoing treatment with tyrosine kinase-inhibitors

World Jou.nal of Gastroenterology 2024年第24期30卷 3052-3058页

作者： Bansi P Savaliya Ramin Shekou.i Fatima Mu.arak Harsheen K Manaise Paola Berrios Jimenez Gabrielle Kowkabany Reed A Popp Kyle Popp emmanuel Gabriel Department of Su.gery Medical Academy Named after SI Georgievsky of Vernadsky Crimean Federal UniversitySimferopol 295015CrimeaRussia Division of Plastic and Reconstru.tive Su.gery Department of SurgeryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32608United States Department of Su.gery Aga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800SindhPakistan Department of Su.gery Government Medical College and HospitalChandigarh 160030PunjabIndia Department of Su.gery University of Puerto Rico School of MedicineSan Juan 00921Puerto Rico Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487United States Department of Su.gery University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFL 32610United States Department of Su.gery Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306United States Department of Su.gery Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224United States

This editorial commented on an article in the World Jou.nal of Gastroenterology titled“Risks of Reactivation of Hepatitis B Viru. in Oncological Patients u.ing Tyrosine Kinase-Inhibitors:Case Report and Literatu.e Analysis”by Colapietro et *** this editorial,we focu.ed on providing a more comprehensive exploration of hepatitis B viru. reactivation(HBVr)associated with the u.age of tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs).It inclu.es insights into the mechanisms u.derlying HBV reactivation,the temporal relationship between TKIs and HBV reactivation,and preventive *** aim is to u.derstand the need for nu.leos(t)ide analogs(NAT)and serial blood tests for early recognition of reactivation and acu.e liver inju.y,along with management *** are considered to be an intermediate(1%-10%)of *** gu.delines stipu.ate that patients receiving therapy with high or moderate risks of reactivation or recent cancer diagnosis mu.t have at least tested hepatitis B su.face antigen,anti-hepatitis B core antigen(HBc),and anti-hepatitis B su.face ***-HBc screening in highly endemic areas means people with negative tests shou.d be vaccinated against *** or nu.leotide analogs(NAs)like entecavir(ETV),tenofovir disoproxil fu.arate(TDF),and tenofovir alafenamide(TAF)form the basis of HBV reactivation prophylaxis and treatment du.ing ***,lamivu.ine,telbivu.ine,and adefovir are generally discou.aged du. to their redu.ed antiviral efficacy and higher risk of fostering dru.-resistant viral ***,these less effective NAs may still be u.ilized in cases where ETV,TDF,and TAF are not feasible treatment options.

关键词： Hepatitis B viru. Reactivation Chronic hepatitis B Tyrosine-kinase inhibitor Immu.omodu.ators Immu.osu.pressant Nu.leoside analogu. Hemato-oncology

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Cancer treatment with biosimilar dru.s:A review

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Cancer Innovation 2024年第2期3卷 45-62页

作者： Shilpa Malakar emmanuel Nu.h Gontor Moses YDu.baye Kamal Shah Sakshi Sinha Priya Su.aoney Nagendra Singh Chau.an Department of Microbiology Kalinga UniversityRaipurChhattisgarhIndia Institu.e of Pharmaceu.ical Research GLA UniversityMathuraUttar PradeshIndia Dru. Testing Laboratory Avam Anusandhan KendraRaipurChhattisgarhIndia

Biosimilars are biological dru.s created from living organisms or that contain living *** share an identical amino-acid sequ.nce and *** dru.s are considered to be cost-effective and are u.ilized in the treatment of cancer and other endocrine *** primary aim of biosimilars is to predict biosimilarity,efficacy,and treatment costs;they are approved by the Food and Dru. Administration(FDA)and have no clinical *** involve analytical stu.ies to u.derstand the similarities and dissimilarities.A biosimilar manu.actu.er sets u. FDA-approved reference produ.ts to evalu.te *** contribu.ion of next-generation sequ.ncing is evolving to stu.y the organ tu.or and its progression with its impactfu. therapeu.ic approach on cancer patients to showcase and target rare *** stu.y shall help to u.derstand the fu.u.e perspectives of biosimilars for u.e in gastro-entero-logic diseases,colorectal cancer,and thyroid *** also help target specific organs with essential mu.ational categories and dru. prototypes in clinical practices with blood and liqu.d biopsy,cell treatment,gene therapy,recombinant therapeu.ic proteins,and personalized *** derivatives su.h as monoclonal antibodies like trastu.u.ab and ritu.imab are common dru.s u.ed in cancer *** coli produ.es more than six antibodies or antibody-derived proteins to treat cancer su.h as filgrastim,epoetin alfa,and so on.

关键词： biologics biosimilars cancer Escherichia coli monoclonal antibody next-generation sequ.ncing pharmacovigilance

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Antimicrobial Activities of Extracts of Macrosphyra longistyla against Gram-Positive Oral Biofilm-Formers from School Children in Sou.hwestern Nigeria and Toxicity Stu.ies u.ing Brine Shrimps

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第3期14卷 163-174页

作者： Chu.wu.meka emmanuel Nwankwo Onikepe Folarin Adeleke Osho Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Natural Sciences Redeemer’s University Ede Nigeria African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectiou. Diseases (ACEGID) Redeemer’s University Ede Nigeria

The world will benefit from more effective antimicrobial agents against oral conditions arising from the actions of biofilm forming bacteria. Also, information is lacking on the oral biofilm-forming bacterial diversity in Sou.hwestern Nigeria. In this stu.y, we isolate and characterize oral biofilm produ.ing bacteria in the oral cavities of schoolchildren in Sou.hwestern Nigeria. We also investigate the antimicrobial properties of Macrosphyra longistyla extracts against the biofilm-formers and the toxicity of potent extracts. Samples were obtained from 109 schoolchildren aged 4 - 14 years from Lagos, Oyo and Osu. States. Agar well diffu.ion techniqu. was u.ed in the antimicrobial su.ceptibility testing. Toxicity testing was done u.ing brine shrimps (Artemia salina). Biofilm-formers in this stu.y are Klebsiella sp., Streptococcu. sp., Staphylococcu. sp., and Micrococcu. sp. Ethanol leaf extracts had the highest activity against all biofilm-produ.ing bacteria. Ethanol stem bark extract, which elicited activity against Klebsiella only, was fou.d to be less toxic than the ethanol leaf extract. Staphylococcu. showed >10 mm su.ceptibility to the ethanol and aqu.ou. extracts of Macrosphyra longistyla. Streptococcu. and Micrococcu. were su.ceptible to the antimicrobial actions of the ethanolic leaf extracts. Althou.h the ethanol extracts of the leaves had lower minimu. inhibitory concentrations than the ethanol extracts of the stem bark, toxicity stu.ies showed ethanol extracts of the stem-bark to be more toxic than the ethanol extracts of the leaves. In conclu.ion, ethanolic extracts of Macrosphyra longistyla show potential as sou.ces of antimicrobials against gram-positive, oral biofilm-forming bacteria.

关键词： Biofilms Plant Extracts Toxicity Bacteria Su.ceptibility Antimicrobial

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Effect of Lateritic Stone Aggregate and Coconu. Hu.k Fiber on the Properties of Concrete

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Open Jou.nal of Civil Engineering 2024年第2期14卷 240-257页

作者： Edmu.d Borbi Hu.phrey Danso emmanuel Appiah-Ku.i Department of Constru.tion Technology and Management Edu.ation Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development Kumasi Ghana Department of Architectu.e and Civil Engineering Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development Kumasi Ghana

Natu.al stone aggregate forms the bu.k volu.e of concrete and has contribu.ed to the increased cost of concrete produ.tion. This has led to the search for alternate aggregates su.h as lateritic stone for concrete produ.tion. This paper investigates the engineering properties of concrete produ.ed with lateritic aggregate (LA) as the coarse aggregate replacement and coconu. hu.k fibre (CHF) as reinforcement. Natu.al stone aggregate was replaced by LA at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, with 0.25% constant CHF by weight. A mix proportion of 1:1.5:3 with a water-cement ratio of 0.6 was u.ed for produ.ing concrete. A total of 162 specimens (90 cu.es and 72 beams) were prepared and tested at the 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of cu.ing. The highest compressive strength was 43.36 N/mm2 (10% LA replacement) as compared to the control of 41.51 N/mm2. The 10% LA replacement obtained the highest flexu.al strength of 5.35 N/mm2 as compared with the 5.29 N/mm2 for the control. The water absorption of the concrete increased from 2.8% (control) to 3.57% (50% replacement LA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed micro gaps between CHF and LA concrete. The stu.y, therefore, conclu.es that the u.e of LA and CHF positively influ.nced the strength properties of concrete. 10% LA replacement of coarse aggregate and 0.25% CHF is recommended to practitioners for u.e.

关键词： Concrete Coarse Aggregate Compressive Strength Flexu.al Strength Natu.al Stone Aggregate SEM

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Oral Hygiene in the Presence of Orthodontic Therapy

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Jou.nal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 98-110页

作者： emmanuel John Aryeetey Hicham Benyahia Fatima Zaou. Facu.ty of Dental Medicine Mohammed University in Rabat Rabat Morocco

Orthodontic treatment offers great advantages in improving facial and smile aesthetics, self-confidence and the fu.ction of the stomatognathic apparatu.. The pu.su.t of these advantages makes u.e of orthodontic appliances that cou.d be fixed or removable. However, it’s worth stating that these appliances interfere with tooth bru.hing, making it more difficu.t to bru.h teeth effectively. Orthodontics appliances therefore promote the accu.u.ation of dental plaqu., which resu.ts in both qu.ntitative and qu.litative changes in the oral microbiota, hence, exposing patients to several adverse effects su.h as White spot lesions, dental caries, periodontal pathologies and halitosis. For this reason, oral assessment of patients before, du.ing and after treatment is necessary as well as oral hygiene instru.tions and motivation. Orthodontists therefore, shou.d edu.ate patients on oral and periodontal hygiene in order to control dental and periodontal complications. Prescriptions of plaqu. control materials adapted to each patient are done in order to optimize the final resu.t and minimize u.wanted complications.

关键词： Orthodontic Treatment Oral Microbiome Oral Hygiene Periodontitis Gingivitis Orthodontic Fixed Appliances Orthodontic Removable Appliances White Spot Lesions (WSL)

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Persicaria lanigera (Polygonaceae) leaf extract exhibits antiu.cerogenic and antiproliferative activities against acetic acid-indu.ed u.cerative colitis and cotton pellet-indu.ed granu.oma tissu. in rats

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Asian Pacific Jou.nal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第7期14卷 269-278页

作者： Meshack Antwi-Adjei Ernest Obese emmanuel Awintiig Adaku.u.u.Benjamin Aboagye Daniel Anokwah Aku. Afriyie Karikari Roberta Antwi-Adjei Elvis Ofori Ameyaw Department of Pharmacology School of Medical SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Pharmacotherapeu.ics and Pharmacy Practice School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Forensic Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Biomedical Sciences School of Allied Health SciencesCollege of Agriculture and Natural SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana

Objective:To assess the effect of leaf extract of Persicaria lanigera on cotton pellet-indu.ed granu.oma tissu. formation and acetic acid-indu.ed u.cerative ***:Rats were randomly divided into six grou.s:normal control,negative control,positive control(dexamethasone or su.fasalazine)as well as Persicaria lanigera(100-600 mg/kg)-treated *** effects of the extracts on body weight,antioxidant,and hematological parameters,as well as mast cell proliferation,were *** addition,a histological evalu.tion was ***:Persicaria lanigera extract significantly decreased the mean exu.ate amou.t and su.pressed granu.oma tissu. formation in a concentration-dependent manner in rats(Pu.ed the disease activity index score and malondialdehyde level,as well as enhanced catalase and su.eroxide dismu.ase activities(Pu.tion showed Persicaria lanigera extract alleviated acetic acid-indu.ed colonic damages,as evidenced by decreased cell necrosis,edema,and inflammatory cell ***:Persicaria lanigera extract possesses antiproliferative,antioxidative,and anti-colitis ***,its u.derlying mechanisms of action need fu.ther investigation.

关键词： Colitis Persicaria lanigera Antioxidant Cotton pellets Mast cells Granu.oma tissu. formation

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Mu.ti-site Passivation of ZnO Metal Oxides via Biomolecu.es for Efficient and Highly Stable Organic Solar Cells

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Chinese Jou.nal of Chemistry 2024年第14期42卷 1582-1592页

作者： Irfan Ismail Maria Khalil Xiaomei Gao Xingze Chen Mu.ammad Jawad Rong Hu.ng Zhiyu. Li emmanuel Acheampong Tsiwah Wei-shi Li Qu. Lu. Chang-Qi Ma i-Lab&Printable Electronics Research Center Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics(SINANO)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)SuzhouJiangsu215123 China u.iversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences(u.AS) Beijing100040 China School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics University of Science and Technology of China(USTC)HefeiAnhui230027 China Shanghai Institu.e of Organic Chemistry(SIOC) Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Shanghai200032 China Vacu.m Interconnected Nanotech Workstation(Nano-X) SuzhouJiangsu215123 China

ZnO nanoparticles(nps)among metal oxide(MOs)are proven to be essential electron transporting layers(ETLs)applied in organic solar cells(OSCs).However,intrinsic defects,interfacial charge recombination,and catalytic behavior towards the active layer restrict the applications of ZnO nps for efficient and long-term stable *** commonly available biomolecu.e cytidine 5'-monophosphate(CMP-OH)with phosphonic acid,its salt cytidine 5'-monophosphate disodiu. salt(CMP-ONa)with a phosphate grou. as an anchoring grou. and conju.ated terminal fu.ctional in both analogou. molecu.es provide carrier transfer bridge at bottom interface of the active *** theoretical investigations and characterizations have discovered the mu.ti-site coordination of CMP-OH towards acceptor molecu.es and ZnO *** du.l-side alignment of CMP analogou. molecu.es hinders interfacial charge recombination and enhances charge transfer potential at ***,PM6:L8-BO-based OSCs with modified ETL obtain 18.13%efficiency,12%higher than that of u.modified *** higher efficiency,CMP-OH-based OSC devices illu.trate remarkably improved thermal stability for 500 h at 85℃with 72%of initial PCE and operation stability for 2000 h with 90.1%of initial *** work reveals the passivation mechanism of mu.ti-anchoring grou.s towards MOs and single-fu.ctional grou.s towards the active layer to optimize the interface for efficient and highly stable OSCs.

关键词： Organic solar cells Nanoparticles Nu.leotides Interfacial interactions Su.face chemistry Mu.ti-site passivation

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检查清单和错误报告系统在提高患者安全和减少医疗差错方面的有效性:叙述性回顾

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International Jou.nal of Nu.sing Sciences 2024年第3期11卷 387-398页

作者： emmanuel Aou.i Chance Dia Florence Innocent Sardi Abdou. VID Specialized u.iversity BergenNorway u.iversite de Bertou. Cameroon u.iverity of Ngaou.dere Cameroon

目的探讨检查清单和错误报告系统对医院患者安全和医疗错误的影响。方法系统检索2013-2023年的学术数据库,对符合纳入标准的同行评议研究进行严谨的方法学评估。该综述强调了支持核对表在减少用药错误、手术并发症和其他不良事件方面的... 详细信息

目的探讨检查清单和错误报告系统对医院患者安全和医疗错误的影响。方法系统检索2013-2023年的学术数据库,对符合纳入标准的同行评议研究进行严谨的方法学评估。该综述强调了支持核对表在减少用药错误、手术并发症和其他不良事件方面的有效性证据。错误报告系统提高了透明度,鼓励专业人员报告事件并识别系统漏洞。结果检查表和错误报告系统相互关联,在检查表的实施中强调跨专业合作。文章中使用的不同方法和潜在的发表偏倚可能产生局限性;此外,语言限制可能会排除有价值的非英语研究。虽然积极的影响是显而易见的,但成功取决于组织文化和资源。结论通过查阅相关文献,强调干预措施的重要性,并呼吁进一步研究检查清单和错误报告系统在不同医疗保健和文化背景下的有效性,有助于提高患者安全知识。了解这些动态变化对于医疗保健提供者优化患者安全至关重要。

关键词：患者安全医疗错误检查表错误报告系统健康状况

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u.intended Pregnancy Determinants among Antenatal Clinic Attendees: A u.iversity of Port Harcou.t Teaching Hospital Experience

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Jou.nal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第4期12卷 229-245页

作者： Ijeoma Chioma Oppah Terhemen Kasso emmanuel Okwu.ili Oranu Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria

An u.intended pregnancy is a pregnancy that is either mistimed or u.planned. The objectives of this stu.y were to determine the prevalence of u.intended pregnancy as well as to docu.ent the determinant factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at the u.iversity of Port Harcou.t Teaching Hospital (u.TH), Port Harcou.t, Rivers State, Nigeria. It was a descriptive, cross-sectional stu.y of 215 women attending the antenatal clinic of u.TH from Ju.y to Au.u.t 2022. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, reprodu.tive history, desirability of the cu.rent pregnancy at the time of conception, knowledge and u.e of contraceptive methods were collected u.ing a pretested qu.stionnaire and analyzed u.ing SPSS version 26.0. Chi-squ.re test was u.ed for test of associations with the level of significance set at P u.intended pregnancy from the stu.y was 16.28% (≈16%). The contraceptive awareness was very high (209, 97.21%), however, 101 (46.98%) participants had never u.ed any form of contraceptives. u.ivariate analysis u.ing Chi-squ.re test showed a statistically significant association between age and u.intended pregnancy (P = 0.042), level of edu.ation and u.wanted pregnancy (P = 0.033) as well as parity and u.intended pregnancy (P = 0.019). The prevalence of u.intended pregnancy among women attending antenatal clinics was high, possibly du. to low contraceptive u.age. More efforts shou.d be geared towards ensu.ing access to comprehensive contraceptive care and contraceptive methods, this will enhance u.take and redu.e the rate of u.intended pregnancy.

关键词： u.intended Pregnancy Determinants Prevalence Antenatal Attendees

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Influ.nce of Produ.tion Factors on the Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Fermented Cassava Dou.h and Sensory Evalu.tion of Attieke

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Food and Nu.rition Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 361-376页

作者： Weiléko Hélène Dou.ba Djedjro Clément Akmel emmanuel Aya Diane Bou.ou.n Dibi Nogbou.emmanuel Assidjo Laboratory of Indu.trial Processes for Environmental Synthesis and New Energies Institut National Polytechnique F&#233lix Yamoussoukro C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Department of Agro-Food and Food Indu.tries UFR Agriculture Fisheries Resources and Agro-Industry University of San-Pedro San-Pedro C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

Attieke is an Ivorian semolina which obtained by fermenting, pressing and steaming cassava dou.h. Attieke produ.tion remains a traditional activity carried ou. by less literate women. However, perceived differences in measu.able factors and attieke qu.lities requ.re an investigation of their influ.nce on the characteristics of the pressed dou.h and attieke. The aim of this stu.y is to improve the qu.lity of the dou.h in relation to that of the attieke produ.ed. The experiment was carried ou. on 4 produ.tion factors, namely the type of boiled or braised ferment, the incorporation rate of the ferment between 8 and 10%, the addition of oil from 0.1 to 1% and the fermentation time from 12 to 15 hou.s applied to the Improved African Cassava (IAC) variety. A complete experiment design of 16 samples of fermented dou.h and attieke was employed. These samples u.derwent physic-chemical analyses for the fermented dou.h and sensory evalu.tion for the attieke. It was fou.d that, except for titratable acidity, redu.ing su.ar content and ash content, the physico-chemical characteristics of the dou.h of IAC variety were significantly influ.nced by all produ.tion factors and their interaction. Fermentation time significantly influ.nces 60% of the physico-chemical characteristics of the fermented dou.h. The type of ferment, the oil addition and the ferment rate have a significant influ.nce at 40% of these characteristics. At the sensory level, color, acidity and grain binding with an explained variance of 34.60% were essential for the appreciation of the attieke samples. Thu., these produ.tion factors cou.d be considered for the improvement of the fermented dou.h and attieke produ.tion process.

关键词： Influ.nce Produ.tion Fermented Dou.h Attieke

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