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Application of Power Electronics and Control for Dual Battery Packs Management with Voltage Balancing and State of Charge Estimation

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Energy and Power Engineering 2022年第12期14卷 762-780页

作者： Stuart Brown Tsafack Pierre Fendji Marie Danielle emmanuel tanyi Musong L. Katche Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Energy storage, such as lead acid batteries, is necessary for renewable energy sources’ autonomy because of their intermittent nature, which makes them more frequently used than traditional energy sources to reduce operating costs. The battery storage system has to be monitored and managed to prevent serious problems such as battery overcharging, over-discharging, overheating, battery unbalancing, thermal runaway, and fire dangers. For voltage balancing between batteries in the pack throughout the charging period and the SOC estimate, a modified lossless switching mechanism is used in this research’s suggested battery management system. The OCV state of charge calculation, in the beginning, was used in conjunction with the coulomb counting approach to estimate the SOC. The results reveal that correlation factor K has an average value of 0.3 volts when VM ≥ 12 V and an average value of 0.825 when VM ≤ 12 V. The battery monitoring system revealed that voltage balancing was accomplished during the charging process in park one after 80 seconds with a SOC difference of 1.4% between Batteries 1 and 2. On the other hand, the system estimates the state of charge during the discharging process in two packs, with a maximum DOD of 10.8 V for all batteries. The project’s objectives were met since the BMS estimated SOC and achieved voltage balance.

关键词： State of Charge Battery Management System Lead Acid Battery

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Application of Power Electronics and Control for Dual Battery Packs Management with Voltage Balancing and State of Charge Estimation

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Energy and Power Engineering（能源与动力工程） 2022年第12期

作者： Stuart Brown Tsafack Pierre Fendji Marie Danielle emmanuel tanyi Musong L. Katche

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DPPH antiradical scavenging, anthelmintic and phytochemical studies of Cissus poulnea rhizomes

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第4期11卷 280-284页

作者： Jean Noel Nyemb Roland Ndoubalem emmanuel Talla Alembert Tiabou Tchinda Dieudonne Ndjonka Celine Henoumont Sophie Laurent Joseph tanyi Mbafor Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaounde IP.O.Box 812YaoundeCameroon Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of NgaoundereP.O.Box454NgaoundereCameroon Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM) Ministry of Scientific Research and InnovationP.O.Box 6163 YaoundeCameroon Department of Biology Faculty of Science University of NgaoundereP.O. Box 454 Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of General Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy University of Mons NMR and Molecular Imaging LaboratoryB-7000 Mons Belgium

Objective: To investigate the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anthelmintic activities of the crude methanol extract of Cissus populnea(C. populnea) rhizomes. Methods: Phytochemical screening was performed using standard protocols, and column chromatography of silica gel was used for the compounds isolation. DPPH antiradical scavenging assay was performed in order to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Total phenolic content was evaluated using the Folin–Ciocalteu assay. The anthelmintic activity was screened on the bovine adult male forms of parasitic nematode Onchocerca ochengi, by the in vitro evaluation of the inhibition of adult worm motility and mortality. Worms were incubated in the presence of different concentrations of the plant extract and effects on survival were monitored after 24 and 48 h. Results: The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, saponins, steroids, tannins, and terpenoids. Bergenin and a mixture of phytosterol, β-sitosterol and stigmasterol were isolated from this extract and were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry and by comparison with published data. The crude methanol extract of C. populnea rhizomes showed a strong DPPH antiradical activity with a good amount of total phenolic content((20.69±2.13) g gallic acid equivalent/100 g of extract) and significant anthelmintic activity comparable to the standard drug ivermectin. Bergenin was found to be inactive even after 72 h of incubation. Conclusions: This study constitutes the first report on the anthelmintic activity of this plant and supports the traditional use of C. populnea as a natural antioxidant and anthelmintic.

关键词： Cissus populnea Onchocerca ochengi Antioxidant Phenolic compounds Phytochemical constituent Bergenin

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Risk Factors Contributing to Microbiological Contamination of Boreholes and Hand Dug Wells Water in the Vina Division, Adamawa, Cameroon

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Advances in Microbiology 2021年第2期11卷 90-108页

作者： Tangwa Bernard Viban Okah-Nnane Ndode Herman Tangwa Clotilda Layu Oumarou Palou Madi emmanuel N. Nfor Manchang tanyi Kingsly Bah Germanus Ngu Ngwa Victor Ngakou Albert Institute of Agricultural Research for Development Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Chemistry University of Buea SWR Buea Cameroon Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine University of Buea Buea Cameroon University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

This study examined the sanitary conditions of public boreholes and hand dug wells water in relation to pathogenic bacteria isolated in water samples. To assess the suitability of drinking water, sanitary inspection of surroundings of the sources was conducted, membrane filtration technic was used to trap the microorganisms in the water sample and other standard microbiological technics were applied to check the heterotrophic plate counts, total coliforms, fecal coliforms and some pathogenic bacteria in the samples. It was observed that there were no delineated protection zones around many boreholes (61.19%) and in almost all hand dug wells;thus, hand dug wells were pruned to more contamination than boreholes. Heterotrophic plate counts of boreholes were significantly different between (p E. coli 157H in some. Risk assessment of factors contributing to water contamination showed that: pumps manipulation with feet, other sources of contamination such as wastewater dumps, within 10m were significantly associated to boreholes contamination with Salmonella spp, Staphylococcus aureuse, fecal coliform (p = 0.01);in hand dug wells, presence of latrine or septic tank soak-away within 10 m of the wells, poor depth and lack of internal lining, uncapped wells, presence of trees near the wells, animal and birds feces, were significant and associated to contamination with Salmonela spp., B. cepaceae, S. aureus E. coli 1 (p < 0.05). Generally water collection points are marked with very poor sanitary conditions and this situation may not change unless the contaminating risk factors are fixed and sanitary measures are taken.

关键词： Boreholes Hand Dug Wells Risk Factors Sanitation E. coli 157H Public Health

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