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Detection and Mapping of Violent Crime Hotspots in Southwestern Nigeria

Journal of Geographic Information System 2023年第3期15卷 334-365页

作者： Michael Ajide Oyinloye Suleiman Abdul-Azeez Adegboyega Francis Omowonuola Akinluyi Akinola Adesuji Komolafe Joseph Olusola Akinyede Olabanji Odunayo Aladejana Samuel olumide Akande Department of Urban and Regional Planning Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria Department of Remote Sensing and Geoinfomatics Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria Centre for Space Research and Applications Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria

The increasing rate of insecurity in Nigeria, especially the southwest requires a paradigm shift from popular approach to crime hotspots detection. This study employed geospatial technologies to integrate spatio-temporal crime, social media and field observation data from the communities in all the six states in the southwest to develop crime hotspots that can serve as preliminary information to assist in allocating resources for crime control and prevention. Historical crime data from January 1972 to April, 2021 were compiled and updated with rigorous field survey in September, 2021. The field data were encoded, input to the SPSS 17 and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis. A total 936 crime locations data were geolocated and exported to ArcGIS 10.5 for spatial mapping using point map operation and further imported to e-Spatial web-based and QGIS for the generation of hotspot map using heatmap tool. The results revealed that armed robbery, assassination and cultism were more pronounced in Lagos and Ogun States. Similarly, high incidences of farmers/herdsmen conflicts are observed in Oyo and Osun States. Increasing incidences of kidnapping are common in all the south-western states but very prominent in Ondo, Lagos and Oyo States. Most of the violent crime incidents took place along the highways, with forests being their hideouts. Violent crimes are dominantly caused by high rate of unemployment while farmer/herdsmen conflicts were majorly triggered by the scarcity of grazing fields and destruction of arable crops. The conflicts have resulted in the increasing cases of rape and disruption of social group, intake of hard drugs, cult-related activities, low income and revenue generation, and displacement of farmers and infrastructural damages. The study advocates regular retraining and equipping of security agents, establishment of cattle ranch, and installation of sophisticated IP Camera at the crime hotspots to assist in real-time crime mo

关键词： Violent Crimes Crime Hotspots Detection Geospatial Technologies Temporal Crime Data Real-Time Crime Information

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Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Effect of Bitter Kola (<i>Garcinia kola</i>) Seed Extract on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Albino Rats

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第6期8卷 127-134页

作者： Ibanga I. Etim Nkereuwem S. Etukudoh Olaniru B. olumide Obeta M. Uchejeso Nwapi L. Lucy Fiyaktu Y. Bwotle Department of Chemical Pathology Federal School of Medical Laboratory Science Jos Nigeria Department of Haematology Federal School of Medical Laboratory Science Jos Nigeria Department of Chemical Pathology Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos Nigeria

The treatment and management of diabetes mellitus has been a challenge to achieve a total cure using conventional drugs. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of bitter kola (Garcinia kola) seed extract on alloxan-induced diabetic rats were studied as a local product. Albino rats weighing about 200 g were investigated in groups using 200 - 800 mg/kg weight of bitter kola seed extract and the sample examined for glucose and lipid profiles using enzymatic methods and statistically analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) windows, version 20.0. The results were expressed as the Mean ± SD. The results for the serum glucose and low density lipoprotein cholesterols (LDL-C) concentrations of untreated diabetic rats, and treated rats showed a significant (P 0.05) from 200 - 800 mg/kg weight when compared with the controls. High density lipoproteins (HDL-C) concentrations for untreated diabetic rats, and treated rats showed increase in concentration which was significant (P Garcinia kola) seed extract.

关键词： Hypoglycemia Hypolipidemia Bitter Kola Diabetic Mellitus

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Pre-Operative Hyponatremia in a High Dependency Cardiovascular Surgical Center of a Tertiary Health Facility in Nigeria: Risk Factors, Prevalence, Clinical Correlates and Treatment Outcome. A Retrospective Cohort Study

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2020年第3期10卷 288-301页

作者： Peter K. Uduagbamen Michael Sanusi olumide B. Udom Omotayo F. Salami Adedeji D. Adebajo Oluwaseyi J. Alao Osaze Ehioghae Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Internal Medicine Ben Carson (Snr) School of Medicine Babcock University/Babcock University Teaching Hospital Ilishan-Remo Nigeria Tristate Heart and Vascular Centre Babcock University Teaching Hospital Ilishan-Remo Nigeria Intensive Care Unit Department of Surgery Ben Carson (Snr) School of Medicine Babcock University/Babcock University Teaching Hospital Ilishan-Remo Nigeria

Introduction: Hyponatremia is the commonest electrolyte derangement seen in medical and surgical wards and in high dependency treatment units. It is associated with prolonged hospital stay, high economic burden and increased morbidity and mortality. Hyponatremia is well reported in medical and surgical conditions but literature is scanty concerning its relationship with treatment outcome in patients managed in high dependency heart and vascular surgical centers. Objectives: To determine the prevalence, determinants, clinical correlates and outcome of pre-operative hyponatremia. Methods: Retrospective study involving patients that had surgery (cardiac and vascular) between January 2015 and December 2019. Data were obtained from patients’ case files, perioperative and intensive unit charts. All participants with preoperative hyponatremia had their serum sodium corrected to ≥135 mmol before surgical incision and those with hypernatremia had their sodium corrected to Results: Of the 305 participants (186 males and 119 females), pre-operative hyponatremia was found in 30.8% and normonatremia in 59.7%. Pre-operative hyponatremia was more common in advance age, overweight, those presenting for open heart and other major surgeries and those with background chronic heart failure and chronic liver disease. Participants with pre-operative hyponatremia had shortened and also prolonged hospital stay and higher risk of death than with normonatremia. Conclusion: Pre-operative hyponatremia is common in high dependency surgical unit particularly in the elderly, those with comorbidities and those presenting for major heart surgeries. It impacts negatively on the morbidity and mortality as it could shorten hospital stay through death, and could prolong hosp

关键词： Hyponatremia Normonatremia Comorbidities Pre-Operative Sodium

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Preparation and Some Properties of Metal Organic Chemical Vapour Deposited Al-Doped ZnO Thin Films Using Single Solid Precursors

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Journal of Modern Physics 2018年第11期9卷 2073-2089页

作者： olumide Oluwole Akinwunmi Johnson Ayodele O. Ogundeji Adetokunbo Temitope Famojuro Olakunle A. Akinwumi Olusoji O. Ilori Olatomide G. Fadodun Ezekiel Oladele Bolarinwa Ajayi Department of Physics and Engineering Physics Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department of Chemistry Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department of Electrical and Electronic Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Centre for Energy Research and development Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria

Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and Aluminium doped ZnO (AZO) thin films were deposited on soda lime glass by Metal Organic Chemical Vapour deposition technique (MOCVD), using prepared compound mixtures of Zinc Acetate di-hydrate (Zn(CH3COO)2⋅2H2O;ZAD) and Aluminium Acetyl-Acetonate (Al(C5H702)3;AAA) precursors at a temperature of 420°C. Effects of the varying mole percent concentrations of AAA precursor additives on the Al dopant concentrations in ZnO were systematically studied. The observations were made via investigations carried out on the morphological, optical, electrical and compositional properties of the deposited thin films. The thin films morphology was found to be strongly dependent on the varying concentration of AAA in the precursor mixtures. The average optical transmittance of the thin films in the uv-visible region was over 85% except 5 mol.% Al. While the energy band gaps were found to be in range of 3.27 - 3.36 eV. There is a blue-shift of the energy band edge observed between 0 and 5 mol.% AAA, which may be due to Burstein-Moss’ band gap widening effect and an opposing band gap renormalization effect at 10 mol.% AAA along with an extra band gap stabilization effect (Roth’s effect) at 15 mol.% AAA in rather quasi-sinusoidal or anomalous behaviour. The optical transmittance and electrical conductivity of ZnO were enhanced with addition of Al dopants. The RBS confirm the presence of Al, Zn and O, and evidence that Al dopants were successfully incorporated into the ZnO.

关键词： ZnO Thin Film ZnO:Al MOCVD Optical Properties AAA ZAD Electrical Properties FESEM UV-Vis Optoelectronic Properties

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An improved model for severe slugging stability criteria in offshore pipeline-riser systems

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Petroleum Research 2022年第03期 318-328页

作者： Adesina Fadairo Chinemerem Obi Kegang Ling Vamegh Rasouli Olumuyiwa Aboaba olumide Gbadamosi Department of Petroleum Engineering University of North Dakota Department of Petroleum Engineering University of Texas A&M Schlumberger Oilfield Services Repsol Norge AS

Flow assurance has been a major challenge in petroleum production systems especially in offshore operations where severe slugging is a dominant aching issue. This is characterized by pulsating flow behavior which impacts the reservoir productivity, pipeline-riser systems, and surface facilities(separator). The only means so far, of delivering reservoir fluids from offshore wells to the separator at the surface is by pipeline-riser systems where slugging is most prominent and oftentimes *** passive and active measures have been deployed over time to mitigate the associated problem,there is the need to develop a predictive tool for mitigating offshore slugging in the riser system. This study involves the use of a model and analysis approach to eliminate severe slugging based on the balance of forces acting on the pipeline-riser system. Modified stability criteria which consider accumulation and frictional pressure drops have been developed. The current approach is solely physicsdriven, to predict the corresponding liquid and gas velocities at which the fluctuations would be severe when producing multiphase fluids through pipeline-riser systems. By balancing the forces acting on a riser-pipeline system and accounting for frictional and accumulation effects, two hydraulic flow modeling approaches have been used in this study to improve the criteria for predicting the condition of severe slugging. The developed criteria were computed using MATLAB/Simulink and a severe slugging flow map was generated. The “new study 1” and “new study 2” showed a 16% and 13% increase respectively in predicted unstable cases than the Malekzadeh criteria. The criteria were tested at different separator pressures. The Taitel and Jansen criteria could not predict severe slugging at elevated separator pressure. Notwithstanding, the developed flow maps using the “new study 1” are more reliable than the “new study 2”. This is because the “new study 2” approach over defines the phys

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Nickel-based superalloy architectures with surface mechanical attrition treatment: Compressive properties and collapse behaviour

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纳米材料科学 2024年第5期 587页

作者： Lizi Cheng Xiaofeng Zhang Jiacheng Xu Temitope olumide Olugbade Gan Li Dongdong Dong Fucong Lyu Haojie Kong Mengke Huo Jian Lu

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