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Maternal Serum Lipids in Pre-Eclamptic and Normotensive Pregnant Women: A Case-Control Study

Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第11期11卷 1619-1628页

作者： olumide emmanuel adewara Adeleye Niyi Ogundolire Adebayo Augustine Adeniyi Segun Murtala Ghazali Sunday Babatunde Awoyinka Idowu Adebara olumide Mojisola Ayankunle Ayokunle Moses Olumodeji Olabisi Timothy Adeyemo Adewumi Bakare Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti Ekiti State Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti Ekiti State Nigeria Department of Chemical Pathology Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti Ekiti State Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja Lagos State Nigeria

Background: Preeclampsia-eclampsia is a major contributor to maternal and fetal, morbidity and mortality especially in low to middle income countries. This hypertensive disorder of pregnancy remains a disease of theories due to its unclear etiology. We evaluated for possible associations between maternal serum lipids and preeclampsia. Methods: This was a prospective case-control study that recruited 60 consenting women diagnosed with preeclampsia (cases) and 60 normotensive healthy pregnant women (controls), matched for maternal age and gestational age over an 8-month period (18th June, 2014 to 18th February, 2015) at the Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria. Cases and controls were recruited using the non-probability convenience sampling. Fasting venous blood samples were collected in both cases and controls and analyzed for serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoproteins (HDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) using Randox standard enzymatic methods. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 18 to compare and test for significance using Student t-test, Chi-square, and Pearson’s correlation as the appropriate. Tests of association were determined using logistic regression models. The difference was considered significant at P Findings: The mean serum levels of TC, HDL and LDL were significantly (p < 0.001) higher in the pre-eclamptics (6.6 ± 2.9 mmol/L, 2.1 ± 1.0 mmol/L and 3.6 ± 2.6 mmol/L) th

关键词： Pregnancy and Serum Lipids Serum Lipids and Preeclampsia Preeclampsia

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Labetalol versus Hydralazine in the Management of Severe Pre-Eclampsia at Tertiary Hospitals in a Low-Resource Setting: A Randomised Controlled Trial

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第6期13卷 1058-1067页

作者： Uzoma Otutoaja Adeyemo Olabisi Timothy emmanuel olumide adewara Olufunmilayo Victoria Adebara Augustine Adebayo Adeniyi Babatunde Sunday Awoyinka Raymond Akujuobi Okere Idowu Oluseyi Adebara Adewumi Bakare Mojisola olumide Ayankunle Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Ado-Ekiti/Federal Teaching Hospital Afe Babalola University Ido-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Ado-Ekiti/Federal Teaching Hospital Afe Babalola University Ido-Ekiti Nigeria

Objective: Intravenous labetalol and hydralazine are both considered first-line medications for the management of acute-onset, severe hypertension in pregnant and postpartum women. The study compared the efficacy and safety profile of intravenous labetalol and hydralazine in the control hypertension in severe pre-eclampsia. Materials and Methods: One hundred patients who presented with severe pre-eclampsia were randomized into two study groups. The fifty patients in each arm of the study received either intravenous labetalol or intravenous hydralazine for the control of blood pressure. Results: The mean age of the labetalol subjects was 28.6 ± 5.47 years while that of their hydralazine counterparts was 29.12 ± 5.77 years. The majority of respondents in both groups were primigravidae (76% vs. 78%) (P = 0.813). The number of doses of drug needed to significantly lower the mean systolic blood pressure was slightly lower in the labetalol group (2 doses) compared to the hydralazine group (5 doses) (t = 0.803Y, P = 0.977). The incidence of headaches which were the commonest complaints was comparable in both groups 8% and 10% of respondents respectively (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Although both intravenous labetalol and hydralazine are useful in patients with severe pre-eclampsia, the response to labetalol was better with comparable side effects.

关键词： Blood Pressure Hydralazine Labetalol Low-Resource Setting Severe Pre-Eclampsia Side Effects

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Modulation effects of Cu modification and ligands (oxalate and borohydride) functionalization on Pt d-band center, upper d-band edge, and alloyed PtCe support acidity on semihydrogenation of acetylene

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第9期31卷 495-508,I0014页

作者： olumide Bolarinwa Ayodele International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory Braga 4715-330Portugal Department of Civil and Chemical Engineering University of Tennessee ChattanoogaTN 37403United States

The modulating effects of Cu modification and oxalate or borohydride ligands functionalization on the structure,catalyst d-band center(εd),upper d-band edge(εu),and acetylene partial hydrogenation of expediently synthesized Ce alloyed Pt supported catalysts were ***,a 5 wt%Pt alloyed Ce was synthesized via flame spray *** PtCe sample was further supported on zeolite Y,ZY,(PtCe/ZY)and copper modified ZY(PtCe/Cu-ZY).Furthermore,the PtCe was supported on two other oxalate and borohydride ligands functionalized copper modified ZY(PtCe/CuX-ZY and PtCe/CuB-ZY,respectively).The high-angle annular darkfield scanning transmission electron microscopy(HAADF/STEM)data showed a reduction in the PtO average particle size from 2.65 nm in PtCeO_(2) to average 1.73,0.64,and 0.30 nm in PtCe/Cu-ZY,PtCe/CuX-ZY,and PtCe/CuB-ZY,which was corroborated by the electron energy-loss spectroscopy(EELS)results wherein nonhomogeneous mixing of elements was seen with segregated Pt clusters in the non-functionalized ***,both PtCe/CuX-ZY and PtCe/CuBZY samples showed near-perfect homogeneity with no distinct Pt *** measuredεu values for PtCe,PtCe/Cu-ZY,PtCe/CuX-ZY,and PtCe/CuB-ZY are+1.85,+0.40,-0.15,and-0.19 eV,*** positive values indicated strong metal-adsorbate bonding typical of large Pt sizes while the negative values indicated weak metal-adsorbate bonding due to highly downsized Pt *** ethylene yield(YC2H4)over the PtCe sample showed depletion as the reaction temperature increased,while it reflected maxima at 120℃ with 55.3%YC2H4 over PtCe/*** maxima shifted to 180℃ with enhanced YC2H4 of 71.4%in PtCe/*** the contrary,both PtCe/CuX-ZY and PtCe/CuB-ZY exhibited a monotonous increase in YC2H4 up to the maximum C_(2)H_(2)conversion with YC2H4 of 81.9%and 92.1%at 180 and 160℃,*** results showed that both the Cu modification and ligands functionalization were highly invaluable to enhance the properties and

关键词： Acetylene Semihydrogenation Ethylene Pt d-band center Upper d-band edge

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Catalysis of semihydrogenation of acetylene to ethylene: current trends, challenges, and outlook

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第7期16卷 1031-1059页

作者： Toyin D.Shittu olumide B.Ayodele Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering United Arab Emirates UniversityAl-Ain 15551United Arab Emirates Department of Micro and Nanofabrication International Iberian Nanotechnology LaboratoryBraga 4715-330Portugal School of Chemical Engineering Engineering CampusUniversity of Science MalaysiaNibong Tebal 14300Malaysia

Ethylene is an important feedstock for various industrial processes, particularly in the polymer industry. Unfortunately, during naphtha cracking to produce ethylene, there are instances of acetylene presence in the product stream, which poisons the Ziegler–Natta polymerization catalysts. Thus, appropriate process modification, optimization, and in particular, catalyst design are essential to ensure the production of highly pure ethylene that is suitable as a feedstock in polymerization reactions. Accordingly, carefully selected process parameters and the application of various catalyst systems have been optimized for this purpose. This review provides a holistic view of the recent reports on the selective hydrogenation of acetylene. Previously published reviews were limited to Pd catalysts. However, effective new metal and non-metal catalysts have been explored for selective acetylene hydrogenation. Updates on this recent progress and more comprehensive computational studies that are now available for the reaction are described herein. In addition to the favored Pd catalysts, other catalyst systems including mono, bimetallic, trimetallic, and ionic catalysts are presented. The specific role(s) that each process parameter plays to achieve high acetylene conversion and ethylene selectivity is discussed. Attempts have been made to elucidate the possible catalyst deactivation mechanisms involved in the reaction. Extensive reports suggest that acetylene adsorption occurs through an active single-site mechanism rather than via dual active sites. An increase in the reaction temperature affords high acetylene conversion and ethylene selectivity to obtain reactant streams free of ethylene. Conflicting findings to this trend have reported the presence of ethylene in the feed stream. This review will serve as a useful resource of condensed information for researchers in the field of acetylene-selective hydrogenation.

关键词： selectivity hydrogenation acetylene ethylene palladium

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Literature review on the mechanical properties of materials after surface mechanical attrition treatment(SMAT)

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Nano Materials Science 2020年第1期2卷 3-31页

作者： Temitope olumide Olugbade Jian Lu Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center(NPMM) City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Centre for Advanced Structural Materials City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research InstituteGreater Bay Joint DivisionShenyang National Laboratory for Materials ScienceShenzhenChina

Most of the challenges experienced by many engineering materials originate from the surface which later leads to total failure,hence affecting the resultant mechanical properties and service ***,these challenges have been addressed thanks to the invention of a novel surface mechanical attrition treatment(SMAT)method which protects the material surface by generating a gradient-structured layer with improved strength and hardness without jeopardizing the *** present work provides a comprehensive literature review on the mechanical properties of materials after SMAT including the hardness,tensile strength and elongation,and residual ***,a brief introduction on the different forms of surface nanocrystallization is given to get a better understanding of the SMAT process and its advantages over other forms of surface treatments,and then the grain refinement mechanisms of materials by SMAT from the matrix region(base material)to the nanocrystallized layer are *** effects of fatigue,fracture,and wear of materials by the enhanced mechanical properties after SMAT are also discussed in *** addition,the various applications of SMAT ranging from automotive,photoelectric conversion,biomedical,diffusion,and 3 D-printing of materials are extensively *** prospects and recent research trends in terms of mechanical properties of materials affected by SMAT are then summarized.

关键词： SMAT Nanostructured materials Ultra-high strength Ductility Fatigue

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Status of brominated flame retardants,polychlorinated biphenyls,and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in air and indoor dust in AFRICA:A review

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Emerging Contaminants 2020年第1期6卷 405-420页

作者： olumide emmanuel Akinrinade William Stubbings Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah Olusegun Ayejuyo Rose Alani Stuart Harrad School of Geography Earthand Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK Department of Chemistry University of LagosLagosNigeria

While many African countries are signatories of the United Nations’Environment Programme(UNEP)Stockholm Convention aimed at eradication or reduction of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)in the environment,many such countries have limited financial and technical capacities to either combat the effects of POPs or effect their removal from the *** those chemicals listed as POPs under the Stockholm Convention are polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs),and hexabromocyclododecane(HBCDD).Also of concern are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH),which are listed under the UN Economic Commission for Europe(UN-ECE)’s protocol on long range transboundary air pollution(LRTAP).This review examines the state of knowledge pertaining to concentration levels and trends of these contaminants in air(both indoor and outdoor)and indoor dust in *** there being no known manufacture of PBDEs or HBCDD in Africa,concentrations in air of these contaminants in Africa are comparable to those in continents where the chemicals were initially produced and known to be widely *** data were available to discern any temporal trend in concentrations of the target ***,the evidence highlights sources of PCBs,PBDEs,and HBCDD in Africa to include obsolete electrical and electronic equipment and informal handling and treatment of electronic *** concentrations of PAHs in air and in indoor dust are *** of PAHs in indoor dust can be significantly influenced by outdoor sources,particularly vehicular emissions leading to higher concentrations in urban *** the current and projected increase in African urbanisation and demand for consumer goods,there is substantial potential for concentrations of PBDEs,HBCDD,PCBs,and PAHs to rise in the near *** is therefore a need for long-term monitoring of concentrations of these chemicals in air and indoor dust at a range of locations acros

关键词： POPs PBDEs HBCDD PCBs PAHs

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Microbial enzyme systems for lignin degradation and their transcriptional regulation

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Frontiers in Biology 2014年第6期9卷 448-471页

作者： Takanori FURUKAWA Fatai olumide BELLO Louise HORSFALL School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3JR UK

Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant renewable resource in nature and has received considerable attention as one of the most promising alternatives to oil resources for the provision of energy and certain raw materials. The phenolic polymer lignin is the second most abundant constituent of this biomass resource and has been shown to have the potential to be converted into industrially important aromatic chemicals after degradation. However, due to its chemical and structural nature, it exhibits high resistance toward mechanical, chemical, and biological degradation, and this causes a major obstacle for achieving efficient conversion of lignocellulosic biomass. In nature, lignin-degrading microorganisms have evolved unique extracellular enzyme systems to decompose lignin using radical mediated oxidative reactions. These microorganisms produce a set of different combinations of enzymes with multiple isozymes and isoforms by responding to various environmental stimuli such as nutrient availability, oxygen concentration and temperature, which are thought to enable effective decomposition of the lignin in iignocellulosic biomass. In this review, we present an overview of the microbial ligninolytic enzyme systems including general molecular aspects, structural features, and systematic differences in each microorganism. We also describe the gene expression pattern and the transcriptional regulation mechanisms of each ligninolytic enzyme with current data.

关键词： lignocellulose biorefinery lignin degradation lignin peroxidases manganese peroxidases versatile peroxidases laccases

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Level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission in the ambient air and residual ash from a typical municipal solid waste open burning site in Nigeria

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2020年第2期2卷 105-111页

作者： Olusola Adedayo Adesina Adeyinka olumide Adesina Jamiu Adetayo Adeniran Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Afe Babalola UniversityAdo-EkitiNigeria Department of Nanoscience Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering University of North CarolinaGreensboroUSA Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies Laboratory Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina Environmental Engineering Research Laboratory Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of IlorinIlorinNigeria

Open burning of municipal solid waste(MSW)is a common practice in *** of compounds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAHs)in ambient air and ash residues from burning of these wastes pose a great danger to the *** study investigated the contribution of open burning of MSW to the levels of PAHs in ambient air and ash residues from the burning *** samples were obtained from six sampling locations at a MSW burning *** foam passive samplers were used in collecting ambient air *** of PAHs was carried out using GC-MS operated in selected ion monitoring *** trend of ambient concentration of PAHs was;ΣPAHs AS-A(4.023)>AS-B(3.798)>AS-D(3.468)>AS-C(3.288),while average concentration of PAHs in the ash was 6.12 mg/*** of PAHs in ash samples ranged from 5.69-6.34 mg/*** component analysis(PCA)showed that most of the PAHs in the ambient were from MSW *** results obtained suggest that concerted effort of the government and the relevant stakeholders is required to safeguard the environment and humans from PAH pollution from open burning of MSW.

关键词： Pahs Open burning Toxicity equivalent PUF Ash

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How to be a better scientist:Lessons from scientific philosophy,the historical development of science,and past errors within exercise physiology

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2022年第2期4卷 140-146页

作者： Robert A.Robergs olumide Opeyemi Samuel Torrens School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences O BlockA WingLevel 4Room A419Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQueenslandAustralia School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences O BlockA WingLevel 4Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQueenslandAustralia

What is science?While a simple question,the answer is *** is a process involving human behaviour,and due to the human influence,science is often not pursued *** fact,one can argue that we still do not know what the“correct”pursuit of science should *** is because science remains a work in progress,differs for different questions,and we often are not aware of the mistakes made until years,or decades,*** mistakes are common,regardless of the *** exercise physiology,mistakes have been frequent and led to eventual corrections;the replacement of the post-exercise rate of oxygen consumption(VO_(2))debt concept with that of excess post-exercise VO_(2);the invalidation of the cellular production of lactic acid;improvements to maximal heart rate estimation;and on-going debate over the Central Governor *** training and education in the historical development of science and the contributions from scientific philosophy are important in providing an understanding of science,and more importantly,how to pursue“better”vs.“inferior”forms of *** writings of Popper and Kuhn are core to enhanced understanding of how to improve the quality of science ***,quality education and training in the historical and philosophical development of science remain poor in most *** inadequate educational training is overcome,there is sustained risk for the pursuit of science to remain inadequate,which in turn has a potential widespread detriment to humanity and the planet we live on.

关键词： Science Philosophy Epistemology Falsification Theories Popper Kuhn

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An improved model for severe slugging stability criteria in offshore pipeline-riser systems

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Petroleum Research 2022年第3期7卷 318-328页

作者： Adesina Fadairo Chinemerem Obi Kegang Ling Vamegh Rasouli Olumuyiwa Aboaba olumide Gbadamosi Department of Petroleum Engineering University of North DakotaUnited States Department of Petroleum Engineering University of Texas A&MUnited States Schlumberger Oifield Services Nigeria Repsol NorgeAs Norway

Flow assurance has been a major challenge in petroleum production systems especially in offshore operations where severe slugging is a dominant aching *** is characterized by pulsating flow behavior which impacts the reservoir productivity,pipeline-riser systems,and surface facilities(separator).The only means so far,of delivering reservoir fluids from offshore wells to the separator at the surface is by pipeline-riser systems where slugging is most prominent and oftentimes *** passive and active measures have been deployed over time to mitigate the associated problem,there is the need to develop a predictive tool for mitigating offshore slugging in the riser *** study involves the use of a model and analysis approach to eliminate severe slugging based on the balance of forces acting on the pipeline-riser *** stability criteria which consider accumulation and frictional pressure drops have been *** current approach is solely physicsdriven,to predict the corresponding liquid and gas velocities at which the fluctuations would be severe when producing multiphase fluids through pipeline-riser *** balancing the forces acting on a riser-pipeline system and accounting for frictional and accumulation effects,two hydraulic flow modeling approaches have been used in this study to improve the criteria for predicting the condition of severe *** developed criteria were computed using MATLAB/Simulink and a severe slugging flow map was ***“new study 1”and“new study 2”showed a 16%and 13%increase respectively in predicted unstable cases than the Malekzadeh *** criteria were tested at different separator *** Taitel and Jansen criteria could not predict severe slugging at elevated separator ***,the developed flow maps using the“new study 1”are more reliable than the“new study 2”.This is because the“new study 2”approach over defines the physics of severe *** cr

关键词： Severeslugging Stability criteria Offshore Pipeline-Riser systems

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