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Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Infection on the Hematology of Ducks and Chickens

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2014年第6期4卷 113-121页

作者： Chekwube Paul Eze John Osita Arinze Okoye Innocent Okonkwo Ogbonna Wilfred Sunday Ezema Didacus Chukwuemeka Eze emmanuel chukwudi okwor Christian Okorie-Kanu Kalu Idika Idika Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology University of Agriculture Umudike Nigeria Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Microbiology Unit Department of Biological Sciences University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria

The hematological lesions consequent upon velogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection were investigated in 6-week-old ducks and chickens. Following intramuscular inoculation, the results indicated significantly lower (p < 0.05) packed cell volume (PCV) in infected chickens (IC) on days 3 - 9 post inoculation (PI) and in infected ducks (ID) on days 3 - 15 PI. The hemoglobin concentrations were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in IC on days 3, 6 and 15 PI while in the ID, they were significantly lower (p < 0.05) on days 3, 9 and 15 PI. The total erythrocyte counts were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in IC on days 3, 9 and 15 PI and in ID, they were significantly lower (p < 0.05) on days 3 and 9 PI. The mean corpuscular values indicated macrocytic hypochromic anemia in IC and macrocytic normochromic anemia in ID. The leucogram showed leucopenia in IC and initial leucopenia followed by leucocytosis in ID. The hematological pictures of the velogenic NDV in this experiment indicate less susceptibility of ducks when compared with the chickens. The severity of this virus infection in chickens and the mild clinical signs and lesions presented by ducks showed that ducks are far less susceptible than chickens.

关键词： Velogenic Newcastle Disease Experimental Infection Hematology Ducks Chickens

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Comparison of the Serum Proteins and Immune Responses of Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Infected Chickens and Ducks

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2014年第6期4卷 122-128页

作者： Chekwube Paul Eze Vincent S. O. Shoyinka John Osita Arinze Okoye Wilfred Sunday Ezema Innocent Okonkwo Ogbonna Didacus Chukwuemeka Eze emmanuel chukwudi okwor Ogbu Kenneth Ikejiofor Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Microbiology Unit Department of Biological Sciences University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria National Veterinary Research Institute Vom Nigeria

The effect of velogenic Newcastle disease virus (vNDV) on the immune responses and serum proteins was investigated in six-week-old ducks and chickens. Results showed that weight loss was markedly significant (p < 0.05) from days 3 - 21 (PI) in chickens and mild (p < 0.05) on days 3 and 15 PI in ducks. The antibody response obtained showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in infected chickens (IC) than those of the infected ducks (ID). While the total serum protein and serum globulin increased significantly (p < 0.05) in IC on days 7 and 14 PI, they decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in ID only on day 21 PI. The immune responses and serum protein values in this experiment X-ray showed less susceptibility of ducks when compared with the chickens. This may be related to marked anorexia and severe dehydration observed in the latter consequent upon serum concentration. Ducks could be maintaining the endemicity of Newcastle disease (ND) as reservoir host.

关键词： Velogenic Newcastle Disease Experimental Infection Immune Response Serum Proteins Ducks Chickens

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3D modeling of abnormal pore pressure in shallow offshore Niger delta: An application of seismic inversion

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Petroleum Research 2021年第2期6卷 158-171页

作者： Chukwuemeka Patrick Abbey Osita chukwudi Meludu Adetola Sunday Oniku a a Department of Physics Modibbo Adama University of Technology YolaNigeria Department of Petroleum Chemistry&Physics American University of NigeriaNigeria

Pore pressure is the pressure associated with fluids in the pore spaces of sedimentary rocks. Thispressure varies from hydrostatic to severe overpressure. It is classified as abnormal pressure when itdeviates from hydrostatic pressure. Incorrect prediction or the absence of pore pressure evaluation canlead to severe damage of the drilling platform, loss of personnel, waste of resources and environmentalpollution. This study was carried out in an offshore field in Niger Delta with an objective of predicting theabnormal pressure regime from the seismic volume using seismic inversion technique. First, weemployed the Eaton’s and Bower’s model of predicting pore pressure from Well log. The predicted porepressure from the well was used to calibrate the P-impedance that was used in the inversion process. Apressure-based model for the seismic inversion process was developed. This was constrained by therelationship between the P-impedance and pore pressure in the study area. The predicted pore pressurefrom the Well logs aligned with the measured pore pressure in the formation. At about 3600 m to end ofthe Well, depicts a pressure regime that is a deviation from the hydrostatic pressure trend. The abnormalpressure regime is marked by the region where a change is observed in the normal compaction trendline. The cross plot of acoustic impedance against pore pressure reveals a linear relationship;with adirect relationship indicating a normal pressure interval and the indirect relationship at the abnormalpressure regime. The inverted 3D pressure result from the seismic volume validates the normalcompaction trend line and also the pressure values estimated from the Well logs. The abnormal pressureregime in the study area is predicted to be found towards the end of Agbada Formation and through theAkata Formation due to the un-compacted shales.

关键词： Acoustic impedance Pressure Seismic inversion Formation Overpressure

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Revisiting the nexus between fiscal decentralization and CO_(2)emissions in South Africa:fresh policy insights

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Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 1384-1429页

作者： Maxwell chukwudi Udeagha Marthinus Christoffel Breitenbach Department of Economics School of EconomicsUniversity of PretoriaHatfield CampusPrivate Bag X20Hatfield 0028South Africa

The argument over fiscal decentralization and carbon dioxide emission(CO_(2))reduction has received much ***,evidence to back this claim is *** theory predicts that fiscal decentralization affects environmental quality,but the specifics of this relationship are still up for *** scholars noted that fiscal decentralization might lead to a race to the top,whereas others contended that it would result in a race to the *** light of the current debates in environmental and development economics,this study aims to provide insight into how this relationship may function in South Africa from 1960 to *** contrast to the existing research,the present study uses a novel dynamic autoregressive distributed lag simulation approach to assess the positive and negative changes in fiscal decentralization,scale effect,technique effect,technological innovation,foreign direct investment,energy consumption,industrial growth,and trade openness on CO_(2)*** following are the main findings:(i)Fiscal decentralization had a CO_(2)emission reduction impact in the short and long run,highlighting the presence of the race to the top approach.(ii)Economic growth(as represented by the scale effect)eroded ecological ***,its square(as expressed by technique effect)aided in strengthening ecological protection,validating the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis.(iii)CO_(2)emissions were driven by energy utilization,trade openness,industrial value-added,and foreign direct investment,whereas technological innovation boosted ecological *** suggest that further fiscal decentralization should be undertaken through further devolution of power to local entities,particularly regarding environmental policy issues,to maintain South Africa’s ecological *** Africa should also establish policies to improve environmental sustainability by strengthening a lower layer of government and clarifying responsibilities at t

关键词： Fiscal decentralization Trade openness CO_(2)emissions Dynamic ARDL simulations Energy consumption EKC Cointegration Economic growth Industrial value-added South Africa

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Darfur Crisis

Darfur Crisis

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作者： Paul Victor chukwudi 华中师范大学

学位级别：硕士

本篇论文所涉及的资料来源于学术和公共领域,包括政府报告、新闻报道、书籍和丹佛的一些当地媒体报道。论文旨在通过考查历史来了解丹佛危机的根源,为何应当引起国际社会的注意,以便在这一地区建立永久的和平。本论文研究发现,这场冲突... 详细信息

本篇论文所涉及的资料来源于学术和公共领域,包括政府报告、新闻报道、书籍和丹佛的一些当地媒体报道。论文旨在通过考查历史来了解丹佛危机的根源,为何应当引起国际社会的注意,以便在这一地区建立永久的和平。本论文研究发现,这场冲突是北方精英试图获得对苏丹民族财富和权力的绝对控制所引发的结果。为达到目标,北方精英使用武力来对付苏丹南部人民,这一事实已于2003年2月28号被英国BBC电视台公布。在这一报道中,由苏丹政府领导的金戈威德军队在对苏丹南部地区丹佛发动战争时,打出了这样的标语,“杀尽所有黑人”、“杀尽所有奴隶”,并称他们为非洲黑人。这种称呼的缘由就是,2003年2月,苏丹南部的一名信仰基督教的黑人领导苏丹人民解放运动军队和正义平等运动参加了一场战争,这场战争是为了阻止北方地区试图向南部地区推进它的边境界线,因为南方地区发现了石油。同时,也是针对黑人的种族歧视行动。然而,由于不允许南方人民完全参与政府的运作,以及国家财富的分配不均,北方地区也无力维持权力的平衡。这一反抗运动,很快发展成南方与北方大规模的战争,几乎将近100万人被杀,还有约250万到350万人流离失所,分别逃往苏丹的邻国,像乍得、中非共和国、乌干达。根据联合国高级委员会在2009年5月20日发表的一篇关于难民的报告,在2004年到2009年间,超过4300万人被迫离开他们的家乡和学校,成为难民大本营里面的一员,而在这期间,苏丹政府从未停止过驱逐它的老百姓。这篇论文的主要目的就是理解这些问题,并提供解决这些问题的策略,以保证整个苏丹的和平与发展,特别是苏丹南部地区的和平与发展。

关键词：和平与发展 Sudan 南部地区 political 苏丹政府学位论文丹佛新闻报道 committed conflict

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Validation of short version of evidence-based practice instruments among nurses in clinical practice:Evidence-based practice beliefs,implementation,and organizational culture

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中西医结合护理杂志(英文) 2023年第3期5卷 173-178页

作者： Easter chukwudi OSUCHUKWU Chinwe Florence EZERUIGBO Department of Nursing Science College of Medical SciencesUniversity of CalabarCalabarNigeria Department of Nursing Sciences Faculty of Health ServicesEbonyi State UniversityAbakalikiEbonyi StateNigeria

Objective:The objective of the study is to validate the short version of evidence-based practice(EBP)instruments among nurses in clinical ***:An institutional-based cross-sectional research design was used and a stratified sampling technique to select 285 nurse *** study utilized a structured questionnaire comprising of demographic data from the participants and three validated scales:the shortened versions of the EBP Beliefs Scale,the EBP Implementation Scale,and the Organizational Culture and Readiness for System-Wide Integration of Evidence-Based Practice(OCRSIEP)*** the use of descriptive statistics,the data were analyzed and presented in frequencies and percentages,while inter-item correlation coefficient(ICC)and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy were used to confirm the validity of using factor ***:Findings revealed the mean scores of the EBP Beliefs Scale ranged from 1.50 to 1.61,EBP Implementation Scale ranged from 1.84 to 1.94,and the OCRSIEP Scale ranged from 1.93 to *** the three shortened scales accordingly had good internal reliability,29.30±9.93 out of 80 for the EBP Beliefs Scale,19.56±7.37 out of 72 for the EBP Implementation Scale,and 66.32±20.35 out of 125 for the OCRSIEP ***:This study has generated a valid Short Version of EBP reliable instrument that is psychometrically robust that can be used by nurses and clinicians to evaluate EBP in clinical settings since the results presented as a whole confirmed the high reliability and factorial validity.

关键词： Evidence-based practice beliefs evidence-based practice instruments implementation organizational culture short version validation

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Exploring the moderating role of financial development in environmental Kuznets curve for South Africa:fresh evidence from the novel dynamic ARDL simulations approach

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Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 79-130页

作者： Maxwell chukwudi Udeagha Marthinus Christoffel Breitenbach School of Economics Department of EconomicsUniversity of PretoriaHatfield CampusPrivate Bag X20Hatfield 0028South Africa

The extant literature has produced mixed evidence on the relationship between finan-cial development and ecological *** work addresses this conundrum by investigating financial development’s direct and indirect consequences on ecologi-cal quality utilizing the environmental Kuznets curve(EKC)methodological *** empirical analysis is based on the novel dynamic autoregressive distributed lag simulations approach for South Africa between 1960 and *** results,which used five distinct financial development measures,demonstrate that financial develop-ment boosts ecological integrity and environmental sustainability over the long and short *** the instance of South Africa,we additionally confirm the validity of the EKC *** importantly,the outcomes of the indirect channels demonstrate that financial development increases energy usage’s role in causing pollution while attenuating the detrimental impacts of economic growth,trade openness,and foreign direct investment on ecological ***,the presence of an inadequate financial system is a requirement for the basis of the pollution haven hypothesis(PHH),which we examine using trade openness and foreign direct investment *** for both of these variables disappears when financial development crosses specified ***,industrial value addition destroys ecological quality while tech-nological innovation enhances *** research provides some crucial policy recom-mendations and fresh perspectives for South Africa as it develops national initiatives to support ecological sustainability and reach its net zero emissions goal.

关键词： Financial development Trade openness CO_(2)emissions Dynamic ARDL simulations Energy consumption EKC Cointegration Economic growth Foreign direct investment Industrial value-added South Africa

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Heterosis and combining ability in cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2019年第1期6卷 150-157页

作者： Chikezie Onuora Ene Peter Ejimofor Ogbonna Christian Ugwu Agbo Uchechukwu Paschal chukwudi Department of Crop Science University of NigeriaNsukka 410001Nigeria

The objective of this work was to evaluate four parental lines of cucumber which included:‘Zeina’(Zna),‘Beit Alpha’(BA),‘Straight 8’(Strght 8)and‘Calypso’(Capso)and six F1s generated by diallel cross,using randomized complete block design with three replications to study heterosis and combining ability for yield and yield component *** heterosis showed that cross‘ZnaCapso’had the highest Better Parent(BP)heterosis in total fruit yield/ha while‘BACapso’had the highest Mid Parent(MP)heterosis in the same *** general(GCA)and specific(SCA)combining ability variances were obtained in all the traits implying that both the additive and non-additive gene effects operated in the genetic expression of the *** magnitude of GCA and SCA variances indicated preponderance of additive gene action for all the traits.‘Beit Alpha’and‘Straight 8’are best general combiners while‘BACapso’and‘CapsoStrght 8’were the best specific combiners for total fruit yield.

关键词： Cucumber Hybrid vigour Half diallel crosses GCA SCA

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Modeling and optimization of Terminalia catappa *** oil extraction using response surface methodology and artificial neural network

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2020年第1期4卷 1-11页

作者： Chinedu Matthew Agu Matthew chukwudi Menkiti Ekwe Bassey Ekwe Albert Chibuzor Agulanna Chemical Engineering Department Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityAwkaNigeria Mechanical Engineering Department Gregory UniversityUturuNigeria Materials and Energy Technology Department Projects Development Institute(PRODA)Emene Industrial AreaEnuguNigeria

In this study,response surface methodology(RSM)and artificial neural network(ANN)were used to optimize Terminalia catappa *** oil(TCKO)*** extraction method was used for the oil extraction,with n-hexane as the extracting *** highest oil yield was obtained at 55℃,150 min,and 0.5 *** physicochemical properties of the TCKO were determined using standard *** chromatographic(GC)analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR)were respectively,used to determine the fatty acid composition and prevalent functional groups in *** optimum conditions of temperature,particle size and extraction time,the RSM predicted oil yield was 62.92%,which was validated as 60.34%,whereas ANN predicted yield was 60.39%,which was validated as 60.40%.The results of the physicochemical characterization of TCKO showed that the dielectric strength(DS),viscosity,flash and pour points values were 30.61 KV,20.29 mm^2 s^−1,260°C,and 3℃,*** characterization and FTIR results of TCKOindicated its potential industrial application,especially as transformer *** acids compositions result indicated that the oil was highly unsaturated;while XRD results of Terminalia catappa ***(TCK)samples obtained,both before and after extraction,showed difference in their peaks and corresponding intensities,due to the damage effect of ***,the obtained optimization results indicated that ANN was a better and more effective tool than RSM,due to its higher R^2 and lower RMS values.

关键词： Response surface methodology Artificial neural network Optimization Terminalia catappa L.kernel

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Avalanche activity and characteristics of its triggering factors in the western Tianshan Mountains,China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第7期15卷 1397-1411页

作者： HAO Jian-sheng HUANG Fa-rong LIU Yang Amobichukwu chukwudi AMANAMBU LI Lan-hai State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 818 South Beijing Road Urumqi 830011 China. University of Chinese Academy of sciences Bering 100049 China Yili Station for Watershed Ecosystem Research Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 818 South Beijing Road Urumqi 830011 China. Xinjiang Regional Center of Resources and Environmental Science Instrument Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment in Central Asia No. 818 South Beijing Road Urumqi Xinjiang 830011 China

Snow avalanche is a serious threat to the safety of roads in alpine mountains. In the western Tianshan Mountains, large scale avalanches occur every year and affect road safety. There is an urgent need to identify the characteristics of triggering factors for avalanche activity in this region to improve road safety and the management of natural hazards. Based on the observation of avalanche activity along the national road G218 in the western Tianshan Mountains, avalanche event data in combination with meteorological, snowpack and earthquake data were collected and analyzed. The snow climate of the mountain range was examined using a recently developed snow climate classification scheme, and triggering conditions of snow avalanche in different snow climate regions were compared. The results show that snowfall is the most common triggering factor for a natural avalanche and there is high probability of avalanche release with snowfall exceeding 20.4 mm during a snowfall period. Consecutive rise in temperature within three days and daily mean temperature reaching 0.5℃ in the following day imply a high probability of temperaturerise-triggered avalanche release. Earthquakes have a significant impact on the formation of large size avalanches in the area. For the period 2011-2017, five cases were identified as a consequence of earthquake with magnitudes of 3.3≤M_L≤5.1 and source-to-site distances of 19~139 km. The Tianshan Mountains are characterized by a continental snow climate with lower snow density, lower snow shear strength and high proportion depth hoar, which explains that both the snowfall and temperature for triggering avalanche release in the continental snow climate of the Tianshan Mountains are lower than that in maritime snow climate and transitional snow climate regions. The findings help forecast avalanche release for mitigating avalanche disaster and assessing the risk of avalanche disaster.

关键词： Snow avalanche Snow properties Snow climate Triggering conditions Risk management

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