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Early Fu.ctional Ou.come of Posterior Spinal Decompression for Lu.bar Spinal Stenosis at a Tertiary Health Institu.ion, Sou.h East Nigeria

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Jou.nal of Biosciences and Medicines 2018年第7期6卷 1-14页

作者： Obiora Nonso Mu.ghalu.Cajetan u. Nwadinigwe emmanuel C. Iyidobi Ndu.u.si N. Du.u.u.o E. Anyaehie Ikechu.wu.C. Okwesili Department of Orthopaedics National Orthopaedic Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Backgrou.d: Su.gical treatment of lu.bar spinal stenosis by posterior spinal decompression may be indicated if non-su.gical management for the symptoms of low back and lower limbs radicu.ar pains is u.su.cessfu. and/or in patients with persisting or worsening neu.ological deficits. It has been reported to be an effective treatment modality in well selected patients. This procedu.e is however not withou. possible complications which can adversely affect the ou.come of treatment in the affected patients. This prospective stu.y was therefore u.dertaken to evalu.te the early fu.ctional ou.come of posterior spinal decompression for lu.bar spinal stenosis at ou. health institu.ion. Method: All patients with symptomatic lu.bar spinal stenosis admitted for posterior spinal decompression and who met the inclu.ion criteria were recru.ted with their written informed consent. The patients’ pain severity and fu.ctional disability were assessed preoperatively with visu.l analogu. scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). The VAS and ODI were also u.ed to reassess the patients postoperatively, at 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 12 weeks respectively. All intraoperative and/or postoperative complications were docu.ented and the resu.ts were analyzed. Resu.ts: The patients’ mean preoperative lower back pain and leg pain VAS score was 8.26 ± 1.46 while the mean preoperative ODI was 62.4% ±13.56. The commonest combination of spinal decompressive procedu.e done in the patients was laminectomy + foraminotomy in 10 (25% patients). The most common decompressed spinal level was L4/L5 (89.7%);while almost equ.l nu.ber of patients had either one spinal level or two-spinal level decompression (43.6% and 46.1% respectively). Postoperative pain assessment showed a mean VAS of 3.79 ± 1.15, 2.55 ± 1.27 and 2.00 ± 1.41 at 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 12 weeks respectively (p = 0.000). Fu.ctional ou.come assessment with ODI was 34% ± 11.79%, 24% ± 10.75% and 18.12% ± 10.61% at 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 12 weeks res

关键词： Early Fu.ctional Ou.come Lu.bar Spinal Stenosis Posterior Spinal

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TE Mode Mixing Dynamics in Cu.ved Mu.timode OpticalWavegu.des

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Commu.ications in Compu.ational Physics 2012年第2期11卷 525-540页

作者： emmanuel Perrey-Debain I.David Abrahams Laboratoire Roberval Universite de Technologie de Compi`egne 60205 Compi`egne BP 20529France School of Mathematics University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM139PLEnglandU.K.

Propagation of light throu.h cu.ved graded index optical wavegu.des su.porting an arbitrary high nu.ber of modes is *** discu.sion is restricted to optical wave fields which are well confined within the core region and losses throu.h radiation are *** cou.led mode theory formalism,two new forms for the propagation kernel for the transverse electric(TE)wave as it travels along a cu.ved two-dimensional wavegu.de are *** form,involving the notion of“bend”modes,is shown to be attractive from a compu.ational point of view as it allows an efficient nu.erical evalu.tion of the optical field for sharply bent wavegu.des.

关键词： Cu.ved wavegu.des Cou.led Mode Theory harmonic oscillator

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Does the Breast Size in Females Correlate with the Severity of Mechanical Low Back Pain?

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Jou.nal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第4期9卷 116-121页

作者： emmanuel C. Iyidobi Osita Ede Chinenye C. Obi Violet O. Onwu.kwe Cajethan u. Nwadinigwe Theclar O. Iyidobi Oke R. Obadaseraya Department of Orthopaedics and Trau.a National Orthopaedic Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Psychological Medicine University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Backgrou.d: Large breast is postu.ated to cau.e u.du. tension in the paraspinal mu.cles and may resu.t in back pain. Improved pain score following mammaplasty su.ports this assertion. Su.h a qu.stion has not been evalu.ted in an indigenou. black popu.ation. Objectives: To assess the correlation between the breast cu. size and the severity of low back pain among women with mechanical low back pain. Method: This was a prospective cohort stu.y. Eighty-fou. women with chronic backpain attending the Orthopaedic clinic participated exclu.ing psychogenic back pain. The breast cu. sizes were estimated from the difference between the bu.t and band sizes measu.ed with an inelastic tape. The severity of pain was determined with the Oswestry disability index (ODI) data analysed with IBM SPSS version 26. Resu.ts: The mean age was 49.35 years. The predominant breast cu. size was A, (88%), while the largest cu. size was C. The mean du.ation of symptoms and ODI score was 3.33 months (SD = 2.63), and 42.30 (SD = 16.98) respectively. The breast cu. size did not show a positive correlation with ODI score, r = ?0.021, p = 0.846. Conclu.ion: The severity of mechanical low back pain does not correlate with the breast cu. size.

关键词： Breast Cu. Size Back Pain

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Stu.y of CdZnTeSe Gamma-Ray Detector u.der Variou. Bias Voltages

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2020年第8期11卷 553-559页

作者： Mebou.na L. Drabo Stephen u. Egarievwe u.pal N. Roy Benicia A. Harrison Carmella A. Goree emmanuel K. Savage Ralph B. James Department of Mechanical & Civil Engineering and Construction Management Alabama A&M University Huntsville AL USA Nu.lear Engineering and Radiological Science Center Alabama A&M University Huntsville AL USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Compu.er Science Alabama A&M University Huntsville AL USA Department of Nonproliferation and National Secu.ity Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY USA Science and Technology Directorate Savannah River National Laboratory Aiken SC USA Biological and Environmental Sciences Department Alabama A&M University Huntsville AL USA Department of Physics Chemistry and Mathematics Alabama A&M University Huntsville AL USA

Cadmiu. zinc tellu.ide selenide (CdZnTeSe) is a new semicondu.tor material for gamma-ray detection and spectroscopy applications at room temperatu.e. It has very high crystal qu.lity compared to similar materials su.h as cadmiu. tellu.ide and cadmiu. zinc tellu.ide. The consistency of peak position in radiation detection devices is important to practical applications. In this paper, we have characterized a CdZnTeSe planar detector for bias voltages in the range of -20 V to -200 V and amplifier shaping time of 2, 3 and 6 μs. The peak position of the 59.6-keV gamma line of u.>241u.>Am becomes more stable as the absolu.e valu. of the applied voltage increases. The best energy resolu.ion of 8.5% was obtained for the 59.6-keV gamma peak at -160 V bias voltage and 3-μs shaping time. The energy resolu.ion was relatively stable in the -120 V to -200 V range for a 6-μs shaping time. Fu.u.e work will be focu.ed on the stu.y of the peak position and energy resolu.ion over time.

关键词： CdZnTeSe Energy Resolu.ion Energy-Peak Stability Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy Nu.lear Detectors

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Knowledge, Attitu.e and the Prevalence of HIV Cou.selling and Testing among Secondary In-School Adolescents in Orlu.Local Government Area, Imo State, Nigeria

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World Jou.nal of AIDS 2017年第2期7卷 77-91页

作者： Anthony C. Iwu.Henry N. Chineke Kevin C. Diwe Chu.wu.a B. Du.u.Kenechi A. u.akwe emmanuel C. Azu.ke u.ochu.wu.C. Madu.u.ze Chu.wu.em Abejegah emmanuel u. Ndu.wu.Ikechi Ohale Department of Commu.ity Medicine Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of Family Medicine Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of Commu.ity Medicine Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of Commu.ity Medicine Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Anambra Nigeria Department of Commu.ity Medicine Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Commu.ity Medicine Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital Irrua Nigeria

Backgrou.d: Adolescence is a period of vu.nerability with the onset of mu.tiple risky behaviou. which exposes them to HIV and other sexu.lly transmitted diseases and as su.h, the timely introdu.tion and u.take of strategies like HIV Cou.selling and Testing will redu.e transmission and provide access to preventive services. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitu.e and prevalence of HIV Cou.selling and Testing among secondary in-school adolescents in Orlu.Local Government Area, Imo State, Nigeria. Methods: A cross sectional analytical stu.y design was u.ed that selected stu.ents aged 13 - 19 years in senior classes SS1 to SS3 attending secondary schools. Data was collected u.ing a pretested, semi-stru.tu.ed qu.stionnaire. Descriptive analyses were done with frequ.ncies and su.mary statistics. Chi squ.re statistic was compu.ed and p valu. was set at 0.05 significant level. Resu.ts: Thou.h most of the respondents were aware of HIV/AIDS (99%) and HIV Cou.selling and Testing (92%), the majority of the respondents had a poor level of overall knowledge (61%) and attitu.e (70%) towards HIV Cou.selling and Testing. The prevalence of HIV Cou.selling and Testing amongst the respondents was very low (7%). Fu.thermore, there was a statistically significant relationship between the level of overall knowledge and level of overall attitu.e towards HIV Cou.selling and Testing (p Conclu.ion: Identifying and closing the gaps in their knowledge and attitu.e towards HIV Cou.selling and Testing, will form the basis for the introdu.tion of adolescent-tailored strategies that will fu.ther encou.age and improve volu.tary and confidential u.take of HIV Cou.selling and Testing among the adolescents.

关键词： HCT Knowledge Attitu.e Prevalence Adolescents Nigeria

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Physico-Chemical Evalu.tion and Hematological Responses in <i>Clarias gariepinu.</i>(Bu.chell 1822) Ju.eniles Exposed to <i>Adeniu. obesu.</i>Stem Bark Acu.e Bioassay

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2020年第2期10卷 43-54页

作者： B. O. Mu.iwa N. S. emmanuel F. M. Yahu.a M. Aliyu.C. u. Inegbenosu. I. Mu.ah Department of Veterinary Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Department of Hu.an Physiology Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medical Sciences Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Kaduna State Nigeria School of Post Basic ORL Nu.sing National Ear Care Center Kaduna Nigeria Department of Zoology Faculty of Natural Science Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma Edo State Nigeria

The experiment was condu.ted to evalu.te the acu.e toxicity of aqu.ou. extract of Adeniu. obesu. stem bark in ju.eniles of Clarias gariepinu. by assessing the hematological responses of the exposed grou.s compared to the control in a static non-renewal bioassay for 96 hou.s. The fishes (N = 180, mean weight and length 21.48 ± 3.32 g and 11.37 ± 1.23 cm) respectively were randomly distribu.ed 10 (ten) fishes per grou. in triplicates constitu.ing six experimental grou.s as follows;G1 (Control), G2 (6.5 mg/l), G3 (7.8 mg/l), G4 (8.5 mg/l), G5 (9.5 mg/l) and G6 (11.5 mg/l). Red blood cell (RBC) cou.t, packed cell volu.e (PCV) and hemoglobin concentration were decreased significantly (P u.t (TWBC). Thu. the stu.y conclu.es that aqu.ou. extract of Adeniu. obesu. stem bark is toxic to erythrocytes while a converse adaptive response in the white blood cells.

关键词： Adeniu. obesu. Clarias gariepinu. Hematology Toxicity

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The Practice of Exclu.ive Breastfeeding and Its Sociodemographic Determinants amongst Nu.sing Mothers at a Tertiary Health Care Institu.ion in Sou.h East, Nigeria

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Open Jou.nal of Preventive Medicine 2017年第4期7卷 63-73页

作者： Henry N. Chineke Anthony C. Iwu.Kevin C. Diwe Chu.wu.a B. Du.u.Kenechi A. u.akwe Eyitayo E. emmanuel u.he R. Olu.ha u.ochu.wu.C. Madu.u.ze emmanuel u. Ndu.wu.Ikechi Ohale Department of Family Medicine Imo State u.iversity Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of Commu.ity Medicine Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of Commu.ity Medicine Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of Epidemiology and Commu.ity Health Ekiti State University Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Commu.ity Medicine Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

Backgrou.d: Breastfeeding is a natu.al and critical act that provides nu.rients and energy for the infant and you.g child;and throu.h a pu.lic health intervention su.h as exclu.ive breastfeeding, it improves the su.vival rates of the infant. Objective: To determine the breastfeeding practices and the sociodemographic determinants of exclu.ive breastfeeding amongst nu.sing mothers present at the Imo state u.iversity teaching hospital Orlu. Methods: A cross sectional analytical stu.y design was u.ed that inclu.ed all nu.sing mothers present within a 4 week stu.y period. Data was collected u.ing a stru.tu.ed qu.stionnaire. Descriptive analyses were done with frequ.ncies and su.mary statistics. Chi squ.re statistics were compu.ed to determine significant associations and binary logistic regression was u.ed to determine sociodemographic predictors of exclu.ive breastfeeding practice. P valu. was set at 0.05 significant level. Resu.ts: While most of the respondents were aware of exclu.ive breastfeeding (92.5%), only 24% of the respondents were practicing exclu.ive breastfeeding. Work and school activities, and the feeling that breast milk was insu.ficient for the needs of the baby were the reasons for not practicing exclu.ive breastfeeding for a majority of the respondents (56.6%). Fu.thermore, 61% of those that were practicing non-exclu.ive breast feeding gave a cereal or infant formu.a in addition to the breast milk for 3 to 6 months. It was fu.ther revealed that there were statistically significant relationships between breastfeeding practice and maternal age (p = 0.003), level of maternal edu.ation (p = 0.005) and maternal occu.ation (p = 0.006). Conclu.ion: u.derstanding and taking into cognizance the sociodemographic characteristics will enable the design, and adequ.te delivery of appropriate and effective strategies that improve exclu.ive breastfeeding practice.

关键词： Exclu.ive Breastfeeding Sociodemographic Determinants Nigeria

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Comparison of Fou. Diagnostic Tests Methods for the Detection of Dengu. Viru. Non-Stru.tu.al-1 Antigen and IgM/IgG Antibodies

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Jou.nal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第5期10卷 179-190页

作者： Moses N. Ikegbu.am Ifeyinwa T.O. Onochie-Igbinedion Nzu.e F. Ekpu.obi Abone Harrison Enyi emmanuel Simon Nkpeh u.hie Micheal u. Adiu.wu.Charles O. Esimone Department of Pharmaceu.ical Microbiology and Biotechnology Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Molecu.ar Research Fou.dation for Stu.ents and Scientists Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Medical Microbiology Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Pharmaceu.ics University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN) Nsukka Nigeria

Objectives: Dengu. viru. (DENV) infection is a mosqu.to-borne disease that stands ou. as one of the major pu.lic health issu.s and has a wide-ranging geographical distribu.ion throu.hou. the tropics and su.tropics. The general alarming increase in the nu.ber of cases over the last two decades can be attribu.ed to an extent by the change in national practices to keeping records and reporting dengu. to the Ministries of Health, and WHO. Dengu. diagnosis is rou.inely carried ou. by detection of dengu. viru. (DENV) antigen NS1 (Non-stru.tu.al Antigen 1) and/or anti-DENV IgM/IgG antibodies u.ing enzyme-linked immu.osorbent assays (ELISAs) and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). This stu.y compared the performance of three RDTs and one ELISA u.ed for dengu. diagnosis in sou.heastern, Nigeria. Design: This stu.y adopted a cross-sectional design that inclu.ed prospective hospital-based su.veillance of cases among febrile participants attending two major health facilities within the sou.heastern region of Nigeria. In this stu.y, 338 HIV-infected participants from two teaching hospitals in Nigeria’s sou.heast were systematically tested for Dengu. with fou. methods: NS1 RDT, IgG RDT, IgM RDT, and NS1 ELISA. Their specificities and sensitivities were compared, as well as their level of concordance. Their respective performances were also evalu.ted u.ing the Receivers Operational cu.ve (ROC). Resu.ts: Ou. of the 338 patients, the dengu. prevalence from the fou. dengu. diagnostic methods Dengu. viru. NS1 ELISA, NS1 RDT, IgM and IgG seropositivity were 8.9%, 0.6%, 5.6%, and 8.0%, respectively. The Dengu. IgM RDT test indicated 36.8% sensitivity, 92.8% specificity, the IgG anti-dengu. specific test indicated 29.6% sensitivity, 92.9% specificity and the dengu. NS1 RDT test indicated 3.3% sensitivity, 99.4% specificity when compared with the Dengu. NSI Elisa test method as a reference method. Conclu.ion: The u.e of NSI ELISA for DENV diagnosis showed good performance and the RDTs showed,

关键词： Dengu. Viru. Diagnosis Methods Comparison Performance Sou.heastern Nigeria

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Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Enzymes Evalu.tion in Lactating Female Albino Rats Following Su.plementation with Fermented Soya Bean and Vitamin C

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2017年第2期5卷 24-31页

作者： I. S. Malgwi Y. Tanko M. u. Kawu.E. D. Eze H. A. Salami N. S. emmanuel A. Mohammed Department of Hu.an Physiology College of Medical Sciences University of Maiduguri Borno Nigeria Department of Hu.an Physiology Faculty of Medicine Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Department of Veterinary Physiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Department of Physiology Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Kampala International University Kampala Uganda

In mammals, lactation is the most energetically demanding period of a female’s reprodu.tive life. This stu.y was designed to evalu.te the effect of fermented Soya bean and Vitamin C su.plement on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in lactating albino rats. Thirty five (35) adu.t female rats were u.ed for this stu.y. At partu.ition, the animals were randomly divided into five grou.s of five (5) rats each. Except grou. fou. (4) that was su.divided into three (3) su. grou.s of five animals each (n = 5). Treatment was carried ou. as follows: Grou. I: (Normal control) was given normal feed and distilled water, orally (1 ml/kg), Grou. II: metoclopramide (5 mg/kg), Grou. III: 100 mg/kg of Vitamin C. The three (3) su. grou.s u.der grou. fou. (4) received 10%, 20% and 40% soya bean, respectively, Grou. V: was co-administered with 20% soya bean su.plement and Vitamin C (100 mg/kg). Treatment was done for the period of ten (10) days at 06:00 h daily. Althou.h there was an increase in seru. MDA concentrations in all the treated grou.s compared to the control, lipid peroxidation was however significantly higher (P u. relative to the soya bean su.plemented grou.s. This stu.y has shown that su.plementation with soya bean indu.es a mild antioxidant effect by increasing seru. level of su.eroxide dismu.ase. There was however a significant decrease in seru. SOD in the 10% SB grou. compared to the control. There was a significant difference in seru. catalase activity in the grou. treated with METCL (46.20 ± 1.53), SB 10% (44.00 ± 1.14) and SB 20% (45.20 ± 1.28) compared to the control (52.00 ± 0.71) (P u. level of glu.athione peroxidase GPx showed a significant difference in the grou. treated with VIT C, SB 10% and SB 20% compared to the control (P < 0.05).

关键词： Soya Bean Lactation Vitamin C Lipid Peroxidation Antioxidant Enzymes

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Obstru.ted labou. cau.ed by foetal congenital hydronephrosis. Trans-abdominal drainage of the hydronephrosis with resu.tant delivery per vagina

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Open Jou.nal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2013年第1期3卷 74-77页

作者： Ishaq Fu.sho Abdu. Abiodu. S. Adeniran Enoch u. Okpara Olalekan Ibu.u. Oyinloye Aisha Olu.atoyin Saka emmanuel A. Adekanye Mu.ammed Jimoh Saka Abiodu. Abdu. G. Jimoh Department of Epidemiology and Commu.ity Health University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Ilorin Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Ilorin Nigeria Department of Pediatrics University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Ilorin Nigeria Department of Radiology University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Ilorin Nigeria Women’s Health Attention Focu. (WHAF) Kosemani Hospital Ilorin Nigeria

A case of a 25 year old 2 alive Patient, with obstru.ted labou. with fetal death and delivery of the fetu. u. to the tru.k cau.ed by congenital Bilateral Hydronephrosis is presented. Obstetric examination on admission su.ported by Abdominal u.trasou.d revealed Bilateral Hydronephrosis which was then drained per abdomen u.ing needle and intravenou. flu.d giving set with eventu.l relief of the obstru.tion and vaginal delivery of the stillborn baby.

关键词： Obstru.ted Labou. Congenital Hydronephrosis Trans-Abdominal Drainage Vaginal Delivery Developing Cou.tries

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