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Demographic implications of lifehistory stage characteristics in two African acacias at a Makeni savanna plot in Zambia

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2008年第4期1卷 217-225页

作者： emmanuel Ngulube Chidumayo Biological Sciences Department University of ZambiaBox 32379LusakaZambia

Aims In spite of the importance of African acacias in vegetation succession and provision of goods and services,little is known about life-history variations within and among *** of the work done on African acacias has focused on seed predation and germination and seedling establishment,especially of Acacia tortilis,Acacia nilotica and Acacia *** primary aim of the present work is to investigate differences in the demography of Acacia polyacantha and Acacia sieberiana and the relationship between life-history characteristics and population size.A secondary objective is to assess how fire,an important ecological factor in savanna vegetation,might modify the growth and demographic dynamics of the two *** The study was conducted at the Makeni savanna plot in central Zambia,southern *** emergence from both non-scarified and scarified seeds sown at different times in the wet season and the fate and growth of seedlings and saplings were monitored over a period of 4 *** growth of permanently marked sample trees in annually burnt and fire-protected blocks was recorded over a 6-year period(2002–08)in order to assess inter-specific differences and how fire modifies tree growth *** of natural saplings and trees were conducted periodically in sample blocks to determine recruitment into these life-history *** findings Seedling emergence and sapling survival rates were much higher in *** than in ***,both seedling and sapling growth rates were higher in *** than in *** but tree growth rates were similar in the two *** fire protection tree growth was significantly influenced by tree size and year while under annual burning only tree size significantly affected tree *** dominance of *** over *** at the study site was attributed to higher seedling emergence rate,higher sapling survival rate and a large sapling bank that forms a

关键词： Acacia demography fire plant growth survivorship

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Traditional medicine in Tanzania:a review of historical perspective,current practices and challenges

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History & Philosophy of Medicine 2024年第4期6卷 7-15页

作者： Obadia Bishoge Robert Njee Yolanda Mbatia Judith Msovela Vitus Nyigo Mwanaidi Kafuye Justine Omolo Godfrey Mubyazi Calister Imeda emmanuel Peter Paul Kazyoba Michael Munga Shaban Katani Maryyusta Nguyamu Otilia Gowelle Mwanaidi Omary Richard Sunguruma Abel Mdemu Ahmed Abdallah Research Info.mation and Regulatory Affairs Department National Institute for Medical ResearchDar es Salaam 11101Tanzania Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Muhimbili University of Health and Allied SciencesDar es Salaam 65015Tanzania Research Coordination and Promotion Department National Institute for Medical ResearchDar es Salaam 11101Tanzania

The use of traditional medicine(TM)is essential for preventing and treating diseases and thus improving human ***,TM has been used since time *** Tanzania,the use of TM was most common during precolonial era before it was discriminated during the Germany colonial ***,it regained the attention during the private sector emergence era(1985-2004).Currently,there are ongoing efforts to integrate TM and modern medicine to improve healthcare systems in developing countries for sustainable healthcare *** review aims to provide an overview of the historical and current status,challenges,and future direction for TM in *** analysis revealed that the development of TM was somehow underdeveloped during the colonial rule but regained its popularity after ***,there are many opportunities such as the presence of legal and institutional frameworks,a varied medicinal biodiversity,with some of them being endemic to Tanzania,political will *** the available opportunities,there are numerous challenges to the development and use of *** include inadequate financial and human resources for research,poor conservation of medicinal biodiversity;modernization;intellectual property rights of TM knowledge;lack of safety,efficacy,and quality data of medicinal *** development and utility of TM as a resource is crucial to protect ***,the study recommends more capacity building in terms of finances,technology development,human resources training,advocacy and integration of TM into healthcare system.

关键词： traditional medicine historical perspective Tanzania

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Favorable response to subcutaneous administration of infliximab in rats with experimental colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第43期11卷 6843-6847页

作者： John K Triantafillidis Apostolos E Papalois Aikaterini Parasi emmanuel Anagnostakis Stavros Burnazos Aristofanis Gikas emmanuel G Merikas emmanuel Douzinas Maria Karagianni Helen Sotiriou Department of Gastroenterology Experimental Research Unit Department of Pathology

AIM： To investigate the influence of infliximab （Remicade） on experimental colitis produced by 2,4,6,trinitrobenzene sulfonic add （TNBS） in rats. METHODS： Thirty-six Wistar rats were allocated into four groups （three groups of six animals each and a fourth of 12 animals）. Six more healthy animals served as normal controls （Group 5）. Group 1： colitis was induced by intracolonic installation of 25 mg of TNBS dissolved in 0.25 mL of 50% ethanol and infliximab was subcutaneously administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg BW; Group 2： colitis was induced and infliximab was subcutaneously administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg BW; Group 3： colitis was induced and infliximab was subcutaneously administered at a dose of 15 mg/kg BW; Group 4： colitis was induced without treatment with infliximab. Infliximab was administered on d 2-6. On the 7^th d, all animals were killed. The colon was fixed in 10% buffered formalin and examined by light microscopy for the presence and activity of colitis and the extent of tissue damage. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-α） and malondialdehyde （MDA） were also measured. RESULTS： Significant differences concerning the presence of reparable lesions and the extent of bowel mucosa without active inflammation in all groups of animals treated with infliximab compared with controls were found. Significant reduction of the tissue levels of TNF-α in all groups of treated animals as compared with the untreated ones was found （0.47＋0.44, 1.09＋0.86, 0.43＋0.31 vs 18.73＋10.53 respectively）. Significant reduction in the tissue levels of MDA was noticed in group 1 as compared to group 4, as well as between groups 2 and 4. CONCLUSION： Subcutaneous administration of infliximab reduces the inflammatory activity as well as tissue TNF-α and MDA levels in chemical colitis in rats. Infliximab at a dose of 5 mg/kg BW achieves better histological results and produces higher reduction of the levels of TNF-α than at a dose of 10 mg/kg BW. Infliximab at a dose of 5 mg/kg BW produces

关键词： Experimental colitis Infliximab Inflammatorybowel disease Tumor necrosis factor-alpha Malondialdehyde Ulcerative colitis

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Overcoming barriers to COVID-19 vaccination of pregnant women

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2022年第1期2卷 29-33页

作者： emmanuel Lamptey Institute of Life and Earth Sciences(Including Health and Agriculture) Pan African UniversityUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria

COVID-19 in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of severe maternal illness,ICU admissions,mechanical ventilation and *** is the best way to protect pregnant women against these known risks of infection in *** is an urgent need to prioritize strategic responses to optimize vaccination among expectant *** this paper,we reviewed potential patient and healthcare provider barriers to COVID-19 immunization and propose effective strategies for overcoming them.

关键词： COVID-19 Vaccines Vaccination Pregnancy Barrier

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A Fractal Measure of Spatial Association between Landslides and Conditioning Factors

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Journal of Earth Science 2017年第4期28卷 588-594页

作者： Renguang Zuo emmanuel John M.Carranza State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Institute of Geosciences State University of Campinas (Uni Camp)

Measuring the relative importance and assigning weights to conditioning factors of land- slides occurrence are significant for landslide prevention and/or mitigation. In this contribution, a fractal method is introduced for measuring the spatial relationships between landslides and condition- ing factors （such as faults, rivers, geological boundaries, and roads）, and for assigning weights to condi- tioning factors for mapping of landslide susceptibility. This method can be expressed as p=C~, where d is the fractal dimension, and C is a constant. This relationship indicates a fractal relation between land- slide density （p） and distances to conditioning factors （6）. The case of d〉0 suggests a significant spatial correlation between landslides and conditioning factors. The larger the d （〉0） value, the stronger the spatial correlation is between landslides and a specific conditioning factor. Two case studies in South China were examined to demonstrate the usefulness of this novel method.

关键词： geological hazard landslides fractal spatial statistic.

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A case of splenic abscess after radiofrequency ablation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第26期12卷 4256-4258页

作者： Dimitris Zacharoulis emmanuel Katsogridakis Constantinos Hatzitheofilou Department of Surgery University Hospital of LarissaUniversity of ThessalyGreece

Radiofrequency ablation （RFA） is an innovative technique used primarily for the palliative treatment of unresectable liver tumors. Its therapeutic indications however, have been expanded and now include various other organs and diseases. There is a paucity of data regarding technical details and complications of the use of RFA in the spleen. We report a case of partial splenectomy using radiofrequency ablation for splenic hydatid disease, complicated by an abscess formation.

关键词： Radio frequency ablation Partial splenectomy Abscess Hydatid disease

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Fluid-induced high-temperature metasomatism at Rundv?gshetta in the Lützow-Holm Complex, East Antarctica: Implications for the role of brine during granulite formation

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第5期9卷 1309-1323页

作者： Kazuki Takahashi Toshiaki Tsunogae emmanuel Nwachukwu Ugwuonah Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of TsukubaIbaraki 305-8572Japan Department of Geology University of JohannesburgAuckland Park 2006South Africa Department of Geology Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu UniversityUliNigeria

We report new petrological, phase equilibria modeling, and fluid inclusion data for pelitic and mafic granulites from Rundv?gshetta in the highest-grade region of the Neoproterozoic Lützow-Holm Complex(LHC),East Antarctica, and provide unequivocal evidence for fluid-rock interaction and high-temperature metasomatism in the presence of brine fluid. The studied locality is composed dominantly of well-foliated pelitic granulite(K-feldspar+quartz+sillimanite+garnet+ilmenite) with foliation-parallel bands and/or layers of mafic granulite(plagioclase+orthopyroxene+garnet+ilmenite+quartz+biotite). The boundary between the two lithologies is defined by thin(about 1 -20 cm in thick) garnet-rich layers with a common mineral assemblage of garnet+plagioclase+quartz+ilmenite+biotite ? orthopyroxene. Systematic increase of grossular and decrease of pyrope contents in garnet as well as decreasing Mg/(Fe+Mg) ratio of biotite from the pelitic granulite to garnet-rich rock and mafic granulite suggest that the garnet-rich layer was formed by metasomatic interaction between the two granulite lithologies. Phase equilibria modeling in the system NCKFMASHTO demonstrates that the metasomatism took place at 850 -860℃, which is slightly lower than the peak metamorphism of this region, and the modal abundance of garnet is the highest along the metapeliteemetabasite boundary(up to 40%), which is consistent with the field and thin section observations. The occurrence of brine(7.0 -10.9 wt.% Na Cleqfor ice melting or 25.1 -25.5 wt.% NaC leqfor hydrohalite melting) fluid inclusions as a primary phase trapped within plagioclase in the garnet-rich layer and the occurrence of Cl-rich biotite(Cl = 0.22 -0.60 wt.%) in the metasomatic rock compared to that in pelitic(0.15 -0.24 wt.%) and mafic(0.06-0.13 wt.%) granulites suggest infiltration of brine fluid could have given rise to the high-temperature metasomatism. The fluid might have been derived from external sources possibly related to the formation

关键词： High-temperature metasomatism Brine Phase equilibrium modeling Fluid inclusion Gondwana Lützow-Holm Complex

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Weighing in on monkeypox against the criteria of public health emergency

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Global Health Journal 2023年第2期7卷 117-119页

作者： emmanuel Lamptey Institute of Life and Earth Sciences(Including Health and Agriculture) Pan African UniversityUniversity of IbadanNigeria

The monkeypox,a viral zoonotic disease usually found in forest areas of Central and Western Africa,has spread worldwide through new modes of transmission little *** WHO on 23 July 2022,declared the virus a Public Health Emergency of International Concern(PHEIC).The declaration has stirred criticism from leading scientists that the criteria for PHEIC as defined by International Health Regulation have not been met and it is non-transparent and *** paper reviews the criteria of PHEIC and weighs the rationales behind the declaration to increase the clarity of the WHO's decision,justifications,and legitimacy in the ongoing outbreak.

关键词： Monkeypox Public health Emergencies

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Bicoid Signal Extraction with a Selection of Parametric and Nonparametric Signal Processing Techniques

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinfo.matics 2015年第3期13卷 183-191页

作者： Zara Ghodsi emmanuel Sirimal Silva Hossein Hassani The Statistical Research Centre Bournemouth University Institute for International Energy Studies (ⅡES)

The maternal segmentation coordinate gene bicoid plays a significant role during Drosophila embryogenesis. The gradient of Bicoid, the protein encoded by this gene, determines most aspects of head and thorax development. This paper seeks to explore the applicability of a variety of signal processing techniques at extracting bicoid expression signal, and whether these methods can outperform the current model. We evaluate the use of six different powerful and widely-used models representing both parametric and nonparametric signal processing techniques to determine the most efficient method for signal extraetion in bicoid. The results are evaluated using both real and simulated data. Our findings show that the Singular Spectrum Analysis technique proposed in this paper outperforms the synthesis diffusion degradation model for filtering the noisy protein profile of bicoid whilst the exponential smoothing technique was found to be the next best alternative followed by the autoregressive integrated moving average.

关键词： Bicoid Drosophila melanogaster Signal extraction Signal processing

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Discharge Plasma Assisted Adsorbents for Exhaust Treatment: A Comparative Analysis on Enhancing NO_x Removal

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Plasma Science and Technology 2008年第3期10卷 307-312页

作者： B.S.RAJANIKANTH Dipanwita SINHA P.emmanuel Department of High Voltage Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India

An analysis has been made on the discharge plasma coupled with an adsorbent system for NOx removal. The cascaded plasma-adsorbent system may be perceived as a better alternative for the existing adsorbent-based abatement system in the industry. In this study the exhaust is sourced from a diesel generator set. It was observed that better NO removal in a plasma reactor can be made possible by achieving higher average fields and subsequent NO2 removal can be improved using an adsorbent system connected in cascade with the plasma system. The paper describes various findings pertaining to these comparative analyses.

关键词： NOx removal engine exhaust discharge plasma plasma-adsorbent non- thermal plasma

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