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Modeling the Ionosphere during Quiet Time Variation at Ouagadougou in West Africa

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2018年第2期8卷 163-170页

作者： emmanuel nanema Doua Allain Gnabahou Christian Zoundi Frédéric Ouattara Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Recherche en Météorologie de l’Espace (LAREME) Université Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso

Ionosphere parameters determination is used to characterize its composition in particles. These results have been compared to data curried from Ouagadougou station. The present study deals with Total Electron Contents (TEC) results determined by Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) version 1.94 and International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) version 2012 during solar cycle 22. The minimum and maximum phases of solar cycle 22 are considered in this study for TEC determination. The station is located at Ouagadougou, in western Africa, characterized by its latitude (12.4°N) and longitude (358.5°E). The present study completes the two previous articles on hmF2 and foF2 parameters determination on the same station by comparison between TEC results carried out from TIEGCM and IRI models. So that, quiet time condition is determined by Aa (≤20 nT) for the five quietest days in each characteristic month of seasons. Rz values characterize minimum and maximum solar cycle phases.

关键词： Ionosphere TEC Solar Cycle Phases TIEGCM IRI

Extent and Structure of Phenotypic Variability in Solenostemon rotundifolius Germplasm from Ghana and Burkina Faso

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 146-164页

作者： Ignace Tonde Romaric Kiswendsida nanema Alphonse Tegawende Sawadogo Department of Plant Biology and Plant Physiology Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso É quipe Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Laboratoire Biosciences Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Solenostemon rotundifolius is a species belonging to the Lamiaceae family. It is currently one of the minor plants of high socio-economic interest. One of the limitations to promoting this species in Burkina Faso is the lack of varieties that meet consumers’ demands. Implementing a breeding program is an important step toward achieving this goal. Such a program is based on the variability of agronomical traits of interest within evaluated germplasm. This study aimed to assess the level of two germplasms variability of S. rotundifolius from Ghana and Burkina Faso for traits related to vegetative development, cycle, and yield. Agromorphological characterization of 174 accessions, including 116 from Ghana and 58 from Burkina Faso was carried out in Randomised Complete Block Design with three replications. The characterization was made on the basis of fifteen (15) quantitative traits related to the canopy and leaf size, the cycle, and the yield. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences between accessions within each germplasm for all the evaluated traits. The analysis of the structuration of this agromorphological variability allowed organizing the accessions into different groups. These results could lead to the identification of accessions within each germplasm for breeding purposes or future research on genotype-environment interactions.

关键词： Lamiaceae Tuber Germplasm Agromorphological Variability

Gold Mineralisation in the Intiédougou Prospect (Diébougou District) in Southwest Burkina Faso, West African Craton

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 63-77页

作者： Yao Honoré Koffi Wendkouni Passecdé Pauline Zongo nanema Mathieu Urbain Wenmenga Département de Géosciences UFR Sciences Biologiques Université Peleforo Gon COULIBALY Korhogo C&#244te d’Ivoire UFR Sciences et Technologie Université de Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Département des Sciences de la Terre UFR Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre Université Ouaga I Pr. Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina-Faso

The Intiédougou located in the Houndé Birimian greenstone belt has been the subject of several mining and geoscience studies that have led to the discovery of mineralized gold targets. One of these mineralized targets has prompted work that raises the issue of control factors for the gold mineralization of the prospect. The methodology used in this study combines a study of core drill hole data located in the area and laboratory studies. The Intiédougou sector is based on andesito-basaltic, andesitic interstratified volcanoclastite rocks and Tarkwaïen type detrital sedimentary rocks caught in a vice in the volcano-sedimentary unit. Lithostructural analysis of the sector shows that the subvolcanic rocks bearing gold mineralization are subjected to heterogeneous ductile to brittle deformations and affected by hydrothermalism evolving at stages marked by large fissure fillings. These hydrothermal phases evolve in the zones of expansion created by the brittle deformations that have contributed to the deposits of different types of gold-enriched sulphides. These different phases of hydrothermal destabilization generally of low degree accompany the tardi to post-eburnean brittle tectonics. This deformation system is favorable to the establishment of gold mineralization in the form of vein bodies. The overimposition of deformed and altered areas suggests a genetic relationship between deformation and hydrothermal activity. In conclusion, the mineralization of Intiédougou in vein styles, set up in a volcanic arc environment with a paragenesis of gold-pyrite deposit ± chalcopyrite would be controlled by the structural aspect and accompanied by hydrothermal alteration.

关键词： Intiédougou Prospect Shear Hydrothermal Tarkwaïan Gold Mineralization

Statistical Study of foF2 Diurnal Variation at Dakar Station from 1971 to 1996:Effect of Geomagnetic Classes of Activity on Seasonal Variation at Solar Minimum and Maximum

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第3期6卷 201-208页

作者： Ali Mahamat Nour Ouattara Frederic Zerbo Jean Louis Gyebre Aristide Marie Frederic nanema emmanuel Zougmore Francois Laboratoire de Materiaux et Environnement(LAME) UFR SEA Universite de OuagadougouOuagadougouBurkina Faso Laboratoire de Recherche en Energetique et Meteorologie de l’Espace(LAREME) Universite de KoudougouKoudougouBurkina Faso Institut des Sciences Exactes et Appliquees(ISEA) Universite Polytechnique de Bobo DioulassoBobo DioulassoBurkina Faso Centre National de Recherches Scientifiques et Techniques(CNRST) Institut de Recherches Scientifiques Appliquees et Technologies(IRSAT)OuagadougouBurkina Faso

The statistical study of F2 layer critical frequency at Dakar station from 1971 to 1996 is carried out. This paper shows foF2 statistical diurnal for all geomagnetic activities and all seasons and that during solar maximum and minimum phases. It emerges that foF2 diurnal variation graphs at Dakar station exhibits the different types of foF2 profiles in African EIA regions. The type of profile depends on solar activity, season and solar phase. During solar minimum and under quiet time condition, data show?the signature of a strength electrojet that is coupled with intense counter electrojet in the afternoon. Under disturbed conditions,?mean intense electrojet is observed in winter?during fluctuating and recurrent activities. Intense counter electrojet is seen under fluctuating and shock activities in all seasons coupled with strength electrojet in autumn. In summer?and spring under all geomagnetic activity condition, there is intense counter electrojet. During solar maximum, in summer and spring there is no electrojet under geomagnetic activity conditions.?Winter shows a mean intense electrojet. Winter and autumn are marked by the signature of the reversal electric field.

关键词： foF2 Diurnal Variation Solar Cycle Phases Geomagnetic Activity Classes Seasonal Effects E Region Electric Currents

Farmers’ Perception of Phenotypic Variation of Different Types of Sorghum Cultivated in Burkina Faso

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第10期14卷 1085-1100页

作者： Sévérin Tuina Josiane Tiendrebéogo Mariam Kiébré Nerbéwendé Sawadogo Romaric Kiswendsida nanema É quipe Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Laboratoire Biosciences Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Sorghum bicolor is a multi-purpose species adapted to many agroecological zones of Burkina Faso. In the local farming system, different types of sorghum are cultivated together. Such farming conditions could increase gene flow between the different types of sorghum and contribute to the evolution of their main morphological characteristics. Understanding the effect of the farming system on the characteristics of different types of sorghum could contribute to building a strategy for the management of its genetic diversity. A survey and accessions collection was carried out in ten villages selected in two agroclimatic zones of Burkina Faso. A total of 133 accessions were collected and thirty local names were recorded. The results revealed a significant variability within sorghum characteristics based on farmers’ descriptions. Four types of sorghum were identified by farmers based on their uses. These are sweet grain sorghum, grain sorghum, sweet sorghum and dyer sorghum. Most of farmers (54.6%) practised intercropping, and 28.86% of them intercropped several types of sorghum in the same or nearby fields. A high coincidence of the flowering period of the types of sorghum was observed by farmers in both agroclimatic zones. The results also showed that most of the farmers (55.7%) noted changes in the morphological characteristics of different types of sorghum. These variations included the reduction in potential yields and changes in grain taste and colour within the same type. Understanding these variations could help conserve and sustain sorghum genetic resources in Burkina Faso.

关键词： Sorghum bicolor Ethnobotanical Knowledge Genetic Diversity Burkina Faso

Genetic Relationship between Sweet Grain Sorghum and the Other Sorghum Types Cultivated in Burkina Faso Assessed with Nuclear Microsatellite Markers SSRs

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第6期13卷 872-883页

作者： Josiane Tiendrebéogo Nerbéwendé Sawadogo Mariam Kiébré Zakaria Kiébré Sévérin Tuina Tégawendé Alphonse Sawadogo Kiswendsida Romaric nanema Renan Ernest Traoré Mahamadi Hamed Ouédraogo Mahamadou Sawadogo équipe Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Laboratoire Biosciences Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

In Burkina Faso, sweet grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is generally cultivated in association with several other types of sorghum. However, the lack of information on the genetic relationship between this sorghum and grain sorghum as well as sweet stalk sorghum hinders the efficient management of its genetic resources. Thus, 34 sorghum accessions consisting of 14-grain sorghum, 10-sweet stalk sorghum, and 10 sweet grain sorghum were evaluated using 15 nuclear microsatellites markers (SSRs) to determine their genetic relationship. Results revealed significant genetic diversity within each sorghum type and a significant index of genetic differentiation per pair of sorghum types (0.017) between sweet grain sorghum and sweet stalk sorghum. The minimum Nei distance was also high (0.12) between these two sorghum types. Sweet grain sorghum indeed showed the lowest values of theoretical heterozygosity (0.35), of observed heterozygosity (0.13). Structuring of the accessions of the three types of sorghum cultivated in two distinct groups, one of grain sorghum and sweet stalk sorghum and another consisting of accessions of grain sorghum and sweet grain sorghum was also obtained. The low differentiation observed would suggest greater genetic proximity between the three types of sorghum. The differences observed would be more of a physiological and biochemical nature. These results could contribute to better management of the genetic resources of sweet grain sorghum.

关键词： Sorghum Markers Genetic Diversity Phylogeny Burkina Faso

Genetic Diversity of Local Rice Accessions Cultivated in Guinea Based on Agro-Morphological Traits and Identification of Sources of Tolerance to Iron Toxicity

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第10期12卷 1070-1088页

作者： Mamadou Laho Barry Nerbéwendé Sawadogo Mahamadi Hamed Ouédraogo Kiswendsida Romaric nanema Sawa Camara Moussa Sié Pauline Bationo-Kando Mahamadou Sawadogo Genetic and Plant Breeding Team (EGAP) Biosciences Laboratory Doctoral School of Science and Technology Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Guinea Institute of Agronomic Research (IRAG) Conakry Guinea Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

In Guinea, traditional rice varieties are the most widely cultivated in rural areas despite their low yield and high susceptibility to iron toxicity. Moreover, the introduction of new improved varieties tolerant to iron toxicity poses a serious threat to the preservation of the genetic resources of these traditional varieties, whose genetic diversity remains poorly known. The present study therefore aims at a better valorisation of these local rice cultivars through the evaluation of their agromorphological diversity and the identification of genotypes potentially tolerant or resistant to iron toxicity. Thus, 90 accessions collected in the regions of Kindia and Macenta and six controls susceptible or resistant to iron toxicity (AZUCENA, BOUAKE 189, CK 73, IR64, NERICAL 19 and AURYLUX 6) were evaluated in three replicate alpha lattice designs in two sites (Sérédou and Kilissi) using 16 agromorphological traits. The results showed significant agromorphological variability of the traditional accessions at both sites for all qualitative and most quantitative traits studied. In addition, 30 local cultivars expressed similar or higher grain yields than the resistant or tolerant controls at both sites, of which 12 were found to be stable at both sites. Of the 12 cultivars identified, five were resistant and seven tolerant to iron toxicity. These 12 accessions could be used in the varietal improvement of lowland rice in Guinea Conakry.

关键词： Local Varieties Oryza Genetic Variability Environmental Stress Guinea

Frequency and Factors Associated with Depression in Rheumatoid Arthritis in African Black Patients: Case-Control Study

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2019年第2期9卷 35-41页

作者： Wendlassida Joelle Tiendrébéogo Zabsonré Fulgence Kaboré Désiré nanema Binta Savadogo Alassane Dravé Camille Sompougdou Moussa Ouédraogo Dieu-Donné Ouédraogo Department of Rheumatology University Hospital of Bogodogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Psychiatry University Hospital of Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Department of Neurology University Hospital of Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso

Objective: To study the frequency and factors associated with depression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) among Black African patients. Patients and methods: It was a case-control study with a group of patients with RA (case) and a group of healthy subjects without rheumatoid arthritis (con-trols) matched by age and sex. All patients admitted to the rheumatologic department during February 2015 to July 2015 for rheumatoid arthritis meeting the criteria ACR/EULAR 2010, were included. Patients with high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, renal failure or HIV infection have been excluded. Depression was assessed by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Results: Fifty patients with RA were included and compared to 100 healthy controls. For RA patients, it was 39 (78%) female and 11 (22%) male with a sex ratio of 0.28. In the control group, it was 77 (77%) female and 23 (23%) male with a sex ratio of 0.29. Twenty-seven (54%) patients with RA had depression compared with 17 (17%) subjects in the control group (p = 0.000). Impaired quality of life and a DAS 28 score greater than 3.2 were statistically associated with depression during RA with a p value respectively of 0.021 and 0.0000231. Conclusion: Depres-sion is significantly more common during RA than in non-RA controls. RA patients should be screened routinely for depression in order to ensure improved treatment and management.

关键词： Rheumatoid Arthritis Depression Africa Burkina Faso