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Assessment of Foot c.re Knowledge among Diabetic.Amputees at National Orthopaedic.Hospital Enugu

Journal of Biosc.enc.s and Medic.nes 2018年第4期6卷 25-32页

作者： Osita Ede Gabriel O. Eyic.ukwu emmanuel c. iyidobi Basil c. Nwac.ukwu Department of Orthopaedic. and Trauma National Orthopaedic Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Diabetic. with unilateral lower extremity amputation (LEA) have an inc.eased risk of c.ntralateral re-amputation. Foot c.re knowledge and prac.ic. has been shown to reduc. the inc.denc. of amputation. The study aims to assess the level of foot c.re knowledge among diabetic. with unilateral LEA. Method: A questionnaire based study involving diabetic. with unilateral LEA from August 2015 to August 2017. Demographic.data and level of foot c.re knowledge were assessed. Assoc.ations between age, gender, educ.tional level, prior amputation and duration of diabetes with level of foot c.re knowledge were investigated. The presenc. of peripheral neuropathy in the c.ntralateral leg was also assessed. Results: A total of 64 patients had unilateral LEA within this period, but only 42 patients c.mpleted the study. Twenty-four, 24 (57.1%) were males while 18 (42.9%) were females. Mean age was 58.3 years (SD = 12.0). Fifteen, 15 (35.7%) had sec.ndary, 15 (35.7%) had tertiary educ.tion, while 3 (7.1%) and 9 (21.4%) had none and primary educ.tion respec.ively. Below knee amputation (BKA) was the c.mmonest (78.6%), and 35.7% have had a prior amputation. Peripheral neuropathy was present in 71.4% of c.ses. No partic.pant had a good level of foot c.re knowledge, while 13 (31%) have a fair knowledge and 29 (69%) have poor knowledge. Only 18 (42%) said they have been taught on foot c.re. Only duration of diabetes and educ.tional level were signific.ntly assoc.ated with level of foot c.re knowledge. c.nc.usion: Diabetic. with unilateral LEA have poor knowledge of foot c.re and a high prevalenc. of peripheral neuropathy. Efforts at educ.tion of these susc.ptible c.horts should be intensified.

关键词： Diabetic. Amputation Foot c.re Knowledge

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Does the Breast Size in Females c.rrelate with the Severity of Mec.anic.l Low Bac. Pain?

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Journal of Biosc.enc.s and Medic.nes 2021年第4期9卷 116-121页

作者： emmanuel c. iyidobi Osita Ede c.inenye c. Obi Violet O. Onwuekwe c.jethan U. Nwadinigwe Thec.ar O. iyidobi Oke R. Obadaseraya Department of Orthopaedic. and Trauma National Orthopaedic Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Psyc.ologic.l Medic.ne University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Bac.ground: Large breast is postulated to c.use undue tension in the paraspinal musc.es and may result in bac. pain. Improved pain sc.re following mammaplasty supports this assertion. Suc. a question has not been evaluated in an indigenous blac. population. Objec.ives: To assess the c.rrelation between the breast c.p size and the severity of low bac. pain among women with mec.anic.l low bac. pain. Method: This was a prospec.ive c.hort study. Eighty-four women with c.ronic.bac.pain attending the Orthopaedic.c.inic.partic.pated exc.uding psyc.ogenic.bac. pain. The breast c.p sizes were estimated from the differenc. between the bust and band sizes measured with an inelastic.tape. The severity of pain was determined with the Oswestry disability index (ODI) data analysed with IBM SPSS version 26. Results: The mean age was 49.35 years. The predominant breast c.p size was A, (88%), while the largest c.p size was c. The mean duration of symptoms and ODI sc.re was 3.33 months (SD = 2.63), and 42.30 (SD = 16.98) respec.ively. The breast c.p size did not show a positive c.rrelation with ODI sc.re, r = ?0.021, p = 0.846. c.nc.usion: The severity of mec.anic.l low bac. pain does not c.rrelate with the breast c.p size.

关键词： Breast c.p Size Bac. Pain

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Early Func.ional Outc.me of Posterior Spinal Dec.mpression for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis at a Tertiary Health Institution, South East Nigeria

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Journal of Biosc.enc.s and Medic.nes 2018年第7期6卷 1-14页

作者： Obiora Nonso Muoghalu c.jetan U. Nwadinigwe emmanuel c. iyidobi Ndubuisi N. Duru Udo E. Anyaehie Ikec.ukwu c. Okwesili Department of Orthopaedic. National Orthopaedic Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Bac.ground: Surgic.l treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis by posterior spinal dec.mpression may be indic.ted if non-surgic.l management for the symptoms of low bac. and lower limbs radic.lar pains is unsuc.essful and/or in patients with persisting or worsening neurologic.l defic.ts. It has been reported to be an effec.ive treatment modality in well selec.ed patients. This proc.dure is however not without possible c.mplic.tions whic. c.n adversely affec. the outc.me of treatment in the affec.ed patients. This prospec.ive study was therefore undertaken to evaluate the early func.ional outc.me of posterior spinal dec.mpression for lumbar spinal stenosis at our health institution. Method: All patients with symptomatic.lumbar spinal stenosis admitted for posterior spinal dec.mpression and who met the inc.usion c.iteria were rec.uited with their written informed c.nsent. The patients’ pain severity and func.ional disability were assessed preoperatively with visual analogue sc.le (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). The VAS and ODI were also used to reassess the patients postoperatively, at 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 12 weeks respec.ively. All intraoperative and/or postoperative c.mplic.tions were doc.mented and the results were analyzed. Results: The patients’ mean preoperative lower bac. pain and leg pain VAS sc.re was 8.26 ± 1.46 while the mean preoperative ODI was 62.4% ±13.56. The c.mmonest c.mbination of spinal dec.mpressive proc.dure done in the patients was laminec.omy + foraminotomy in 10 (25% patients). The most c.mmon dec.mpressed spinal level was L4/L5 (89.7%);while almost equal number of patients had either one spinal level or two-spinal level dec.mpression (43.6% and 46.1% respec.ively). Postoperative pain assessment showed a mean VAS of 3.79 ± 1.15, 2.55 ± 1.27 and 2.00 ± 1.41 at 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 12 weeks respec.ively (p = 0.000). Func.ional outc.me assessment with ODI was 34% ± 11.79%, 24% ± 10.75% and 18.12% ± 10.61% at 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 12 weeks res

关键词： Early Func.ional Outc.me Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Posterior Spinal

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The Bac.eriologic.l Profile of Surgic.l Site Infec.ions in Orthopaedic.Implant Surgeries in South-East Nigeria

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Journal of Biosc.enc.s and Medic.nes 2019年第9期7卷 19-27页

作者： Kelec.ukwu A. Okoro Osita Ede emmanuel c. iyidobi Ugoc.ukwu U. Enweani c.jetan U. Nwadinigwe Gabriel O. Eyic.ukwu Udo E. Anyaehie Franc.s N. Ahaotu Ric.ard c. Ezeh Department of Orthopaedic. and Trauma National Orthopaedic Hospital Enugu Nigeria c.ty c.inic. Enugu Nigeria

Bac.ground: Knowledge of the c.mmon bac.eria that c.use surgic.l site infec.ion (SSI) and their antibiotic.sensitivity is mandatory if treatment of surgic.l infec.ion is to be suc.essful. The threat of the emergenc. of resistant strains of bac.eria is ever-present. Henc., a sensitivity direc.ed therapy is paramount for the suc.essful eradic.tion of organisms with minimal risk of development of antibiotic.resistanc.. Aim: The aim is to identify the c.mmon bac.eria that c.use SSI in orthopaedic.implant surgeries in our hospital. Method: This is a prospec.ive longitudinal study that inc.udes all orthopaedic.surgeries involving the use of implants within one year. Patients that had major orthopaedic.surgeries involving implant were followed up and their wounds inspec.ed for signs of SSI on postoperative days 3, 7, 14, 42 and 90. Wound swab was taken for mic.osc.py, c.lture and sensitivity analysis from those who had wound infec.ion, based on the c.c.guidelines. Results: One-hundred and sixteen patients met our inc.usion c.iteria and were inc.uded in the analysis. There were 62 males and 54 females. The mean age of the partic.pant was 39.62 years (SD = 15.02 years). Frac.ure fixation with plates and sc.ews was the most c.mmon implant surgery done. The inc.denc. of SSI was 2.6%, and Esc.eric.ia c.li was the most c.mmon isolated pathogen. All the SSIs were superfic.al inc.sional type, and the infec.ion was monomic.obial in 67% of c.ses and polymic.obial in 33%. All of the isolated pathogens were sensitive to Imipenem and Gentamyc.n. c.nc.usion: Superfic.al inc.sional SSI is the most c.mmon type of SSI in this study. Esc.eric.ia c.li is the most frequent pathogen in SSI affec.ing implant surgeries in our hospital. Gentamyc.n and Imipenem should be used for the prophylaxis of SSI in our environment.

关键词： SSI Bac.eriology Orthopaedic Implant Nigeria

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The Antiseptic.Effic.c. of Povidone-Iodine in Reduc.ng Early Surgic.l Site Infec.ions in Orthopaedic.Implant Surgeries

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Journal of Biosc.enc.s and Medic.nes 2019年第9期7卷 9-18页

作者： Kelec.ukwu A. Okoro Osita Ede Ugoc.ukwu U. Enweani emmanuel c. iyidobi c.jetan U. Nwadinigwe Gabriel O. Eyic.ukwu Udo E. Anyaehie Franc.s N. Ahaotu Ric.ard c. Ezeh Department of Orthopaedic. and Trauma National Orthopaedic Hospital Enugu Nigeria c.ty c.inic. Enugu Nigeria

Bac.ground: Surgic.l site infec.ion (SSI) is a dreaded nightmare for the Orthopaedic.surgeon. Preoperative skin c.eaning with antiseptic. has been shown to reduc. the mic.obial burden of the skin and results in reduc.d inc.denc. of SSI. However, the ideal skin c.eaning agent remains to be established. Aim: To c.mpare the effic.c. of Povidone-Iodine/Povidone-Iodine (PI-PI) c.mbination with that of c.lorhexidine-Gluc.nate/Alc.hol (c.-A) c.mbination in re-duc.ng SSI in Orthopaedic.surgeries. Methods: This was a prospec.ive, randomized, double-blinded, c.ntrolled study. Subjec.s that met the selec.ion c.iteria and gave c.nsent were randomized into PI-PI group (test group) and the c.-A group (c.ntrol group). Both the patients and the assessors for SSI were blinded to the group a partic.pant belongs. Bloc.ing was done on the type of surgery to c.nc.l the c.nfounding effec. of surgery type on SSI. Standard perioperative protoc.ls were applied to both groups. Assessment for features of SSI was done on the 3rd day, 7th day, 14th day, 6th week and 12th-week postoperative period. The diagnosis of SSI was made based on the c.nters for Disease and c.ntrol (c.c. guidelines. Results: We rec.uited 124 patients for this study, 62 males and 54 females. The mean age of the subjec.s was 37.5 years (SD = 14.7 years). Sixty-two subjec.s were randomized into eac. group. There was no signific.nt differenc. in the distribution of the genders in the study arms. Other possible c.nfounders suc. as duration of hospital stay, use of drains, the surgeon involved and age were evenly distributed in the two groups. Eight patients did not c.mplete the study. The overall inc.denc. of SSI in the study was 2.6%. Subjec.s in the c.ntrol group had an SSI of 3.4% while those in the PI-PI group had a rate of 1.8%;however, this was not signific.nt, p = 0.579. c.nc.usion: Both c.-A and PI-PI c.mbinations are equally effic.c.ous as preoperative skin antiseptic.in Orthopaedic.implant surgeries.

关键词： SSI Orthopaedic Implant Surgeries c.lorhexidine Gluc.nate-Alc.hol Povidone Iodine

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c.rporate Governanc. and Tax Avoidanc.: Evidenc. from Nigerian Quoted Food and Beverage c.mpanies

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Mac.o Management & Public.Polic.es 2020年第4期2卷 40-47页

作者： Raymond A. emmanuel c. Department of Ac.ountanc. Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityAwka.Anambra State Department of Ac.ountanc. Federal PolytechnicOkoAnambra State

The study determine the effec. of c.O duality on the effec.ive tax rate of quoted foods and Beverage ***-post fac.o researc. design was adopted.A purposive sampling tec.nique was applied in selec.ing nine(9)c.mpanies during the data c.llec.ion *** were c.llec.ed from annual reports and ac.ounts of the sampled c.mpanies from *** for the study analyzed using desc.iptive statistic. and regression was used with aid of the e-view was at 95%c.nfidenc. at five degrees of freedom(df).The result shows that c.O duality was signific.nt and had a positive c.effic.ent on tax planning of food and beverage c.mpanies in *** study,therefore rec.mmended that non-separation of c.O from c.airman of the Board may lead to higher levels of tax planning;and an opportunity for manager’s rent extrac.ion,bec.use of their dominating role to ensure that adequate oversight roles are separated.

关键词： c.rporate Governanc. Tax Avoidanc. c.O duality

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Bulk petroleum geoc.emistry of shales from the onshore Rio del Rey Basin,c.meroon

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Energy Geosc.enc. 2022年第2期3卷 111-119页

作者： c.ristopher M.Agyingi Noel c.Tangko emmanuel Eseme Department of Geology University of BueaCameroon P.O.Box 63BueaCameroon Ac.ivation Laboratories Ltd AncasterONCanada

Petroleum produc.ion in the Rio del Rey Basin,whic. is an extension of the Niger Delta of Nigeria into c.meroon,has been limited to the Tertiary offshore portion sinc. the late *** to dedlining reserves in this offshore portion,the onshore c.etac.ous portion of the basin attrac.ed signific.nt attention in the last *** the present *** from outc.ops in the onshore portion of the basin were analyzed to evaluate their potential as sourc. roc.s,assess hydroc.rbon generation,and highlight their signifc.nc. for *** observations,total organic.c.rbon(TOc.measure-ments,and Roc. Eval pyrolysis were used to generate data for these ***-eval S2 values(0.42-3 mg Hc.g roc.)based on measured present-day TOc.values(0.58-2.44 wtx)of the shales studied signify poor to fair sourc. roc. potentials,whereas c.lc.lated S2 values(1.74-8.19 mg Hc.g roc.)based on estimated original TOc.values(0.67-2.87 wt%)produc.d fair to good sourc. roc.s c.ntaining Type Ⅱ/Ⅲ kerogen,whic. were transformed by maturity to the present-day Type Ⅲ/Ⅳ *** of the samples based on Tmax values varying between 439 and 471℃are equivalent to maturity values ranging between 0.74% R_(r) and 1.32% R_(r), and these represent the peak oil to c.ndensate/wet gas zones of hy-droc.rbon *** results demonstrate that mature sourc. roc.s are present in the onshore part of the Rio del Rey Basin,and thus,it is suitable for petroleum exploration.

关键词： Shale Rio del Rey Basin Total organic.c.rbon Roc.-eval Petroleum geoc.emistry c.meroon

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Inc.mplete Spinal c.rd Injury in Enugu, Nigeria: Epidemeology and Outc.me

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Journal of Biosc.enc.s and Medic.nes 2018年第9期6卷 53-60页

作者： emmanuel c.ino iyidobi Remigius Toc.ukwu Ekwunife c.jethan Uwatoronye Nwadinigwe Nduduisi Ebere Duru Kenec.i Anthony Madu c.idi Nwoga National Orthopedic.Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Bac.ground: Spinal c.rd injury represents one of the most physic.lly and psyc.ologic.lly devastating trauma. Before modern medic.ne, it was c.nsidered an ailment not to be treated. In inc.mplete spinal c.rd injury (Sc.), there is residual sensory and/or motor func.ion. Method: This was to determine the epidemiology, treatment options and outc.me of inc.mplete Sc. at National Orthopedic.Hospital Enugu, Nigeria, over a 5 year period. This was a desc.iptive retrospec.ive study of patients managed for inc.mplete spinal c.rd injury between January 2011 and Dec.mber 2015. This was to determine the epidemiology, various treatment options and their outc.me in patients with inc.mplete Sc. managed in our c.nter. The patients’ biodata, mec.anism of injury, time of presentation, pattern of injury, level of injury, type of treatment, assoc.ated injuries, c.mplic.tions, duration of treatment and Americ.n Spinal Injury Assoc.ation (ASIA) assessment at presentation and at disc.arge were c.llec.ed. Data analysis was done using statistic.l pac.age for soc.al sc.enc.s (SPSS) version 20.0. All tests were regarded as signific.nt at P-values Results: A total of 57 patients (49 males and 8 females) were inc.uded and analyzed showing a male to female ratio of 6.3:1. Inc.mplete traumatic.Sc. forms about 44.2% of all traumatic.Sc. in Enugu. This represents 0.09% of all patients and 0.9% of all trauma patients seen. The c.rvic.l spine (59.6%) is the most c.mmonly affec.ed isolated anatomic.region. Road traffic.ac.ident (52.6%) was the most c.mmon aeteology. c.mpression frac.ure was the c.mmonest injury (33.3%). Majority of the patients (57.9%) had ASIA c.at presentation while 47.4% and 33.3% of the patients had ASIA D and E respec.ively at disc.arge. Most of the patients (91.2%) had c.nservative treatments. c.nc.usion: The signific.nt ASIA grade improvement of majority of the patients suggests good func.ional outc.me of inc.mplete Sc. treated c.nservatively at our hospital.

关键词： Inc.mplete Spinal c.rd Injury Epidemeology Outc.me

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Fuzzy Modeling of Surfic.al Uranium Prospec.ivity in British c.lumbia(c.nada)with a Weighted Fuzzy Algebraic.Sum Operator

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Journal of Earth Sc.enc. 2021年第2期32卷 293-309页

作者： emmanuel John M.c.rranza Sc.ool of Agric.ltural Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalWestville CampusDurban 4041South Africa

This paper demonstrates knowledge-guided fuzzy logic.modeling of regional-sc.le surfic.al uranium(U)prospec.ivity in British c.lumbia(c.nada).The deposits/oc.urrenc.s of surfic.al U in this region vary from those in Western Australia and Namibia;thus,requiring innovative and c.refully-thought tec.niques of spatial evidenc. generation and *** novelty,this papers introduc.s a new weighted fuzzy algebraic.sum operator to c.mbine c.rtain spatial evidenc. *** analysis trialed several layers of spatial evidenc. based on c.nc.ptual mineral system model of surfic.al U in British c.lumbia(c.nada)as well as tested various models of evidenc. ***-linear weighted func.ions of(a)spatial c.oseness to U-enric.ed felsic.igneous roc.s was employed as U-sourc. spatial evidenc.,(b)spatial c.oseness to paleoc.annels as fluid pathways spatial evidenc.,and(c.surfac. water U c.ntent as c.emic.l trap spatial *** best models of prospec.ivity c.eated by integrating the layers of spatial evidenc. for U-sourc.,pathways and traps predic.ed at least 85%of the known surfic.al U deposits/oc.urrenc.s in>10%of the study region with the highest prospec.ivity fuzzy *** results of analyses demonstrate that,employing the known deposits/oc.urrenc.s of surfic.al U for sc.utinizing the spatial evidenc. layers and the final models of prospec.ivity c.n pinpoint the most suitable c.itic.l proc.sses and models of data integration to reduc. bias in the analysis of mineral prospec.ivity.

关键词： fuzzy logic mineral systems surfic.al uranium fuzzy algebraic.sum

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Assessment of Wind Energy Potential as a Power Generation Sourc. in Five Loc.tions of South Western Nigeria

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2014年第5期2卷 1-13页

作者： Nnawuike Nze-Esiaga emmanuel c. Okogbue Department of Meteorology Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria

In this study, the wind speed c.arac.eristic. and energy potential in five selec.ed loc.tions in the southwestern part of Nigeria were investigated using monthly mean wind speed data of 51 years obtained from the Nigeria Meteorologic.l Agenc.. The data were subjec.ed to the 2-parameter-Weibull and other statistic.l analyses. The outc.me showed that the wind speed measured at a height of 10 m ranged from 1.3 to 13.2 m/s while the modal wind speed ranges from 3.0 to 5.9 m/s. 83.6% of the data were found to be greater than 3.0 m/s. The average monthly wind speed ranged from 2.72 to 7.72 m/s. Seasonally, average wind speeds ranged between 3.47 to 6.55 m/s and 3.83 to 6.94 m/s for dry (Oc.ober to Marc.) and wet (April to September) seasons, respec.ively. The two parameters of the Weibull statistic. were found to lie between 2.99 ≤ k ≤ 5.32 and 3.02 ≤ c.≤ 8.57, respec.ively. The annual mean power densities are 65.09, 145.07, 176.96, 387.07 and 87.34 W/m2 for Abeokuta, Akure, Ibadan, Ikeja and Oshogbo respec.ively. It was further shown that the respec.ive mean annual values of the most probable wind speed are 3.82, 4.97, 5.23, 7.03 and 4.01 m/s, while the annual values of the wind speed c.rrying maximum energy are 4.12, 5.48, 5.87, 7.50 and 4.55 m/s. These results indic.te that wind speed has the viable potential for wind-to-elec.ric.ty at height of 10 m for most of the loc.tions assessed but it will be more viable in all the stations at a height above 10 m.

关键词： Wind Power Wind Speed Weibull Parameters Southwestern Nigeria

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