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Immobilization of Lactobacillus plantarum NCIMB 8826 ameliorates Citrobacter rodentium induced lesions and enhances the gut inflammatory response in C57BL/6 weanling mice

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2022年第1期4卷 447-458页

作者： emman.el kyereh Diana Coulon Ingeborg Langohr Anne Raggio Michael Keenan Subramaniam Sathivel School of Nutrition and Food Sciences Louisiana State University Agriculture Center220 H.D.Wilson LaboratoriesLSU Agricultural CenterBaton RougeLA 70803USA Bioassay Core Laboratory Agricultural CenterLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLAUSA Department of Pathobiological Sciences Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLAUSA Department of Biological and Agriculture Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLAUSA

Infectious diarrhea is a major cause of infant mortality in most developing countries. In this research, we evaluated the potential of immobilized Lactobacillus plantarum NCIMB 8826 on weanimix infant cereal and its effectiveness in reducing the severity of Citrobacter rodentium-induced diarrhea in weanling mice. Thirty-six C57BL/6 weanling mice were placed into four groups (n = 9 each;negative, positive, prevention and cure). Mice received either L. plantarum (109 CFU/g) immobilized on weanimix infant cereal 3 days before C. rodentium (109 CFU/ ml) infection (Prevention) or 3 days after C. rodentium infection (Cure). A positive control group was infected with C. rodentium only, while a nega-tive control group received neither L. plantarum nor C. rodentium. Positive control mice showed colonic mucosal and submucosal inflammation, erosion, and mucosal epithelia hyperplasia with the C. rodentium infection. Mice in the prevention and cure groups had less severe histologic alterations in the colon. Some beneficial effect of L. plantarum was observed in cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, which stimulates water and electrolytes absorption to reduce diarrhea. Our findings demonstrated that L. plantarum NCIMB 8826 could be immobilized on weanimix infant cereal to help reduce diarrhea during weaning.

关键词： Probiotics Citrobacter rodentium Lactobacillus plantarum Inflammation Weanimix

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Natural Regeneration Dynamics of Tree Seedlings on Skid Trails and Tree Gaps Following Selective Logging in a Tropical Moist Semi-Deciduous Forest in Ghana

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Open Journal of Forestry 2014年第1期4卷 49-57页

作者： Akwasi Duah-Gyamfi Boateng kyereh Kwame A. Adam Victor K. Agyeman Michael D. Swaine Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Forestry Research Institute of Ghana Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Kumasi Ghana Ghana Timber Millers Organization Kumasi Ghana Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen Aberdeen UK

One of the main threats to the sustainability of timber production in naturally managed forests in Ghana is insufficient regeneration of timber tree species. This study assessed regeneration success of a logged forest by comparing the species composition, diversity, density, recruitment, mortality, and growth of naturally established seedlings in 160 seedling plot samples of 50 m2 located randomly on main skid trails, secondary skid trails, felled tree gaps and unlogged parts of the same forest. The study was done within a 134-ha compartment in a selectively logged moist semi-deciduous forest in Ghana over a period of 33 months involving four enumerations. Seedlings population was initially dominated by pioneers, but after 33 months, population in all sites was dominated by non-pioneers. Seedling densities showed an increase initially in all the sites after logging, but declined after 10 months. The high seedling densities were driven by four (Albizia zygia, Ceiba pentandra, Celtis mildbraedii and Turreanthus africanus) out of the 37 species that regenerated. All four species exhibited a period of exceptionally high new seedling recruitment in the first 10 months. Diversity differed significantly among disturbance types initially, but after 33 months diversity was lower in the unlogged areas though not significant. Seedling mortality was initially greater in unlogged areas of the forest and growth rates higher in the logged areas. These results show that disturbed areas appear to be suitable sites for the regeneration of timber species following logging, although the long-term fate of trees growing on these areas remains uncertain as growth rates declined with time.

关键词： Disturbance Forest Succession Ghana Logging Regeneration Tropical Moist Semi-Deciduous Forest

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