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Access to insulin delivery devices and glycated haemoglobin in lower-income countries

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World Journal of Diabetes 2020年第8期11卷 358-369页

作者： emma Louise Klatman Graham David Ogle Life for a Child Program GlebeNSW 2037Australia

BACKGROUNDYoung people with type 1 diabetes in low-and-middle income countries facemany challenges in accessing care, with various essential supplies needed forsurvival and long-term *** study insulin delivery devices and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) *** survey was conducted in 2019 of leading diabetes centres in 41 countriessupported by the Life for a Child Program. The survey covered numerous aspectsconcerning availability and costs at all levels of the health system, local usagepatterns and attitudes, obstacles, and other ***-seven countries returned the survey (90.2% response rate). Key findingsincluded: Syringe use was most common (83.1%), followed by insulin pens(16.7%) and pumps (0.2%). 48.6% of public health systems did not providesyringes, even with a co-payment. Use of suboptimal syringe/needlecombinations was common. Needles were generally reused in almost all countries(94.3%, n = 35). Aside from donated supplies, there was variable access to HbA1ctesting within public health facilities, and, when available, patients often had tocover the cost. Provision was further compromised by numerous problemsincluding stock-outs, and challenges with understanding the test, equipmentmaintenance, and *** gaps exist for adequate access to appropriate insulin delivery devices andHbA1c testing. Public health systems in low-and-middle income countries shouldincrease affordable provision. There are also needs for specific health professional training and diabetes education;elimination of customs duties and taxes;development of inexpensive, robust HbA1c testing methods that do not requirerefrigeration of testing supplies;differential pricing schemes;and other solutions.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Diagnostics Glycated haemoglobin Syringes Insulin Access

Analytical evaluation and experimental validation on dynamic rocking behavior for shallow foundation considering structural response

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2022年第1期21卷 37-51页

作者： Kil-Wan Ko Jeong-Gon ha Dong-Soo Kim Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering UC BerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA Advanced Structures and Seismic Safety Research Division Daejeon 34057Korea Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering KAISTDaejeon 34141Korea

The challenge in the practical application of rocking foundations is the estimation of its performance,particularly the rotation angle,during a strong *** this study,the dynamic rocking behavior for a shallow foundation considering structural response was evaluated through two analytical approaches:the conventional soil-foundation-structure interaction(SFSI)governing equation of a single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF)structure on a rocking shallow foundation,and the Housner rocking model(i.e.,a rocking rigid block on a rigid base).Both approaches were validated with dynamic centrifuge *** test models consisted of a soft soil deposit,a shallow rectangular foundation,and an SDOF structure dominated by a bending behavior.A total of 11 foundation-structure systems and six seismic waves,including recorded earthquake signals and sinusoidal waves,were *** results showed that the conventional SFSI equation well predicted the maximum rotation during strong ***,this method was less accurate regarding the rotational phase information and maximum rotation of the foundation during weak *** the other hand,although the modified Housner′s rocking model required five parameters relevant to a soil-foundation-structure system,it overestimated the maximum rotation of the foundation when compared with the results from dynamic centrifuge tests.

关键词： soil-foundation-structure interaction maximum rotation angle rocking foundation Housner rocking model dynamic centrifuge test

LR members in inflammation-associated arcinogenesis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第5期14卷 403-405页

作者： ha Zhu Xuetao Cao Institute of Immunology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310058 China National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology Second Military Med- ical University Shanghai 200433 China Department of Immunology & Center for Immu- notherapy Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100005 China

Chronic inflammation is regarded as an impor- tant factor in cancer progression. In addition to the immune surveillance function in the early stage of tumorigenesis, inflammation is also known as one of the hallmarks of cancer and can supply the tumor microenvironment with bioactive mole- cules and favor the development of other hallmarks of cancer, such as genetic instability and angiogen- esis, Moreover,

关键词： NLR members inflammation-associated carcinogenesis

Endoscopic resection of gastric and esophageal cancer

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Gastroenterology Report 2015年第4期3卷 330-338,I0002页

作者： Bryan Balmadrid Joo ha Hwang Division of Gastroenterology University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA

Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)and endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)techniques have reduced the need for surgery in early esophageal and gastric cancers and thus has lessened morbidity and mortality in these *** is a relatively new technique in western countries and requires rigorous training to reproduce the proficiency of Asian countries,such as Korea and Japan,which have very high complete(en bloc)resection rates and low complication *** plays a valuable role in early esophageal *** has shown better en bloc resection rates but it is easier to master and maintain proficiency in EMR;it also requires less procedural *** early esophageal adenocarcinoma arising from Barrett’s,ESD and EMR techniques are usually combined with other ablative modalities,the most common being radiofrequency ablation because it has the largest dataset to prove its *** EMR techniques have been used with some success in early gastric cancers but ESD is currently preferred for most of these *** has the added advantage of resecting into the submucosa and thus allowing for endoscopic resection of more aggressive(deeper)early gastric cancer.

关键词： endoscopic submucosal dissection endoscopic mucosal resection endoscopic ablation early gastric cancer early esophageal cancer

An Automatically Filtering Blacklist Model of Social Network Based on Semantic Web

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Journal of harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2014年第6期21卷 67-73页

作者： Le ha Guo-Zi Sun College of Computer Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications Jiangsu High Technology Research Key Laboratory for Wireless Sensor Networks

According to the features of the semantic web technology,it is very suitable to solve the security issue of the current social network ***,in this paper,it extends the existing ontology model of the social network with some relevant classes,and introduces a brand new ontology which is used to represent the malicious *** introducing these models,a method of identifying the malicious message is ***,the experiments and simulations analyze the feasibility of the whole *** results validate that the malicious users can be automatically filtered,and some worthy digital evidence can be effectively provided to forensic investigators.

关键词： social network semantic web ontology OWL digital evidence

Wearable Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on Printed Polyvinylidene Fluoride Films Incorporated with Cobalt-Based Metal-Organic Framework for Self-Powered Mobile Electronics

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 396-403页

作者： Myeong-Hyeon Kim Sang-Joon Park Tae-Jun ha Department of Electronic Materials Engineering Kwangwoon UniversitySeoul 01897Korea

In this study,wearable triboelectric nanogenerators comprising bar-printed polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)films incorporated with cobalt-based metal-organic framework(Co-MOF)were *** enhanced output performance of the TENGs was attributed to the phase transition of PVDF from a-crystals toβ-crystals,as facilitated by the incorporation of the *** synthesis conditions,including metal ion,concentration,and particle size of the MOF,were optimized to increase open-circuit voltage(VOC)and open-circuit current(I_(SC))of PVDF-based *** addition to high operational stability,mechanical robustness,and long-term reliability,the developed TENG consisting of PVDF incorporated with Co-MOF(Co-MOF@PVDF)achieved a VOC of 194 V and an I_(SC)of 18.8μ***,the feasibility of self-powered mobile electronics was demonstrated by integrating the developed wearable TENG with rectifier and control units to power a global positioning system(GPS)*** local position of the user in real-time through GPS was displayed on a mobile interface,powered by the battery charged through friction-induced electricity generation.

关键词： bar printing phase transition polyvinylidene fluoride incorporated with cobalt-based metal-organic framework self-powered mobile electronics wearable triboelectric nanogenerators

Effects of major ozonated autohemotherapy in the treatment of dry age related macular degeneration: a randomized controlled clinical study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2012年第6期5卷 708-713页

作者： emma Borrelli Angelica Diadori Alessandro Zalaffi Velio Bocci Department of Surgery and Bioengineering Policlinico LeScotte University of Siena Ophthalmological Ambulatory Territorial Health Unit 7 Department of Ophthalmological and Neurological Sciences Policlinico Le Scotte University of Siena Department of Physiology University of Siena

AIM: To evaluate the effect of systemic ozonated major autohaemotherapy (O3-AHT) in patients affected by dry age related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: This study was a randomized, controlled clinical study. One hundred and forty patients with the diagnosis of AMD in both eyes, with the study eye presenting dry AMD and soft drusen, were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either receive 27 major ozonated autohemotherapy treatments during 12-month period, or a standardized multi-vitamin therapy. Primary outcome was the change in best corrected visual acuity (mean logMar change) between the baseline and 6 and 12 months, end point of the study. In addition, to investigate the safety of prolonged ozonated autohaemotherapy, we measured the routine haemato- chemical parameters and biochemical oxidative stress values at baseline and after 12 months treatment time. RESULTS: The mean baseline best corrected visual acuity in study eyes was 0.36 in the treatment group and 0.38 in the control group (difference not statistically significant). At the primary endpoint, 6 months post-baseline, the mean logMAR change in the treated group improved by 0.1 and the values of the control group at the same time impaired by 0.2 respect to the baseline. Four percent and twenty-five percent of eyes in the group treated with O3-AHT gained 1 or more lines after 6 and 12 months respectively compared to 0% in the eyes which received no treatment (P haematochemical parameters showed a decrease in the Reactive Oxygen Metabolites (300±10.1 UCARR at 12 months compared to a baseline value of 380±10.4 UCARR, P <0.05

关键词： retinopathy ozone therapy macular degeneration

An assessment of African lion Panthera leo sociality via social network analysis： prerelease monitoring for an ex situ reintroduction program

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Current Zoology 2017年第3期63卷 301-311页

作者： emma J. DUNSTON Jackie ABEL Rebecca E. DOYLE Jacqui KIRK Victoria B. HILLEY Andrew FORSYTH emma JENKINS Rafael FREIRE School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 Australia Social and Conservation Psycology Coventry University Coventry CV1 5FB UK African Lion & Environmental Research Trust Melrose Farm Livingstone 23345 Zambia Animal Welfare Science Centre The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia African Lion & Environmental Research Trust Antelope Park Gweru Midlands Zimbabwe Siyafunda The Greater Makalali Private Game Reserve Harmony 27 Hoedspruit 0895 South Africa

The wild population of the African lion Panthera leo continues to decline, requiring alternate conservation programs to be considered. One such program is ex situ reintroduction. Prior to release, longterm monitoring and assessment of behavior is required to determine whether prides and coalitions behave naturally and are sufficiently adapted to a wild environment. Social network analysis （SNA） can be used to provide insight into how the pride as a whole and individuals within it, function. Our study was conducted upon 2 captive-origin prides who are part of an ex situ reintroduction program, and 1 wild pride of African lion. Social interactions were collected at all occurrence for each pride and categorized into greet, social grooming, play, and aggression. Betweenness centrality showed that offspring in each pride were central to the play network, whereas degree indicated that adults received （indegree） the greatest number of overall social interactions, and the adult males of each pride were least likely to initiate （outdegree） any interactions. Through the assessment of individual centrality and degree values, a social keystone adult female was identified for each pride. Social network results indicated that the 2 captive-origin prides had formed cohesive social units and possessed relationships and behaviors comparable with the wild pride for the studied behaviors. This study provided the first SNA comparison between captive-bred origin and a wild pride of lions, providing valuable information on individual and pride sociality, critical for determining the success of prides within an ex situ reintroduction program.

关键词： African lion Panthera leo conservation ex situ reintroduction social interactions.

Detection of Chlamydophila psittaci from feral pigeons in environmental samples:problems with currently available techniques

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第1期5卷 63-69页

作者： Ila GEIGENFEIND Daniel ha AG-WACK ERNAGEL Department of Biomedicine Institute of AnatomyUniversity of BaselBaselSw itzerland

Chlamydophila psittaci(Lillie,1930)Everett et al.,1999,the pathogenic agent of human ornithosis,is widespreadin feral pigeon populations and many cases of transmission from feral pigeons to humans have been *** of the present study was to detect *** in environmental samples to find out more about possibletransmission routes and,therefore,to assess the zoonotic risk for *** samples were collected from nestboxes in a feral pigeon ***,samples were taken from the feather dust film covering the water surface ofpublic fountains where pigeons regularly *** samples were tested for the presence of chlamydial antigenusing an antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to prove shedding of *** by feral *** testdetects a genus specific lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of the chlamydial *** were testedusing the IDEIA PCE Chlamydia Test kit(DakoCytomation)and positive results were verified with IDEIA ChlamydiaBlocking Reagents(DakoCytomation).The IDEIA PCE Chlamydia Test yields a high proportion of positive ***,when IDEIA Chlamydia Blocking was performed,most of the positive results turned out to be negative orcould not be *** conclude that antigen-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests are not suitable fordetecting *** in environmental *** publications where no blocking test was used should bereconsidered critically.

关键词： antigen-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Chlamydophila psittaci Columba livia environmen-tal samples zoonosis