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Predicting Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index for Fada n’Gourma by 2050 Using CMPI-6 Outputs under SSPs Scenarios

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2025年第1期14卷 31-42页

作者： Tog-noma Patricia emma Bontogho Andrew Ireson Dominic Boateng-Gyambiby Abdullahi Dini High Institute of Sustainable Development University Yembila Abdoulaye ToguyéniBP 54 Fada N’GourmaBurkina Faso Global Institute for Water Security School of Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonCanada Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics University of Energy and Natural Resourcescity P.O.Box 214SunyaniGhana

Extreme weather events,such as floods and droughts,are expected to rise significantly worldwide as a result of climate *** future drought patterns is therefore a key approach for elaborating anticipatory water resources management responses to climate *** this paper,future meteorological drought conditions are investigated based on the SPEI(Standardised Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index).This study makes use of observed and projected *** simulated data were retrieved from the CMIP6(Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6)over the period 2025-2050,and the Delta change method was adopted to remove the bias in the *** SPEI at various scales has been estimated under four future scenarios(SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5).The trend analysis of the projected SPEI was performed at png the MMK(Modified Mann-Kendall)test in order to detect the statistically significant trend of the drought against the null hypothesis of no *** show large variability in the magnitude of drought in the past and *** on SPEI at 24 months accumulation,the result shows that under SSP1-2.6,the basin will experience a wet period during the first decade(SPEI=0.60),the second decade will be dry(SPEI24=-0.43).The remaining years will be also dry(SPEI=-0.34).Under SSP2-4.5,SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios,the district will experience a wet period during the first two decades with SPEI ranging from 0.38 to *** wet period will be followed by a dry period under these scenarios ranging from-0.14 ***,under SSPs scenarios,two main periods characterized by a rainfall recovery spanning from followed by a moderately prolonged drought are identified within the study *** findings of this study may provide valuable information for developing proactive measures to reduce water insecurity in Fada n’Gourma through effective drought mitigation.

关键词： Climate change drought index CMPI-6 Fada n’Gourma SSP-scenarios.

Quantifying Electrochemical Processes in Batteries and Beyond

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第4期5卷 1001-1004页

作者： emma n.Antonio Michael F.Toney Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderBoulderColorado 80309USA Joint Center for Energy Storage Research(JCESR) University of Colorado BoulderBoulderColorado 80309USA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado BoulderBoulderColorado 80309USA Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute University of Colorado BoulderBoulderColorado 80309USA

The correlation of electrochemical measurements with materials characterization has advanced our understanding of operation and degradation mechanisms in electrochemical energy storage and many other ***,often these correlations are qualitative,preventing the unambiguous identification of both operational principles and the root causes of performance *** we suggest quantitative approaches to define competing mechanisms and determine their relative *** illustrate the importance of quantitative methodologies over a range of electrochemical systems and highlight the need to consider the effect of the experimental design and measurement *** approaches will reveal the most detrimental degradation mechanisms and enable the development of strategies to suppress,stabilize or eliminate them,leading to materials and devices with longer lifetimes,reduced environmental impact,and improved performance.

关键词： electrochemistry in situ and operando characterization batteries quantification materials science

Physico-chemical characteristics and heavy metal concentrations of copper mine wastes in Zambia:implications for pollution risk and restoration

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第4期31卷 1283-1293页

作者： Mutale n.Chileshe Stephen Syampungani emma Sandell Festin Mulualem Tigabu Abolfazl Daneshvar Per Christer Odén School of natural Resources Copperbelt UniversityBox 21692KitweZambia Faculty of Forest Sciences Southern Swedish Forest Research CentreSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesBox 4923053 AlnarpLommaSweden Department of Biology Faculty of Basic Sciences and EngineeringGonbad Kavous UniversityShahid Fallahi StreetBasirat BlvdBox 163Gonbad-e-KavousGolestanIran

Soil characterization is a vital activity to develop appropriate and effective restoration protocols for mine wastelands while insights into the total content of heavy metals in the soil is an important step in estimating the hazards that the metals may pose to the vital roles of soil in the *** study addressed the following research questions:(1)To what extent do the physico-chemical characteristics vary between mine waste sediments and the nearby forest soil?(2)Are the concentrations of heavy metals high enough to be considered as toxic?and(3)Are heavy metals present in mine waste sediments potential sources of pollution?We hypothesized that the physicochemical characteristics of mine waste sediments are less favorably for plant establishment and growth while the concentrations of heavy metals are very high,thus restricting the success of revegetation of mine waste *** waste sediments were sampled following a diagonal transect across tailings dams,overburden dump sites and the local forest soil from the top layer(0-20 cm)using a closed *** were analyzed for arsenic,barium,lead,cadmium,cobalt,copper,chromium,nickel,vanadium,and zinc as well as for soil physico-chemical *** mine waste sediments were dominated by silt whilst the forest soil by sand particles,with significantly high bulk density in the *** the forest soil and overburden sediments were acidic than the alkaline tailings dam *** organic carbon and nitrogen contents were significantly low in mine wasteland substrates but the concentration of Ca and Mg were significantly higher in tailings dam substrate than the forest *** concentrations of available P,K and na were similar across *** mean concentrations of heavy metals were significantly(pn mine waste sediments than the forest soil;except for cadmium(p=0.213).The order of contamination by heavy metals on the tailings was Cu>Co>Ba>ni>As>Zn>Pb>Cr>V>Cd,and that on the overburd

关键词： Contamination factors Overburden material Phytostabilization Pollution load index Tailings dam

Progresses in restoration of post-mining landscape in Africa

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第2期30卷 381-396页

作者： emma Sandell Festin Mulualem Tigabu Mutale n.Chileshe Stephen Syampungani Per Christer Oden Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre Swedish University of Agricultural Science School of natural Resources Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Copperbelt University

Mining alters the natural landscape and discharges large volumes of wastes that pose serious pollution hazards to the environment, to human health and to agriculture. As a result, the recent 2 decades have witnessed a global surge in research on post-mining landscape restoration, yielding a suite of techniques including physical, chemical, biological(also known as phytoremediation) and combinations. Despite the long history of mining in Africa, no systematic review has summarized advances in restoration research and practices after mining disturbance. Thus, the aim of this review was to document the state-of-knowledge and identify gaps in restoration of postmining landscape in Africa through literature review. We found that:(1) there has been substantial progress in identifying species suitable for phytoremediation;(2) few studies evaluated the feasibility of organic amendments to promote autochthonous colonization of mine wastelands or growth of planted species; and(3) restoration of limestone quarries in Kenya, sand mining tailings in South Africa,and gold mine wasteland in Ghana are successful cases of large-scale post-mining restoration practices in ***, the pace of post-mining landscape restoration research and practice in Africa is sluggish compared to other parts of the global south. We recommend:(1)mainstreaming the restoration of mine wastelands in national research strategies and increased development planning to make the mining sector ‘‘Green'';(2) inventory of the number, area, and current status of abandoned mine lands;(3) expanding the pool of candidate species for phytostabilization;(4) further evaluating the phytostabilization potential of organic amendments, e.g., biochar;(5)assessing the impacts of mining on regional biodiversity.

关键词： Phytoremediation Phytostabilization Reclamation Remediation Tailing dams

Using induced pluripotent stem cells as a tool for modelling carcinogenesis

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第2期7卷 461-469页

作者： emma L Curry Mohammad Moad Craig n Robson Rakesh Heer northern Institute for Cancer Research Paul O’Gorman BuildingMedical SchoolNewcastle University

Cancer is a highly heterogeneous group of diseases that despite improved treatments remain prevalent accounting for over 14 million new cases and 8.2 million deaths per year. Studies into the process of carcinogenesis are limited by lack of appropriate models for the development and pathogenesis of the disease based on human tissues. Primary culture of patient samples can help but is difficult to grow for a number of tissues. A potential opportunity to overcome these barriers is based on the landmark study by Yamanaka which demonstrated the ability of four factors;Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc to reprogram human somatic cells in to pluripotency. These cells were termed induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs) and display characteristic properties of embryonic stem cells. This technique has a wide range of potential uses including disease modelling, drug testing and transplantation studies. Interestingly i PSCs also share a number of characteristics with cancer cells including self-renewal and proliferation, expression of stem cell markers and altered metabolism. Recently, i PSCs have been generated from a number of human cancer cell lines and primary tumour samples from a range of cancers in an attempt to recapitulate the development of cancer and interrogate the underlying mechanisms involved. This review will outline the similarities between the reprogramming process and carcinogenesis, and how these similarities have been exploited to generate i PSC models for a number of cancers.

关键词： Induced pluripotent stem cells Cancer Model Reprogramming

Can gene editing reduce postharvest waste and loss of fruit, vegetables, and ornamentals?

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 51-71页

作者： emma n.Shipman Jingwei Yu Jiaqi Zhou Karin Albornoz Diane M.Beckles Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Plant Biology Graduate Group University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Graduate Group of Horticulture&Agronomy University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Departamento de Produccion Vegetal Universidad de ConcepcionRegion del BioBioConcepcionChile

Postharvest waste and loss of horticultural crops exacerbates the agricultural problems facing humankind and will continue to do so in the next *** and vegetables provide us with a vast spectrum of healthful nutrients,and along with ornamentals,enrich our lives with a wide array of pleasant sensory *** commodities are,however,highly *** 33%of the produce that is harvested is never consumed since these products naturally have a short shelf-life,which leads to postharvest loss and *** loss,however,could be reduced by breeding new crops that retain desirable traits and accrue less damage over the course of long supply *** gene-editing tools promise the rapid and inexpensive production of new varieties of crops with enhanced traits more easily than was previously *** aim in this review is to critically evaluate gene editing as a tool to modify the biological pathways that determine fruit,vegetable,and ornamental quality,especially after *** provide brief and accessible overviews of both the CRISPR-Cas9 method and the produce supply ***,we survey the literature of the last 30 years,to catalog genes that control or regulate quality or senescence traits that are"ripe"for gene ***,we discuss barriers to implementing gene editing for postharvest,from the limitations of experimental methods to international *** conclude that in spite of the hurdles that remain,gene editing of produce and ornamentals will likely have a measurable impact on reducing postharvest loss and waste in the next 5-10 years.

关键词： crops editing harvest

Estimation of the carbon pool in soil and above-ground biomass within mangrove forests in Southeast Mexico using allometric equations

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第1期25卷 129-134页

作者： Jesús Jaime Guerra-Santos Rosa María Cerón-Bretón Julia Griselda Cerón-Bretón Diana Lizett Damián-Hernández Reyna Cristina Sánchez-Junco emma del Carmen Guevara Carrió Centro de Investigación de Ciencias Ambientales-Universidad Autónoma del Carmen Av.Abasolo s/n.Col.Renovación 2da.Sección C.P.24180.Cd.del CarmenCampecheMéxico

We report the results of carbon stored in soil and aboveground biomass from the most important area of mangroves in Mexico, with dominant vegetation of Red mangrove （Rhizophora mangle L.）, Black mangrove （Avicennia germinans L.）, white mangrove （Laguncularia racemosa Gaertn.） and button mangrove （Conocarpus erectus L.）. We sampled soils with high fertility during the dry season in 2009 and 2010 at three sites on Atasta Peninsula, Campeche. We used allometric equations to estimate above ground biomass （AGB） of trees. AGB was higher in C. erectus （253.18±32.17 t？ha-1）, lower in A. germinans （161.93±12.63 t？ha-1）, and intermediate in R. mangle （181.70±16.58 t？ha-1） and L. racemosa （206.07±19.12 t？ha-1）. Of the three studied sites, the highest absolute value for AGB was 279.72 t？ha-1 in button mangrove forest at any single site. Carbon stored in soil at the three sites ranged from 36.80±10.27 to 235.77±66.11 t？ha-1. The Tukey test （p 〈0.05） made for AGB was higher for black mangrove showed significant differences in soil carbon content between black mangrove and button mangrove. C. erectus had higher AGB compared with the other species. A. germinans trees had lower AGB because they grew in hypersaline environments, which reduced their development. C. erectus grew on higher ground where soils were richer in nutrients. AGB tended to be low in areas near the sea and increased with distance from the coast. A. germinans usually grew on recently deposited sediments. We assumed that all sites have the same potential to store carbon in soil, and then we found that there were no significant differences in carbon content between the three samples sites： all sites had potential to store carbon for long periods. Carbon storage at the three sampling sites in the state of Campeche, Mexico, was higher than that reported for other locations.

关键词： carbon storage Rhizophora mangle Laguncularia racemosa,Avicennia germinans tree biomass

Inhibition of vascular adhesion protein-1 modifies hepatic steatosis in vitro and in vivo

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第11期12卷 931-948页

作者： emma L Shepherd Sumera Karim Philip n newsome Patricia F Lalor Centre for Liver and Gastroenterology Research Birmingham National Institute for Health ResearchBirmingham Biomedical Research CentreInstitute of Immunology and ImmunotherapyUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTWest MidlandsUnited Kingdom Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth HospitalUniversity Hospitals BirminghamBirmingham B152TTWest MidlandsUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUnD non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(nAFLD)is associated with obesity,insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia and currently is estimated to affect up to a third of all individuals in developed *** standard of care for patients varies according to disease stage,but includes lifestyle interventions common insulin sensitizers,antioxidants and lipid ***,to date specific therapies have shown little histological or fibrosis stage improvement in large clinical trials,and there is still no licensed therapy for *** the high prevalence,limited treatment options and significant screening costs for the general population,new treatments are urgently *** To assess the potential for inhibition of the amine oxidase enzyme vascular adhesion protein-1(VAP-1)to modify hepatic lipid accumulation in *** We have used immunochemical and qPCR analysis to document expression of VAP-1 and key functional proteins and transporters across the nAFLD *** then utilised hepatocytes in culture and human precision cut liver slices in concert with selective enzyme activity inhibitors to test the effects of activating the semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase activity of VAP-1 on hepatic lipid uptake and triglyceride export.A murine model of nAFLD was also used to determine the consequences of VAP-1 knockout and gene expression arrays were used to quantify the effects of VAP-1 activity on key lipid modifying and proinflammatory gene *** We confirmed that increasing severity of nAFLD and progression to cirrhosis was associated with a significant increase in hepatocellular VAP-1 *** in vitro exposed to recombinant VAP-1 and its substrate methylamine showed increased lipid accumulation as determined by quantification of Oil Red O *** was recapitulated using hydrogen peroxide,and lipid accumulation was accompanied by changes in expression of the lipid transporter molecules FABP3,FATP6,insulin recep

关键词： non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Hepatocyte Lipid Cell biology Vascular adhesion protein-1 Steatosis

novel hybrid biocomposites for tendon grafts:The addition of silk to polydioxanone and poly(lactide-co-caprolactone)enhances material properties,in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第7期25卷 291-306页

作者： Behzad Shiroud Heidari emma Muiños Lopez emma Harrington Rui Ruan Peilin Chen Seyed Mohammad Davachi Benjamin Allardyce Rangam Rajkhowa Rodney Dilley Froilán Granero-Moltó Elena M.De-Juan-Pardo Minghao Zheng Barry Doyle Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research QEII Medical CentreNedlands and the UWA Centre for Medical ResearchThe University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia School of Engineering The University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies Australia Cell Therapy Area Centro de Investigaci´on M´edica AplicadaIDISNAUniversidad de NavarraPamplonaSpain Centre for Orthopaedic Research Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia Department of Biology and Chemistry Texas A&M International UniversityLaredoTXUSA Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin UniversityGeelongVIC3216Australia Perron Institute for neurological and Translational Science NedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia

Biopolymers play a critical role as scaffolds used in tendon and ligament(TL)*** advanced biopolymer materials have been proposed with optimised mechanical properties,biocompatibility,degradation,and processability,it is still challenging to find the right balance between these ***,we aim to develop novel hybrid biocomposites based on poly(p-dioxanone)(PDO),poly(lactide-co-caprolactone)(LCL)and silk to produce high-performance grafts suitable for TL tissue *** containing 1-15%of silk were studied through a range of characterisation *** then explored biocompatibility through in vitro and in vivo studies using a mouse *** found that adding up to 5%silk increases the tensile properties,degradation rate and miscibility between PDO and LCL phases without agglomeration of silk inside the ***,addition of silk increases surface roughness and *** vitro experiments show that the silk improved attachment of tendon-derived stem cells and proliferation over 72 h,while in vivo studies indicate that the silk can reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines after six weeks of ***,we selected a promising biocomposite and created a prototype TL graft based on extruded *** found that the tensile properties of both individual fibres and braided grafts could be suitable for anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)repair applications.

关键词： Biocomposite Tendon graft Silk Fibre extrusion Biodegradable scaffolds Anterior cruciate ligament