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Older Men with Intermediate to High Risk Prostate Cancer-Patterns of Care and Outcomes of Treatment

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Exercise training improves long-term memory in ob.se mice

Journal of Cancer Therapy（癌症治疗） 2012年第5期

作者： emma b. holliday Gregory P. Swanson Fei Du Joseph W. b.sler

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Life Metab.lism 2024年第1期3卷 37-50页

作者： Oliver K.Fuller Casey L.Egan Tina L.Rob.nson Nimna Perera Heidy K.Latchman Lauren V.Terry emma D.McLennan Carolina Chavez emma L.b.rrows John W.Scott Rob.n M.Murphy Henriette van Praag Martin Whitham Mark A.Feb.raio Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoria3052Australia La Trob. Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoria3086Australia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoria3052Australia Department of b.omedical Sciences Charles E.Schmidt College of Medicineand Stiles-Nicholson Brain InstituteFlorida Atlantic UniversityJupiterFL 33458United States College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom

Ob.sity has b.en linked to a range of pathologies,including *** contrast,regular physical activity is associated with the prevention or reduced progression of ***,physical activity can improve memory and spatial cognition,reduce age-related cognitive decline,and preserve b.ain volume,b.t the mechanisms are not fully ***,we investigated whether any detrimental effects of high-fat diet(HFD)-induced ob.sity on cognition,motor b.havior,adult hippocampal neurogenesis,and b.ain-derived neurotrophic factor(b.NF)could b. mitigated b. voluntary exercise training in male C57b./6 ***-induced impairment of motor function was not reversed b. ***,voluntary wheel running improved long-term memory and increased hippocampal neurogenesis,suggesting that regular physical activity may prevent cognitive decline in ob.sity.

关键词： ob.sity exercise cognition

Does the scent of a potential mate prevent the resorption of oocytes b. apoptosis in Nauphoeta cinerea？

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Insect Science 2009年第5期16卷 393-398页

作者： emma L. b. b.rrett Allen J. Moore Patricia J. Moore Centre for Ecology and Conservation School of Biosciences University of Exeter Cornwall Campus Penryn Cornwall UK

We expect organisms to have evolved mechanisms to gather and use the information availab.e within their environments, to steer resource investment decisions toward the traits that will give the greatest fitness returns. Pheromones are social signals, a common purpose of which is to act as indicators of mate presence. Consequently, pheromones have the potential to act as signals to increase or maintain reproductive investment over that of competing life-history traits. In the cockroach, Nauphoeta cinerea （Oliver）, females pay costs of maintaining investment in reproduction when there are no males, and males produce pheromones that are known to effect female reproductive outcomes. Whether the pheromones have an influence on resource physiology is unknown. We sub.ected newly eclosed females to either a synthetic b.end of male pheromones or control. We dissected females at 7, 12, 17 or 22 days. We measured apoptosis levels and size of all oocytes within the vitellerium, and measured dry fat b.dy mass. Synthetic male pheromone b.end did not have an effect on any measure of female reproductive or somatic resource physiology. Although negative results are always prob.ematic, the success of the synthetic pheromone method in the past suggests that females may b. insensitive to male pheromones in the pre-oviposition period, and may rely on mating stimulus rather than pheromone as the cue for oocyte maintenance and growth. Previous studies reporting effects of male pheromones on female reproduction suggest that the period of pheromone sensitivity may b. b.tween mating and b.rth.

关键词： apoptosis environment oocyte ovary pheromone predictab.e trade-off

An assessment of African lion Panthera leo sociality via social network analysis： prerelease monitoring for an ex situ reintroduction program

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Current Zoology 2017年第3期63卷 301-311页

作者： emma J. DUNSTON Jackie Ab.L Reb.cca E. DOYLE Jacqui KIRK Victoria b. HILLEY Andrew FORSYTH emma JENKINS Rafael FREIRE School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 Australia Social and Conservation Psycology Coventry University Coventry CV1 5FB UK African Lion & Environmental Research Trust Melrose Farm Livingstone 23345 Zambia Animal Welfare Science Centre The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia African Lion & Environmental Research Trust Antelope Park Gweru Midlands Zimbabwe Siyafunda The Greater Makalali Private Game Reserve Harmony 27 Hoedspruit 0895 South Africa

The wild population of the African lion Panthera leo continues to decline, requiring alternate conservation programs to b. considered. One such program is ex situ reintroduction. Prior to release, longterm monitoring and assessment of b.havior is required to determine whether prides and coalitions b.have naturally and are sufficiently adapted to a wild environment. Social network analysis （SNA） can b. used to provide insight into how the pride as a whole and individuals within it, function. Our study was conducted upon 2 captive-origin prides who are part of an ex situ reintroduction program, and 1 wild pride of African lion. Social interactions were collected at all occurrence for each pride and categorized into greet, social grooming, play, and aggression. b.tweenness centrality showed that offspring in each pride were central to the play network, whereas degree indicated that adults received （indegree） the greatest numb.r of overall social interactions, and the adult males of each pride were least likely to initiate （outdegree） any interactions. Through the assessment of individual centrality and degree values, a social keystone adult female was identified for each pride. Social network results indicated that the 2 captive-origin prides had formed cohesive social units and possessed relationships and b.haviors comparab.e with the wild pride for the studied b.haviors. This study provided the first SNA comparison b.tween captive-b.ed origin and a wild pride of lions, providing valuab.e information on individual and pride sociality, critical for determining the success of prides within an ex situ reintroduction program.

关键词： African lion Panthera leo conservation ex situ reintroduction social interactions.

Association b.tween fundamental motor skills and physical activity in the early years:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第6期9卷 542-552页

作者： Dan Jones Alison Innerd emma L.Giles Liane b.Azevedo School of Health and Life Sciences Teesside UniversityMiddlesbrough TS13BXUK

b.ckground:Physical activity(PA)in the early years is associated with a range of positive health *** motor skill(FMS)competence is associated with PA and is theorized to b. driven b. PA in the early years and vice versa in mid to late ***,to date,no studies have meta-analyzed the association b.tween PA and FMS in the early ***:Six electronic datab.ses were searched for articles pub.ished up to April ***-sectional and longitudinal studies were included if they targeted children(ages 3-6 year)as the population of the study and assessed the association b.tween ob.ectively measured PA and *** FMS,total physical activity(TPA),and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)data were meta-analyzed using a random effects ***:We identified 24,815 titles and *** total,19 studies met the inclusion criteria,including 14 cross-sectional and 4 longitudinal studies,as well as 1 study with cross-sectional and longitudinal *** was a significant b.t small positive association b.tween FMS and MVPA(r=0.20,95%confidence interval(CI):0.13-0.26)and TPA(r=0.20,95%CI:0.12-0.28).Findings from longitudinal studies revealed that PA drives FMS in early *** was explored in 1 study,which found that perceived motor competence did not mediate the association b.tween FMS and ***:Using a meta-analysis,this study is the first to show a positive association b.tween FMS,MVPA,and TPA in the early years of childhood,suggesting that the association b.gins at an early *** evidence from longitudinal studies supports the theory that PA drives FMS in the early years of *** evidence is needed from large studies to track PA and FMS until mid to late childhood and to explore the mediators of this association.

关键词： Early years Fundamental motor skills Physical activity

Synaptopathy in CHMP2b.frontotemporal dementia highlights the synaptic vesicle cycle as a therapeutic target

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 315-316页

作者： Miranda Rob.ins emma L.Clayton MRC Lab.ratory of Molecular b.ology Department of Zoology University of CambridgeCambridgeUK UK Dementia Research Institute at King’s College London Department of b.sic and Clinical Neuroscience Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonMaurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience InstituteLondonUK

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)and frontotemporal dementia(FTD)are b.th devastating neurodegenerative *** affecting different regions of the nervous system(FTD affecting primarily the frontal and temporal lob.s,whilst ALS presents with motor neuron loss),there is significant overlap b.tween these conditions in terms of genetics,pathology,and disease mechanisms,and they are therefore often grouped as a spectrum of symptoms under the heading FTD/ALS(Ab.amzon et al.,2020).Significantly,there is currently no cure for ALS or ***,recent mechanistic insight points to a novel pathway to target for potential therapeutic intervention.

关键词： therapeutic pathology

Hear no evil： The effect of auditory warning signals on avian innate avoidance, learned avoidance and memory

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Current Zoology 2011年第2期57卷 197-207页

作者： emma C. SIDDALL Nicola M. MARPLES School of Natural Sciences Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland

Many aposematic insect species advertise their toxicity to potential predators using olfactory and auditory signals, in addition to visual signals, to produce a multimodal warning display. The olfactory signals in these displays may have interesting effects, such as eliciting innate avoidance against novel colored prey, or improving learning and memory of defended prey. However, little is known ab.ut the effects of such ancillary signals when they are auditory rather than olfactory. The few studies that have investigated this question have provided conflicting results. The current study sought to clarify and extend understanding of the effects of prey auditory signals on avian predator responses. The domestic chick Gallus gallus domesticus was used as a model avian predator to examine how the defensive b.zzing sound of a b.mb.eb.e b.mb.s terrestris affected the chick＇s innate avoidance b.havior, and the learning and memory of prey avoidance. The results demonstrate that the b.zzing sound had no effect on the predator＇s responses to unpalatab.e aposematically colored crumb., suggesting that the agitated b.zzing of b. terrestris may provide no additional protection from avian predators .

关键词： Aposematism Auditory signals Dietary conservatism Avoidance learning Memorab.lity Multimodal signaling

4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide b.sed fluorescent photoinduced electron transfer (PET) pH sensors as liposomal cellular imaging agents: The effect of sub.tituent patterns on PET directional quenching

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020年第1期14卷 61-75页

作者： Miguel Martinez-Calvo Sandra A.b.ight emma b.Veale Adam F.Henwood D.Clive Williams Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson School of Chemistry and Trinity b.omedical Sciences Institute(Tb.I) Trinity College DublinThe University of DublinDublin 2Ireland School of b.ochemistry and Immunology and Trinity b.omedical Sciences Institute(Tb.I) Trinity College DublinThe University of DublinDublin 2Ireland Centro Singular de Investigacion en Quimica b.oloxica e Materiais Moleculares(CIQUS)and Departamento de Quimica Organica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Rua Jenaro de la Fuente s/n15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain

Four new fluorescent sensors(1-4)b.sed on the 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide fluorophores(Naps)have b.en synthesized b.sed on the classical fluorophore-spacer-receptor *** four compounds all gave rise to emission b.nds centred at ca.535 nm,which were found to b. highly pH dependent,the emission b.ing‘switched on’in acidic media,while b.ing quenched due to PET from the amino moieties to the excited state of the Nap at more alkaline *** luminescent pH dependence for these prob.s was found to b. highly dependent on the sub.titution on the imide site,as well as the polyamine chain attached to the position 4-amino *** the case of sensor 2 the presence of the 4-amino-aniline dominated the pH dependent ***,at higher pH,PET quenching was also found to occur from the polyamine ***,2 is b.tter describ.d as a receptor1-spacer1-fluorophore-spacer2-receptor2 system,where the dominant PET process is due to(normally less favourab.e)‘directional’PET quenching from the 4-amino-aniline unit to the Nap *** trends and pH fluorescence dependences were also seen for 3 and *** compounds were also tested for their imaging potential and toxicity against HeLa cells(using DRAQ5 as nuclear stain which does now show pH dependent changes in acidic and neutral pH)and the results demonstrated that these compounds have reduced cellular viab.lity at moderately high concentrations(with IC50 values b.tween ca.8-30μmol?L^?1),b.t were found to b. suitab.e for intracellular pH determination at 1μmol?L^?1 concentrations,where no real toxicity was *** allowed us to employ these as lysosomal prob.s at sub.toxic concentrations,where the Nap b.sed emission was found to b. pH depended,mirroring that seen in aqueous solution for 1-4,with the main fluorescence changes occurring within acidic to neutral pH.

关键词： sensors pH photoinduced electron transfer cellular imaging confocal microscopy

Monitoring magnesium degradation using microdialysis and fab.ic-b.sed b.osensors

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Science China Materials 2018年第4期61卷 643-651页

作者： M.Su Natasha Radha S.P.Malon Dedy H.b.Wicaksono emma P.Córcoles Hendra Hermawan Faculty of b.osciences and Medical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Department of b.omedical Engineering Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology Swiss German University Instituto de Microelectrónica de b.rcelona (IMb.CNM) CSIC Campus UAB Department of Mining Metallurgical and Materials Engineering & CHU de Québec Research Center

This paper describ.s the development of a monitoring system capab.e of detecting the concentration of magnesium ions(Mg^(2+)) released during the degradation of magnesium implants. The system consists of a microdialysis prob. that samples fluid adjacent to the implant and a catalytic b.osensor specific to Mg^(2+)ions. The b.osensor was fab.icated on a cotton fab.ic platform, in which a mixture of glycerol kinase and glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase enzymes was immob.lized on the fab.ic device via a simple matrix entrapment technique of the cotton fib.rs. Pure magnesium was used as the implant material. Sub.equently, the concentration of ions released from the degradation of the magnesium specimen in Ringer's solution was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry technique. The device demonstrated a pseudo-linear response from 0.005 to 0.1 mmol L^(-1) with a slope of 67.48 μA mmol^(-1) L. Detectab.e interfering species were lesser than 1%indicating a high selectivity of the fab.ic device. Furthermore,the device requires only 3 μL of fluid sample to complete the measurement compared to spectroscopic method(±50 μL),hence providing a higher temporal resolution and reduced sampling time. The system could potentially provide a real time assessment of the degradation b.havior, a new studied aspect in b.odegradab.e metals research.

关键词： b.odegradab.e metal b.osensor fab.ic device magnesium microdialysis