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A review of public health guidelines for postpartum physical activity and sedentary behavior from around the world

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 472-483,F0003页

作者： Kelly R.Evenson Wendy J.Brown Alison K.Brinson emily Budzynski-Seymour Melanie Hayman Department of Epidemiology Gillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-8050USA Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4226Australia School of Human Movement and nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Department of Anthropology University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-3115USA Carolina Population Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-8120USA Faculty of Sport Health and Social SciencesSolent UniversitySouthamptonSO140YNUK Appleton Institute School of HealthMedical and Applied SciencesCentral Queensland UniversityRockhamptonQLD 4701Australia

Background:The period following pregnancy is a critical time window when future habits with respect to physical activity(PA) and sedentary behavior(SB) are established;therefore,it warrants guidance.The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize public health-oriented country-specific postpartum PA and SB guidelines worldwide.Methods:To identity guidelines published since 2010,we performed a(a) systematic search of 4 databases(CInAHL,Global Health,PubMed,and SPORTDiscus),(b) structured repeatable web-based search separately for 194 countries,and(c) separate web-based search.Only the most recent guideline was included for each country.Results:We identified 22 countries with public health-oriented postpartum guidelines for PA and 11 countries with SB guidelines.The continents with guidelines included Europe(n=12),Asia(n=5),Oceania(n=2),Africa(n=1),north America(n=1),and South America(n=1).The most common benefits recorded for PA included weight control/management(n=10),reducing the risk of postpartum depression or depressive symptoms(n=9),and improving mood/well-being(n=8).Postpartum guidelines specified exercises to engage in,including pelvic floor exercises(n=17);muscle strengthening,weight training,or resistance exercises(n=13);aerobics/general aerobic activity(n=13);walking(n=11);cycling(n=9);and swimming(n=9).Eleven guidelines remarked on the interaction between PA and breastfeeding;several guidelines stated that PA did not impact breast milk quantity(n=7),breast milk quality(n=6),or infant growth(n=3).For SB,suggestions included limiting long-term sitting and interrupting sitting with PA.Conclusion:Country-specific postpartum guidelines for PA and SB can help promote healthy behaviors using a culturally appropriate context while providing specific guidance to public health practitioners.

关键词： Breastfeeding Caesarean section Guidelines Postnatal Recommendations

Dietary(poly)phenol intake is associated with cardiometabolic health parameters in adolescents

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： emily P.Laveriano-Santos Sara Castro-Barquero Camila Arancibia-Riveros Ana María Ruiz-León Rosa Casas Ramón Estruch Patricia Bodega Mercedes de Miguel Amaya de Cos-Gandoy Jesús Martínez-Gómez Gloria Santos-Beneit Juan M.Fernández-Alvira Rodrigo Fernández-Jiménez Rosa M.Lamuela-Raventós Anna Tresserra-Rimbau The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department de nutrició Ciències de l'Alimentació I Gastronomia XIA Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'alimentació Institut de Recerca en nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (InSA-UB) Universitat de Barcelona Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Clínic Institutd'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS) University of Barcelona Consorcio CIBER M.P.Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y nutrición (CIBERObn) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) Mediterranean Diet Foundation 5. Foundation for Science Health and Education (SHE) 6. Centro nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CnIC) CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) 9. Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos

Background: The protective role of (poly)phenols against metabolic disorders has been extensively studied in adults but not in adolescents.Objective: To assess associations of dietary (poly)phenols and their subclasses with cardiometabolic health parameters in adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 944 individuals aged 11 to 14 years enrolled in the SI! Program for Secondary Schools trial (nCT03504059). (Poly)phenol intake was assessed using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires and the Phenol-Explorer database. The measured cardiometabolic parameters were waist circumference (WC) age-sex z-score， blood pressure (BP) age-sex z-score， blood glucose (BG)， triglycerides (TG)， and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). Multilevel mixed-effect linear regression models were applied to examine the association between (poly)phenol quintiles and cardiometabolic health parameters.Results: Compared to the lowest quintile， adolescents in the highest quintile of total (poly)phenol intake had lower WC z-scores (β=-0.09， 95%CI=-0.09;-0.08， P-for trend=0.002)， mean arterial pressure z-scores (β =-0.11， 95%CI=-0.12;-0.09， P-for trend=0.206)， and HDL-c (β=-1.52， 95%CI=-2.90;-0.14， P-for trend=0.108)， after multivariable adjustment. The WC z-scores (β=-0.11， 95%CI=-0.19;-0.03， P-for trend=0.013) and HDL-c (β=-2.16， 95%CI=-3.78;-0.53， P-for trend=0.046) were lower in the highest quintile of flavonoid intake compared to the lowest quintile. The highest quintile of phenolic acid intake was associated with a lower WC z-score (β=-0.14， 95%CI=-0.26;-0.02， P-for trend=0.011) and TG levels (β=-8.83， 95%CI=-12.37;-5.30， P-for trend nd the highest quintile of stilbene intake with lower BG (β=-1.83， 95%CI= -3.103;-0.64， P-for trend nd TG (β=-3.22， 95%CI= -4.95;-1.49， P-for trend=0.034)， and with higher HDL-c (β=2.328， 95%CI= 1.40;3.17， P-for trend=0.466) compared to the lowest quintile. Conclusion: A higher intake of (poly)phenols， especially flavonoids， phenolic acids， and stilbenes

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The role of emergency incident type in identifying first responders' health exposure risks

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2023年第2期4卷 167-173页

作者： emily J.Haas Katherine n.Yoon Alexa Furek Megan Casey Susan M.Moore national Personal Protective Technology Laboratory(nPPTL) National Institute for Ocupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)PittsburghPA 15236United States national Personal Protective Technology Laboratory(nPPTL) National Institute forOccupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)MorgantownWV2605United States

Fire-based emergency management service(EMS)personnel are dispatched to various incidents daily,many of which have unique occupational risks.To fully understand the variability of incident types and how to best pre-pare and respond,an exploration of the U.S.coding system of incident types is necessary.This study uses potential exposure to SARS-CoV-2 as a case example to understand if and how coding categories for incident call types may be updated to improve data standardization and emergency response decision making.Researchers received emergency response incident data generated by three fire department computer-aided dispatch(CAD)systems between March and September 2020.Each incident was labeled EMS,Fire,or Other.Of the 162,766 incidents,approximately 8.1%(n=13,144)noted potential SARS-CoV-2 exposure within their narrative descriptions of which 86.3%were coded as EMS,9.9%as Fire,and 3.9%as Other.To assess coding variability across incident types,researchers used the original 3-incident type variable and a new 5-incident type variable reassigned by researchers into EMS,Fire,Other,Hazmat,and Motor Vehicle.Logit regressions compared differences in potential exposure using the 3-and 5-incident type variables.When evaluating the 3-incident type variable,those respond-ing to a Fire versus an EMS incident were 84%less likely to be associated with potential exposure to SARS-Cov-2.For the 5-incident type variable,those responding to Fire incidents were 77%less likely to be associated with a potential exposure than those responding to EMS incidents.Changes in potential exposure between the 3-and 5-incident type models show the need to understand how incident types are assigned.This demonstrates the need for data standardization to accurately categorize incident types to improve emergency preparedness and response.Results have implications for incident type coding at fire department municipality and national levels.

关键词： Emergencymedical se Firefighter Incident type Surveillance Telecommunicator

Teen reactions to a self-representational avatar:A qualitative exploration

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第2期11卷 157-163,I0002页

作者： emily Baysden ninna Mendoza Chishinga Callender Zhigang Deng Debbe Thompson United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children’s nutrition Research Center Department of PediatricsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Computer Science University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA

Purpose:This research presents findings from a qualitative exploration of the reactions of adolescents(12-14 years old)to navigating an exergame with an avatar created from multiple scans of the player(referred to as a self-representational avatar).Methods:Post-gameplay interviews were conducted with adolescents following participation in a 20-min laboratory session(21.2±0.8 min,mean±SD)where the self-representational avatar was navigated through an exergame.Verbatim transcripts(n=40)were coded and analyzed by 2 independent coders using hybrid thematic analysis for this secondary data analysis.Codes were reviewed to identify themes representing adolescents’reactions.Results:Four themes emerged.Adolescents connected with their avatars and felt protective toward them,which influenced their actions in the exergame and contributed to their overall game enjoyment.Conclusion:Creating exergames navigated by a self-representational avatar was an enjoyable experience and influenced gameplay.Future research should explore the effect of this approach on gameplay frequency and intensity over time.

关键词： Avatar Exergame Physical activity Relatedness Self-determination theory

Better together?Comparing physical activity of parents walking outdoors with and without their child

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2023年第3期5卷 190-195页

作者： Patrick M.Filanowski emily Slade Department of Sport Science&Management Xavier UniversityCincinnatiOH45207USA Department of Biostatistics University of KentuckyLexingtonKY40506USA

This study compares the physical activity levels and enjoyment of parents(n=50;age=41.8±4.0 years)during outdoor,self-paced walking sessions while walking alone and when walking with their 6-to-12-year-old child.Step counts,moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA),vigorous physical activity,and enjoyment were compared using paired t-tests.Regression modeling was used to examine the impact of children's age and adults'and children's body mass index on the disparity in step counts experienced by adults.Adults attained high percentages of time spent in MVPA while walking alone(99.8%)and when walking with their child(96.6%).However,more of this time was categorized as vigorous physical activity when walking alone(13.6%vs.3.0%,p=0.006).Adults'step counts decreased by an average of 6.4%while walking with their child compared to walking alone(pn was greater for parents of younger children(p=0.004).In obese adults,the reduction in step counts experienced while walking with their child was not as great as the reduction experienced by normal-weight adults(p=0.042).Although adults obtained higher step counts and vigorous physical activity while walking alone,they enjoyed walking more with their child(pners should be aware of this tradeoff when making recommendations for parent-child co-participation in physical activity,and parents may wish to supplement their physical activity obtained while walking with their child(ren)with additional activities that result in vigorous physical activity.

关键词： alone walking younger

Multi-temporal nDVI analysis using UAV images of tree crowns in a northern Mexican pine-oak forest

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林业研究:英文版 2023年第6期34卷 1855-1867页

作者： JoséLuis Gallardo-Salazar Marcela Rosas-Chavoya Marín Pompa-García Pablito Marcelo López-Serrano emily García-Montiel Arnulfo Meléndez-Soto Sergio Iván Jiménez-Jiménez Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo(UMSNH)58330 MoreliaMichoacánMexico Programa Institucional de Doctorado en Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales Universidad Juárez del Estado de DurangoRío Papaloapan y Blvd.DurangoValle del Sur s/n34120 DurangoDurangoMéxico Facultad de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Juárez del Estado de DurangoRío Papaloapan y Blvd.DurangoValle del Sur s/n34120 DurangoDurangoMéxico Instituto de Silvicultura e Industria de la Madera Universidad Juárez del Estado de DurangoBoulevard del Guadiana 501Ciudad UniversitariaTorre de Investigación34120 DurangoMéxico InIFAP-CEnID RASPA Centro nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Relación Agua-Suelo-Planta-Atmósfera Margen derecha canal Sacramento km 6.5Zona industrial35140 Gómez PalacioDurangoMexico

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV)for forest monitoring has grown significantly in recent years,providing information with high spatial resolution and temporal versatility.UAV with multispectral sensors allow the use of indexes such as the normalized difference vegetation index(nDVI),which determines the vigor,physiological stress and photo synthetic activity of vegetation.This study aimed to analyze the spectral responses and variations of nDVI in tree crowns,as well as their correlation with climatic factors over the course of one year.The study area encompassed a 1.6-ha site in Durango,Mexico,where Pinus cembroides,Pinus engelmannii,and Quercus grisea coexist.Multispectral images were acquired with UAV and information on meteorological variables was obtained from nASA/POWER database.An AnOVA explored possible differences in nDVI among the three species.Pearson correlation was performed to identify the linear relationship between nDVI and meteorological variables.Significant differences in nDVI values were found at the genus level(Pinus and Quercus),possibly related to the physiological features of the species and their phenology.Quercus grisea had the lowest nDVI values throughout the year which may be attributed to its sensitivity to relative humidity and temperatures.Although the use of UAV with a multispectral sensor for nDVI monitoring allowed genera differentiation,in more complex forest analyses hyperspectral and LiDAR sensors should be integrated,as well other vegetation indexes be considered.

关键词： Multispectral images normalized diff erence Vegetation index Phenology Unmanned aerial vehicles Multitemporal analysis

Inhibition of Wnt signaling by Frizzled7 antibody-coated nanoshells sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer cells to the autophagy regulator chloroquine

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nano Research 2020年第6期13卷 1693-1703页

作者： Jianxin Wang Megan n.Dang emily S.Day Department of Biomedical Engineering University of DelawareNewarkDE19716USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of DelawareNewarkDE19716USA Helen F.Graham Cancer Center&Research Institute NewarkDE19713USA

nano Research volume 13,pages1693–1703(2020)Cite this article 137 Accesses 6 Altmetric Metrics details Abstract Despite improvements in our understanding of the biology behind triple-negative breast cancer(TnBC),it remains a devastating disease due to lack of an effective targeted therapy.Inhibiting Wnt signaling is a promising strategy to combat TnBC because Wnt signaling drives TnBC progression,chemoresistance,and stemness.However,Wnt inhibition can lead to upregulation of autophagy,which confers therapeutic resistance.This provides an opportunity for combination therapy,as autophagy inhibitors applied concurrently with Wnt inhibitors could increase treatment efficacy.Here,we applied the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine(CQ)to TnBC cells in combination with Frizzled7 antibody-coated nanoshells(FZD7-nS)that suppress Wnt signaling by blocking Wnt ligand/FZD7 receptor interactions,and evaluated this dual treatment in vitro.We found that FZD7-nS can inhibit Axin2 and CyclinD1,two targets of canonical Wnt signaling,and increase the expression of LC3,an autophagy marker.When FZD7-nS and CQ are applied together,they reduce the expression of several stemness genes in TnBC cells,leading to inhibition of TnBC cell migration and self-renewal.notably,co-delivery of FZD7-nS and CQ is more effective than either therapy alone or the combination of CQ with free FZD7 antibodies.This demonstrates that the nanocarrier design is important to its therapeutic utility.Overall,these findings indicate that combined regulation of Wnt signaling and autophagy by FZD7-nS and CQ is a promising strategy to combat TnBC.

关键词： nanomedicine nanoparticles combination therapy antibody delivery cancer stem cells

Prevalence and outcomes of pediatric surgical conditions at Connaught Hospital in Freetown:a retrospective study

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2023年第1期6卷 1-7页

作者： Henang Kwasau Juliana Kamanda Aiah Lebbie Cesia Cotache-Condor Pamela Espinoza Andie Grimm naomi Wright emily Smith Department of Community Health College of Medicine and Allied Health SciencesUniversity of Sierra LeoneFreetownSierra Leone Department of Surgery Duke School of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Duke Global Health Institute Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Duke Center for Global Surgery and Health Equity Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Public Health Baylor UniversityWacoTexasUSA King’s Centre for Global Health and Health Partnerships King's College LondonLondonUK Department of Emergency Medicine Duke School of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

Background Sub-Saharan Africa experiences a disproportionate amount of pediatric surgical disease,with 80%of children lacking access to timely,affordable,and safe surgical care.This study aims to characterize the burden of disease and outcomes of pediatric surgical conditions at Connaught Hospital,the main pediatric referral hospital in Sierra Leone.Methods This retrospective and hospital-based study included children up to 15 years old who were operated on between 2015 and June 2016 at Connaught Hospital in Freetown,Sierra Leone.Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to characterize the distribution of disease and compare all variables against age category and mortality.Findings A total of 215 patients were included in this study of which 72.5%(n=132)were male and 27.5%(n=50)were female.Most of the patients were diagnosed with congenital anomalies(60.9%;n=131).However,infection was the leading diagnosis(60.5%;n=23)among patients aged 5–10 years(n=38).Inguinal hernia was the leading condition(65.0%;n=85)among patients presenting with a congenital anomaly.The condition with the highest mortality was infections(17.0%;n=8),followed by other conditions(9.1%;n=2)and congenital anomalies(3.1%;n=4).Based on the results of this study,over 7000 children with inguinal hernias remain untreated annually in Freetown,Sierra Leone.Conclusion This study quantifies the burden of surgical disease among children,a foundational step toward the prioritization of pediatric surgical care in national health agendas,the development of evidence-based interventions,and the strategic allocation of resources in Sierra Leone.

关键词： surgical pediatric mortality

Chronotype and self-reported sleep,alertness,and mental health in U.S. sailors

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Military Medical Research 2022年第2期9卷 259-261页

作者： Elizabeth M.Harrison Alexandra P.Easterling emily A.Schmied Suzanne L.Hurtado Gena L.Glickman Center for Circadian Biology University of California San DiegoSan DiegoUSA Leidos Inc.San DiegoUSA Health and Behavioral Sciences Department Naval Health Research CenterSan DiegoUSA School of Public Health San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoUSA Departments of Psychiatry and neuroscience Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaUSA

Service members are at risk for sleep and psychological conditions affecting their readiness. Chronotype(“morningness”or “eveningness”) is strongly associated with sleep, health and performance. The objective of this study was to examine associations between validated measures of chronotype and sleep quality, daytime functioning, alertness,and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) in US service members(n=298).Although predominantly young males(who skew toward eveningness in civilian populations), these Sailors skewed toward morningness(35.6% morning, 51.3% intermediate). Eveningness was associated with symptoms of depression and PTSD(Pn bed(Pn(Pnd poorer daytime functioning and alertness(Pning types were less likely to consider sleep important for performance(Pness, schedules should be aligned with endogenous rhythms, whenever possible, and evening chronotypes may benefit from targeted interventions. Chronotype should be examined alongside health and readiness in service members.

关键词： Circadian Chronotype Sleep Military Readiness Depression Anxiety Post-traumatic stress disorder