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Variations in Typhoon Landfalls over China

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2006年第5期23卷 665-677页

作者： emily a.fogarty James B. ELSNER Thomas H. JAGGER Kam-biu LIU Kin-sheun LOUIE Department of Geography The Florida State University TallahasseeFlorida Department of Anthropology and Geography The Louisiana State University Department of Public and Social Administration City University of Hong Kong

The interannual variability in typhoon landfalls over China is investigated using historical and modern records. For the purpose of substantiating and elaborating upon the claim of north to south variation in tropical cyclone activity over China, a north-to-south anti-correlation in yearly activity is confirmed in the historical cyclone records. When cyclone activity over the province of Guangdong is high （low）, it tends to be low （high） over the province of Fujian. A similar spatial variation is identified in the modern records using a factor analysis model, which delineates typhoon activity over the southern provinces of Guangdong and Hainan from the activity over the northern provinces of Fujian, Taiwan, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Shandong. A landfall index of typhoon activity representing the degree to which each year follows this pattern of activity is used to identify correlated climate variables. A useful statistical regression model that includes sea-level pressure differences between Mongolia and western China and sea-surface temperature （SST） over the northwestern Pacific Ocean during the summer explains 26% of the interannual variability of the landfall index. It is suggested that a stronger than normal north-south pressure gradient increases the surface easterly wind flow over northern China： this, coupled with lower SST over the Pacific, favors typhoons taking a more westerly track toward southern China.

关键词： typhoons southern China historical record climate variables

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科学新闻 2022年第1期 62-63页

作者： emily fogarty 倪伟波芝加哥大学

“虽然我承认她认为自己对这个项目作出了重大贡献,但很难证明她所做的不仅仅是技术人员的工作。”这是我在一封与前同事的长文邮件中收到的令人愤怒的回复,邮件内容是关于我作为本科生研究人员所做的工作。在我7个月的实习期间,实验室...

“虽然我承认她认为自己对这个项目作出了重大贡献,但很难证明她所做的不仅仅是技术人员的工作。”这是我在一封与前同事的长文邮件中收到的令人愤怒的回复,邮件内容是关于我作为本科生研究人员所做的工作。在我7个月的实习期间,实验室的同事在写论文的时候告诉我,我会成为一名作者。几个月前,我震惊地得知,最终的论文已经被接受发表,而我的贡献已被降级到致谢部分。这给我敲响了警钟,让我意识到有必要为自己的作者身份发声,也有必要大声反对不公平的惯例,即削减本科生和技术人员对科学研究的贡献。

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Spatial distribution of people diagnosed with tuberculosis through routine and active case finding:a community-based study in Kampala,Uganda

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第3期9卷 142-143页

作者： Katherine O.Robsky Peter J.Kitonsa James Mukiibi Olga Nakasolya David Isooba Annet Nalutaaya Phillip P.Salvatore emily A.Kendall Achilles Katamba David Dowdy Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMDUSA Uganda Tuberculosis Implementation Research Consortium Makerere UniversityKampalaUganda

Background:Routine tuberculosis(TB)notifications are geographically heterogeneous,but their utility in predicting the location of undiagnosed TB cases is *** aimed to identify small-scale geographic areas with high TB notification rates based on routinely collected data and to evaluate whether these areas have a correspondingly high rate of undiagnosed prevalent ***:We used routinely collected data to identify geographic areas with high TB notification rates and evaluated the extent to which these areas correlated with the location of undiagnosed cases during a subsequent community-wide active case finding intervention in Kampala,*** first enrolled all adults who lived within 35 contiguous zones and were diagnosed through routine care at four local TB Diagnosis and Treatment *** calculated average monthly TB notification rates in each zone and defined geographic areas of“high risk”as zones that constituted the 20%of the population with highest notification *** compared the observed proportion of TB notifications among residents of these high-risk zones to the expected proportion,using simulated estimates based on population size and random variation *** then evaluated the extent to which these high-risk zones identified areas with high burdens of undiagnosed TB during a subsequent community-based active case finding campaign using a chi-square ***:We enrolled 45 adults diagnosed with TB through routine practices and who lived within the study area(estimated population of 49527).Eighteen zones reported no TB cases in the 9-month period;among the remaining zones,monthly TB notification rates ranged from 3.9 to 39.4 per 100000 *** five zones with the highest notification rates constituted 62%(95%CI:47–75%)of TB cases and 22%of the population–significantly higher than would be expected if population size and random chance were the only determinants of zone-to-zone variation(48%,95%simulation interval:40–59%).These f

关键词： Tuberculosis Epidemiology Health system Geographic information systems

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