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Prevalence of hepatocarcinoma-related hepatitis B virus mutants in patients in grey zone of treatment

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第38期25卷 5883-5896页

作者： Ana Isabel Gil-García Antonio Madejón Irene Francisco-Recuero Ana López-López emiliana villafranca Miriam Romero Araceli García Antonio Olveira Rocío Mena Juan Ramón Larrubia Javier García-Samaniego Hepatology Unit Hospital Universitario La PazMadrid 28046Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid 28029Spain Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario la Paz Madrid 28046Spain Biochemistry Department Faculty of MedicineUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid 28029Spain Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular Hospital Universitario La PazMadrid 28046Spain Translational Hepatology Unit Hospital General Universitario de GuadalajaraGuadalajara 19002Castilla-La ManchaSpain

BACKGROUND Antiviral treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)in the grey zone of treatment comands risk management in order to optimize the health *** this sense,the identification of HBV mutants related with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)could be useful to identify subpopulations with potential indication of antiviral *** To analyze the prevalence/persistence of hepatitis B virus(HBV)preS and basal core promoter(BCP)/precore/core variants associated to HCC development in CHB patients in the grey *** Work was designed as a longitudinal retrospective study,including 106 plasma samples from 31 patients with CHB in the grey zone of treatment:Hepatitis B e antigen negative,HBV-DNA levels between 12-20000 IU/mL,normal or discordant transaminase levels during follow up and mild/moderate necroinflammatory activity in liver biopsy or Fibroscan(up to 9.5 kPa).Serum HBVDNA was tested using the Abbott Real Time HBV Assay and the BCP/precore/core and the hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)coding regions were analyzed in positive samples by PCR/bulk-sequencing to identify the HCCrelated HBV *** High-risk HCC related mutants were detected in 24(77%)patients:19(61%)in the BCP/precore/core,and 7(23%)in the HBsAg coding region(2 preS1 and 5 preS2 deletions).The prevalence of preS deletions was genotype-dependent:3/5(60%)patients with preS2 deletions and 1/2 with preS1 deletions were infected with the HBV-E *** HBV-E was the most prevalent in sub-Saharan patients,a correlation between preS deletions and ethnicity was also found:6/8(75%)sub-Saharan vs 1/19(5%)Caucasian patients had preS deletions(P=0.00016).Remarkably,this correlation was maintained in those patients infected with HBV-A,a minor genotype in sub-Saharan patients:2/2 patients infected with HBV-A from West Africa vs 0/6 of Caucasian origin had preS *** HCC related variants were the major strains and persisted over time(up to 48 mo).Pa

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatocellular carcinoma PreS deletions Hepatitis B virus treatment Grey zone

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Monitoring Restoration of the Eastern Usangu Wetland by Assessment of Land Use and Cover Changes

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2016年第2期5卷 145-156页

作者： emiliana John Mwita Department of Geography and Economics Dar es Salaam University College of Education Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Conflicting interests in the use and management of wetlands have always resulted in their degradation. The degradation of wetlands affects their natural functioning, environmental health and livelihood of the people who depend on them. The eastern Usangu wetland has suffered a lot from multiple-use pressure arising from both national and local interests. As a result, the government banned the use of the wetland in 2006 to support its restoration process. The aim of the current study was to assess the restoration process of the eastern Usangu wetland using time-series Landsat images over a 20-year period, from 1995 to 2015. Cross-tabulation of composite NDVI images was used to examine the changes. The results indicate that the land cover declined by 20% between 1995 and 2005, and increased by more than 25% between 2005 and 2015. The size of the permanent swamp increased consistently, by more than 15% between 1995 and 2015. Wetland use has declined to about 15% over the 20 years. Wetland restoration seems to be a slow process that depends on multiple factors. It thus is important that wetlands are managed well for sustained benefits, rather than waiting to rescue them in a crisis. The well-being of the people depending on the wetlands should be considered when implementing measures to protect the wetlands. Awareness creation among the users, diversification of sources of income and enforcement of the laws and policies governing the use of wetlands by the government may improve status of wetlands.

关键词： Tanzania NDVI Change Detection Perennial Swamps

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Teaching Spatial Science Courses in Public Universities in Tanzania: Challenges and Opportunities

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2013年第6期5卷 543-547页

作者： emiliana John Mwita Geography Department Dar es Salaam University College of Education Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Spatial science courses that are Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) are increasingly growing into extremely important disciplines that accommodate various applications in wider sectors of development. Effective teaching and learning of the courses, however, requires intensive investment in facilities and human resources, since the technology is sophisticated and growing fast. This study aims at exploring the challenges of teaching and learning spatial science courses, RS and GIS, particularly in public universities in Tanzania. The study also identifies possible opportunities to improve the situation. Using social survey techniques in data gathering and analysis and author’s own experience, lack of resources, poor background to the courses, delivery methods, limited number of staff and large classes were seen to be the major obstacles in successful learning and teaching. Opportunities exist in using open source resources, collaboration with other institutions within and outside the country and for the universities to give due weight to the courses by building capacity of their staff and procuring facilities, especially laboratories equipments.

关键词： GIS Remote Sensing Learning Obstacles

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Mutual Efforts Restoring Growth in Education for Public-Private Sectors Partnership:Basis for a Proposed Action Plan

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Psychology Research 2019年第11期9卷 451-457页

作者： emiliana M.Roxas Department of Education BatangasPhilippines

This study aimed to describe the responses of the participants to the Public-Private Sectors Partnerships(PPSP)in Education in DepEd Ibaan District,Province of Batangas,Philippines in order to achieve the schools’goals and sustain Public-Private Sectors Partnership engagement with schools in the *** study employed the descriptive-qualitative research in which responses of 16 school heads of DepEd Ibaan District who were the respondents were coded,analyzed,and *** administrators,community stakeholders,future administrators and researchers may use the proposed plan of action as a guide in providing future directions for a Public-Private Sectors Partnerships(PPSP)in Education.

关键词： Public-Private Sectors Partnerships(PPSP)in Education partnership engagement DepEd Ibaan District

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A New Paradigm

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Beijing Review 2015年第18期58卷 29-30页

作者： Alessia Amighini Antonio villafranca Università del Piemonte Orientale

The ＂Four Comprehensives＂ aim at putting China on track to achieve its economic and social development targets. In an ef-fort to avoid a hard landing from the economy, China should face the current downward pressure on its growth by boosting effective demand and progressively switching to a new growth model. At the opening of the annual National People＇s Congress （NPC） in March, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang announced that the of- ficial growth target for China in 201S will beapproximately 7 percent-sensibly lower when compared to past years.

关键词：全国人民代表大会社会发展中国硬着陆 NPC 总理李国务院经济

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Auriculotherapy in primary health care: A large-scale educational experience in Brazil

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第4期17卷 302-309页

作者： Charles Dalcanale Tesser Ari Ojeda Ocampo More Melissa Costa Santos emiliana Domingues Cunha da Silva Fatima Terezinha Pelachini Farias Lucio Jose Botelho Department of Public Health Federal University of Santa Catarina Floriandpolis Santa Catarina 88036-800 Brazil Post-graduate Program in Public Health Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianopolis Santa Catarina 88036-800 Brazil Integrative Medicine and Acupuncture Service University Hospital Federal University of Santa Catarina Floriandpolis Santa Catarina 88036-800 Brazil Floriandpolis Municipality Health Office Florianopolis Santa Catarina 88036-800 Brazil

Auriculotherapy consists of physical stimuli applied to the outer ear and is commonly associated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The authors present and discuss the development of a course that offers a semi-on-site auriculotherapy course for Brazilian primary health care (PHC) professionals. The course was funded by the Brazilian Ministry of Health and developed at the Federal University of Santa Catarina in 2015 by a team of experts in auriculotherapy. It consisted of 75 h of distance learning (five sequential modules) and 5 h of on-site learning. The modules included the following items:(1) introduction to integrative practices;(2) ear reflexology;(3) introduction to TCM;(4) biomedical view of auriculotherapy;and (5) auriculotherapy in PHC. The teaching material in eluded a workbook for each module, 14 video lectures and an interactive ear(on line resource) to study location and application to the main auricular points. The on-site lectures follow a structured script of ear palpation techniques, auricular seed insertion practice and clinical case discussions, under the supervision of trained instructors. The course was offered in 2016 and 2017 and on-site lectures took place in 25 cities, covering all Brazilian regions, in coordination with municipal or state boards of health. A total of 4273 health professionals concluded the training and their evaluation of the course was highly positive. The Brazilian experience of large-scale training shows the potential to disseminate auriculotherapy in the context of PHC, given that its practice is fast, easy to learn, safe, effective for different health problems and well accepted by the patients.

关键词： Auriculotherapy Traditional Chinese medicine Primary health care Health education Distance learning

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Detection of Small Wetlands with Multi Sensor Data in East Africa

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2012年第3期1卷 64-73页

作者： emiliana Mwita Gunter Menz Salome Misana Pamela Nienkemper Center for Development Research (ZEF) Bonn Germany Department of Geography Dares Salaam University College of Education Dares es Salaam Tanzania Department of Geography Remote Sensing Research Group University of Bonn Bonn Germany Department of Geography University of Dar es Salaam Dares es Salaam Tanzania

The dynamic nature and inaccessibility of wetland ecosystems restricts in situ data collection and promote the use of various remote sensing platforms. This is because of their ability to record large areas in comparatively short time periods and map physically unreachable areas. Sensors in the optical and microwave range of the electromagnetic spectrum play a critical role in wetlands detection and delineation, as they complement each other in data collection. This study examined the potential of optical and microwave remote sensing in detecting the diversity of small wetlands ( ha) in the semi-arid and sub humid parts of Laikipia and Pangani plains and the humid parts of Mt. Kenya and Usambara highlands in Kenya and Tanzania, respectively. An intensive field survey was conducted to supplement the remotely sensed data. Decision tree, supervised and unsupervised classification techniques, facilitated the detection of floodplains and inland valley wetlands within the study sites. The results reveal that although optical and microwave data work effectively in the detection of wetlands the latter would be more effective in larger wetlands than those in the scope of this study.

关键词： Wetlands Delineation Microwave Optical Kenya Tanzania

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Dairy Farming Systems’ Adaptation to Climate Change

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Agricultural Sciences 2016年第3期7卷 137-145页

作者： emiliana Silva Armando Brito Mendes Henrique José Duarte Rosa CEEAplA Departamento de Ciências Agrárias Universidade dos A&#231ores Angra do Heroísmo Portugal CEEAplA Departamento de Matemática Universidade dos A&#231ores Ponta Delgada Portugal CITAA Departamento de Ciências Agrárias Universidade dos A&#231ores Angra do Heroísmo Portugal

The measure of climate change in dairy farms can be achieved by using the emissions of methane by the ruminants converted in CO2 equivalent (CO2-eq). In order to know the impact of future quotes of methane in the Azorean dairy milk farms, a decision model is built to the Azorean intensive grazing system of dairy farms. Some scenarios of methane levels reductions from 10 to 75% are considered and their impact is evaluated upon dairy farms income, level of CO2-eq emissions and intensity level of grazing system. The results have shown that any reduction of the methane level always implies a consequent decrease in income. If the CO2-eq has to be limited than there is the need to find alternative income activities for farmers in order to preserve economic sustainability.

关键词： Climate Change Dairy Economic Sustainability Greenhouse Gas Emissions

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Time-Resolved Oxidation State Changes Are Key to Elucidating the Bifunctionality of Perovskite Catalysts for Oxygen Evolution and Reduction

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第5期7卷 292-300页

作者： Casey E.Beall emiliana Fabbri Adam H.Clark Vivian Meier Nur Sena Yüzbasi Benjamin H.Sj∅lin Ivano E.Castelli Dino Aegerter Thomas Graule Thomas J.Schmidt Paul Scherrer Institute(PSI) 5232Villigen PSISwitzerland Institute for Physical Molecular Science ETH Zürich8093ZürichSwitzerland Empa 8600DübendorfSwitzerland Department of Energy Conversion and Storage Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800Kgs.LyngbyDenmark

In a unified regenerative fuel cell(URFC)or reversible fuel cell,the oxygen bifunctional catalyst must switch reversibly between the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),fuel cell mode,and the oxygen evolution reaction(OER),electrolyzer ***,it is often unclear what effect alternating between ORR and OER has on the electrochemical behavior and physiochemical properties of the ***,operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS)is utilized to monitor the continuous and dynamic evolution of the Co,Mn,and Fe oxidation states of perovskite catalysts Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ)(BSCF)and La_(0.4)Sr_(0.6)MnO_(3-δ)(LSM),while the potential is oscillated between reducing and oxidizing potentials with cyclic *** results reveal the importance of investigating bifunctional catalysts by alternating between fuel cell and electrolyzer operation and highlight the limitations and challenges of bifunctional *** is shown that the requirements for ORR and OER performance are divergent and that the oxidative potentials of OER are detrimental to ORR *** findings are used to give guidelines for future bifunctional catalyst ***,it is demonstrated how sunlight can be used to reactivate the ORR activity of LSM after rigorous cycling.

关键词： BSCF LSM OER ORR XAS

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Infliximab does not increase colonic cancer risk associated to murine chronic colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第44期22卷 9727-9733页

作者： Loris R Lopetuso Valentina Petito Tiziano Zinicola Cristina Graziani Viviana Gerardi Vincenzo Arena Maria emiliana Caristo Andrea Poscia Giovanni Cammarota Alfredo Papa Valerio Cufino Alessandro Sgambato Antonio Gasbarrini Franco Scaldaferri Gastroenterology Division Catholic University of Sacred Heart Institute of Pathology Catholic University of Sacred Heart Experimental Center Catholic University of Sacred Heart Institute of Hygiene Catholic University of Sacred Heart Institute of General Pathology Catholic University of Sacred Heart

AIM To explore the influence of Infliximab(IFX) on cancer progression in a murine model of colonic cancer associated to chronic *** AOM/DSS model was induced in C57BL/6 mice. Mice were injected with IFX(5 mg/kg) during each DSS cycle while control mice received saline. Body weight, occult blood test and stool consistency were measured to calculate the disease activity index(DAI). Mice were sacrificed at week 10 and colons were analyzed macroscopically and microscopically for number of cancers and degree of inflammation. MTT assay was performed on CT26 to evaluate the potential IFX role on metabolic activity and proliferation. Cells were incubated with TNF-α or IFX or TNF-α plus IFX, and cell vitality was evaluated after 6, 24 and 48 h. The same setting was used after pre-incubation with TNF-α for 24 *** IFX significantly reduced DAI and body weight loss in mice compared with controls, preserving also colon length at sacrifice. Histological score was also reduced in treated mice. At macroscopic analysis, IFX treated mice showed a lower number of tumor lesions compared to controls. This was confirmed at microscopic analysis, although differences were not statistically significant. In vitro, IFX treated CT26 maintained similar proliferation ability at MTT test, both when exposed to IFX alone and when associated to TNF-α.CONCLUSION IFX did not increase colonic cancer risk in AOM-DSS model of cancer on chronic colitis nor influence directly the proliferation of murine colon cancer epithelial cells.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Colorectal cancer Infliximab AOM-DSS model Cancer on chronic colitis

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