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Malnutrition and non-compliance to nutritional recommendations in patients with cirrhosis are associated with a lower survival

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第10期12卷 829-840页

作者： Dana Crisan Bogdan Procopet Alexandra Epure Horia Stefanescu Alina Suciu Andreea Fodor emil mois Rares Craciun Nicolae Crisan Internal Medicine Department “Iuliu Hatieganu”University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj-Napoca 400126Romania 3rd Medical Clinic “Iuliu Hatieganu”University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj-Napoca 400126Romania Hepatology Unit “Prof.Dr.Octavian Fodor”Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and HepatologyCluj-Napoca 400162Romania Surgery Department “Prof.Dr.Octavian Fodor”Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and HepatologyCluj-Napoca 400126Romania Hepatology Unit “Prof.Dr.Octavian Fodor”Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and HepatologyCluj-Napoca 400126Romania

BACKGROUND Malnutrition is frequently encountered in patients with cirrhosis and appears to significantly impact their *** evaluating the burden of malnutrition in cirrhosis is gathering momentum,as suggested by multiple recently published reports,there is still a persistent scarcity of solid data in the field,especially with regards to the role of nutritional *** To assess the prevalence of malnutrition in patients with advanced cirrhosis and to evaluate its impact on *** One hundred and one consecutive patients with advanced cirrhosis were screened for malnutrition using the Subjective Global Assessment(SGA)criteria and the mid-arm circumference(MAC).Malnutrition was defined as SGA class B and C and MAC<10th *** patients were interviewed regarding their food intake using an adapted ***,total energy intake was calculated and further subdivided in main *** data were then compared to the available recommendations at the time of analysis to assess *** 54/79 patients(68.4%)in the decompensated group had malnutrition,while only 3/22 patients(13.6%)were malnourished in the compensated *** a median follow-up time of 27 mo(0-53),the overall mortality was 70%.Survival was significantly lower among patients with *** mortality rates were 50%at 1 year and 63%at 2 years for the patients with malnutrition,compared to 21%at 1 year and 30%at 2 years for patients without malnutrition(P=0.01).On multivariate analysis,the factors independently associated with mortality were age,creatinine level and adherence to the protein intake *** mortality was lower in patients with the appropriate protein intake:8%at 1 year and 28%at 2 years in the adherent group,compared to 47%at 1 year and 56%at 2 years in the non-adherent *** The prevalence of malnutrition is high among patients with advanced cirrhosis and might be related in part to a low adherenc

关键词： Malnutrition Decompensated cirrhosis Survival Subjective global assessment Protein intake

Surgical management of hydatid cyst disease of the liver: An improvement from our previous experience?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第5期15卷 847-858页

作者： Florin Zaharie Dan Valean Roxana Zaharie Calin Popa emil mois Diana Schlanger Alin Fetti Claudiu Zdrehus Andra Ciocan Nadim Al-Hajjar Department of Surgery “Octavian Fodor”Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and HepatologyCluj-Napoca 400636ClujRomania Department of Gastroenterology “Octavian Fodor”Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and HepatologyCluj-Napoca 400636ClujRomania Department of Gastroenterology “Iuliu Hatieganu”University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj-Napoca 400012ClujRomania Department of Anaesthesiology “Octavian Fodor”Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and HepatologyCluj-Napoca 400636ClujRomania

BACKGROUND Hydatid liver disease remains an important issue in endemic areas,which may require immediate *** laparoscopic surgery is on the rise,the presence of certain complications may require conversion to the open *** To compare the results of laparoscopic treatment and the open approach in the context of a 12-year single institution experience,and to perform a further comparison between results from the current study and those from a previous *** Between January 2009 and December 2020,247 patients underwent surgery for hydatic disease of the liver in our *** the 247 patients,70 underwent laparoscopic treatment.A retrospective analysis between the two groups was performed,as well as a comparison between current and previous laparoscopic experience(1999-2008).RESULTS There were statistically significant differences between the laparoscopic and open approaches regarding the cyst dimension,location,and presence of cystobiliary *** were no intraoperative complications in the laparoscopic *** cutoff value for the cyst size regarding the presence of cystobiliary fistula was 6.85 cm(P=0.001).CONCLUSION Laparoscopic surgery still plays an important role in the treatment of hydatid disease of the liver,with an increase in its usage over the course of years that has shown benefits regarding the postoperative recovery with a decreased rate of intraoperative *** experienced surgeons can perform laparoscopic surgery in the most difficult conditions,there are some selection criteria that need to be maintained for higher quality results.

关键词： Follow-up Cystobilliary communication Conversion Postoperative complications Imaging

Gauge Inverse Monoids

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Algebra Colloquium 2020年第2期27卷 181-192页

作者： emil Daniel Schwab Department of Mathematical Sciences The University of Texas at El Paso El PasoTexas 79968USA

The paper introduces a class of inverse(sub)monoids which contains Jones-Lawson’s gauge inverse(sub)*** aim is to give examples and the basic properties of these ***-Lawson’s gauge inverse monoid,as an inverse submonoid of the polycyclic monoid,is the prototype in our development *** generalization leads also to Mea-kin-Sapir type results involving bijections between special congruences and special wide inverse submonoids.

关键词： inverse semigroup gauge inverse monoid polycyclic monoid

Region of Interest Imaging for a General Trajectory with the Rebinned BPF Algorithm

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2010年第1期15卷 68-73页

作者： SIDKY emil Y Department of Radiology University of Chicago5841 S.Maryland AvenueChicagoIL 60637USA

The back-projection-filtration （BPF） algorithm has been applied to image reconstruction for cone-beam configurations with general source trajectories. The BPF algorithm can reconstruct 3-D region- of-interest （ROI） images from data containing truncations. However, like many other existing algorithms for cone-beam configurations, the BPF algorithm involves a back-projection with a spatially varying weighting factor, which can result in the non-uniform noise levels in reconstructed images and increased computation time. In this work, we propose a BPF algorithm to eliminate the spatially varying weighting factor by using a rebinned geometry for a general scanning trajectory. This proposed BPF algorithm has an improved noise property, while retaining the advantages of the original BPF algorithm such as minimum data requirement.

关键词： computed tomography region of interest general trajectory rebinned backprojection-filtration

Influence of Legislation in Toxicology

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1989年第1期2卷 30-35页

作者： emil POULSEN Chief Advisor in Toxicology Ministry of Health 19 Moerkhoej Bygade DK-2860 Soeborg Denmark

The influence of toxicology on legislation is quite clear in countries where chemicals are regulated by the authorities. There is normally a toxicological evaluation—in addition to other considerations—behind sales and use permissions and the levels that are accepted in food, air, water, etc. How does legislation affect toxicology? If there is no legislation, then clinical and forensic toxicology will be the most used toxicological disciplines (accidents and other cases of poisoning). The more sophisticated and restrictive the legislation becomes, the more toxicology is used not only to permit the use of chemicals but also to ban them. In addition, legislation for the protection of experimental animals has a profound influence in toxicology and accelerates the use of in vitro and other alternative methods. This paper discusses whether countries in the 'developed' world are overdoing it, thereby maybe hampering the essential use of chemicals in the developing countries. 1989 Academic Press, Inc.

关键词： chemicals permit disciplines restrictive authorities poisoning sophisticated forensic worry maybe

An analysis of silver candlesticks from a casting point of view:originals,copies,forgeries

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China Foundry 2010年第1期7卷 68-75页

作者： Jaromir Audy emil Evin Faculty of Regional Professional Studies School of Enterprise and TechnologyEdith Cowan UniversitySouth West Campus BunburyAustralia 6230 Department Technologies and Materials Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringTechnical University KosiceM-siarska 74Ko-iceSlovakia 04001

Collecting silver artefacts has traditionally been a very popular *** is addictive,therefore the number of potential collectors and investors appears to grow each ***,increases in the interest and buying potentials resulted in a number of forgeries manufactured and introduced to the open antique *** items such as early silver candlesticks dictate a very high price,for many high quality fakes show very good appearances and matching similarities with *** copies are traditionally manufactured by casting using the original items as *** details and variances in design features,position and shape of hallmarks,including the final surface quality are usual features to distinguish the fakes from the *** paper presents results of a study conducted on several silver candlesticks,including two artefacts bearing features of those produced in the mid 18th century,one original Italian candelabrum from Fascist era,and small candlesticks made in the early 20th ***,the paper presents some interesting contemporary coins-replicas of many those produced in different *** coins were offered for sale by unscrupulous dealers via auctions and *** the main results and findings from this study are discussed from a manufacturing point of view,such as fabrication technology,surface quality and hallmarks,which will help the collectors,dealers and investors to detect and avoid forgeries.

关键词： candlesticks candelabra originals copies forgeries silver manufacturing technology hallmarks

Recent behavior and possible future evolution of the glacieret in the cirque Golemiya Kazan in the Pirin Mountains under conditions of climate warming

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第1期16卷 16-29页

作者： Peter NOJAROV emil GACHEV Karsten GRUNEWALD National Institute of Geophysics Geodesy and Geography Bulgarian Academy of Sciences South-West University "Neofit Rilski" Leibniz Institute of Ecological Urban and Regional Development

This research reveals relationships between climate variables and inter-annual dynamics in the area of the glacieret located in the cirque Golemiya Kazan in the Pirin Mountains. The study period is 1993–2017. The correlations are identified using statistical methods. Also, a statistical model is constructed, including some climate variables as predictors. Despite the evident decrease of the glacieret's size in the period from the 1950 s onwards, the long-term trends for the last decades have been insignificant. The main climatic factors influencing the inter-annual dynamics in the area of the glacieret are air temperature, precipitation, zonal and meridional winds and relative humidity. With respect to the dynamics in the area of the glacieret, the important trends in the different climate variables are those of the warm period air temperatures and zonal(u) wind. They also determine to a great extent its future development by acting in two opposite directions – rising temperatures in the warm period will lead to a rapid decrease of its area by the end of the melting season, while the change of wind directionfrom west to east in the warm period will increase its area. The influence of the zonal wind in the warm period is explained mainly by the location of the glacieret in the cirque. Generally, the glacieret is tilted downwards from west to east. Thus, westerly winds facilitate blowing away the snow from the surface of the glacieret, assisting its melting in the warm period. Easterly winds do not have such an effect. The combination of the opposite effects of these two most important climate variables leads to the most likely scenario for the future development of the glacieret, according to which by the middle of this century it is expected to turn into a semi-permanent snow patch, which disappears after some summers, and by the end of the century to completely melt every year before the end of the melting season.

关键词： Climate warming Glacieret Pirin Mountains Statistical modeling Glacieret area Projection

Microscopic theory of light-induced ultrafast skyrmion excitation in transition metal films

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 598-604页

作者： emil Viñas Boström Angel Rubio Claudio Verdozzi Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter Luruper Chaussee 14922761HamburgGermany Center for Computational Quantum Physics(CCQ) The Flatiron Institute162 Fifth AvenueNew YorkNY10010USA Division of Mathematical Physics and ETSF Lund UniversityPO Box 11822100LundSweden

Magnetic skyrmions are topological excitations of great promise for compact and efficient memory ***,to interface skyrmionics with electronic devices requires efficient and reliable ways of creating and destroying such *** this work,we unravel the microscopic mechanism behind ultrafast skyrmion generation by femtosecond laser pulses in transition metal thin *** employ a theoretical approach based on a two-band electronic model,and show that by exciting the itinerant electronic subsystem with a femtosecond laser ultrafast skyrmion nucleation can occur on a 100 fs *** combining numerical simulations with an analytical treatment of the strong s–d exchange limit,we identify the coupling between electronic currents and the localized d-orbital spins,mediated via Rashba spin–orbit interactions among the itinerant electrons,as the microscopic and central mechanism leading to ultrafast skyrmion *** results show that an explicit treatment of itinerant electron dynamics is crucial to understand optical skyrmion generation.

关键词： excitation transition topological

Dual-Energy Technique at Low Tube Voltages for Small Animal Imaging

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2010年第1期15卷 79-86页

作者： CHO Seungryong SIDKY emil Y Department of Radiology University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637USA

We investigate the feasibility of dual-energy method for image contrast enhancement in small animal studies using a low kV X-ray radiographic system. A robust method for X-ray spectrum estimation from transmission measurements, based on expectation-maximization （EM） method, is applied to an X-ray specimen radiographic system for dual energy imaging of a mouse. From transmission measurements of two known attenuators at two different X-ray tube voltages, the X-ray energy spectra are reconstructed using the EM-based method. From the spectra information thus obtained, the transmission data for bone and soft tissue in terms of vadous thicknesses are generated. Two polynomial functions of transmission data are then sought for to fit the inverted thicknesses of bone and soft-tissue. Scatters in cone-beam projection data acquired at two X-ray energies were corrected. From the scatter-corrected data, a bone thickness map is separated from a soft-tissue thickness map by use of the polynomial functions.

关键词： dual-energy specimen radiography spectrum estimation