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sediment transport under the presence and absence of emergent vegetation in a natural alluvial channel from Brazil

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International Journal of sediment Research 2016年第4期31卷 360-367页

作者： Yuri Jacques Agra Bezerra da silva José Ramon Barros Cantalice Vijay P.singh Cinthia Maria Cordeiro Atanázio Cruz Wagner Luís da silva souza soil Conservation Engineering Laboratory Rural Federal University of Pernambuco(UFRPE) Brazil Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Texas A & M University College Station

studies regarding the influence of emergent vegetation on sediment transport are scarce and have mainly focused on flume *** fill this gap and also meet the international need,we aimed to evaluate the influence of emergent vegetation(Echinodorus macrophyllus) on sediment transport of Capibaribe River,*** and suspended sediment measurements were carried out using the Us BLH 84 and Us DH 48 samplers,*** of stem diameter,stem spacing and plant density were performed in conjunction with flow and sediment field *** on our results,0.45 m swas the threshold of mean flow velocity supported by *** under field *** value can be helpful for other rivers with gravel-bed river to armoured layer ratio(AR=D)/D=12.50)-natural conditions observed in Capibaribe River-or where the vegetation can provide positive effects,such as increase the bed stability,assist water restoration/rehabilitation and decrease water *** results can hopefully be used in engineering practice and ecosystem *** general,both the drag coefficient and drag force varied inversely and directly with the mean flow velocity and vegetation density,*** vegetation resistance force was inversely proportional to the bedload transport owing to the resistance caused by emergent *** finding was supported by the clear decoupling between nonvegetated and emergent vegetated conditions indicated by cluster *** study results provided a reasonable understanding of the interaction between emergent vegetation,water flow and sediment transport in the Capibaribe River.

关键词： Vegetation drag force Vegetation drag coefficient Plant Reynolds number Hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis

Higher incidence of steroid-induced ocular hypertension in keratoconus

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Eye and Vision 2016年第1期3卷 29-36页

作者： Anastasios John Kanellopoulos emerson M.Cruz Robert Edward T.Ang George Asimellis Laservision.gr Clinical and Research Eye Institute 17 Tsocha StreetAthens Postal Code:11521Greece NYU Medical school New YorkNYUSA Asian Eye Institute MakatiPhilippines

Background:To compare intraocular pressure(IOP)changes following topical dexamethasone administration for 1 month in keratoconic versus normal ***:This is a retrospective,single-center,non-randomized case series evaluation of 350 *** groups were formed:normal/control Group A(n_(A)=73),eyes that underwent excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy;and keratoconic(KCN)Group B(n_(B)=277),eyes that were subjected to partial laser photorefractive keratectomy combined with collagen cross-linking(The Athens Protocol).All eyes received the same post-operative regimen of topical dexamethasone 0.1%for at least 1 *** applanation tonometry IOP readings and central corneal thickness(CCT)measurements were *** with induced ocular hypertension(OHT,defined as post-operative IOP higher than 21 mmHg),were identified and correlated to refractive procedure,gender,and corneal ***:At 4 weeks postoperatively,OHT was noted on 27.4%(20/73 eyes)in Group A,and 43.7%(121/277 eyes)in KCN Group B,(psix months post-operatively(following 5-months of discontinuing topical dexamethasone treatment and commencing treatment of IOP-lowering medications),OHT rate was 1.8%in Group A and 3.9%in the KCN Group ***:This study demonstrates a potentially significant pre-disposition of keratoconic eyes to the development of steroid-induced OHT.

关键词： Keratoconus Intraocular pressure Corticosteroid induced ocular hypertension IOP spike Corneal collagen cross-linking CXL The Athens protocol Topography-guided Photorefractive keratectomy Dexamethasone topical ophthalmic solution

Effects of laying on of hands with and without a spiritual context on pain and functionality of older women with knee osteoarthritis:study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第2期16卷 106-112页

作者： Katy Andrade Monteiro Zacaron Nélia da silva Mendes Yuri Cotta e silva Giancarlo Lucchetti school of Medicine Federal University of Juiz de ForaJuiz de Fora 36036-330Brazil Institute of Life sciences Department of PhysiotherapyFederal University of Juiz de ForaGovernador Valadares 35012-140Brazil Faculty of Physical Therapy Federal University of Juiz de ForaJuiz de Fora 36036-330Brazil

Background： Laying on of hands （LooH） is a culturally-accepted therapy in several traditions. In Brazil, ＂spiritism＂（third-largest religious tradition in number of followers） uses LooH with the name of ＂spiritist Passe＂（sP）. However, there are few studies assessing sP＇s role in medical outcomes. The present study aims to investigate the effects of LooH, with and without a spiritual context, on pain, joint stiffness, and functional capacity of older women （≥60 years old） with knee osteoarthritis （KOA）. Methods/design： In this triple-blind, prospective randomized controlled trial, older women with KOA are assigned to three groups： LooH with a spiritual context group, LooH group without a spiritual context, and a control group receiving no intervention. Patients are assessed by a blinded researcher at baseline, 8 weeks, and 16 weeks. Pain, joint stiffness, and functional capacity are assessed using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. Other measures such as anxiety, depression, gait speed, and quality of life will also be assessed. To detect differences between groups, a post-intervention com- parison between the three groups and a mean change （post-pre） comparison among the three groups will be done using analysis of variance. All statistical analyses will be performed using an intention-to-treat approach and a per-protocol analysis. Discussion： A pragmatic design using sP, LooH without spiritual context, and no LooH may provide further scientific evidence on sP＇s feasibility and efficacy for KOA patients.

关键词： Complementary therapies spiritual therapies Therapeutic touch spiritual healing Holistic therapies Knee osteoarthritis

Ecotoxicological Tools for Landfarming soil Evaluation in a Petrochemical Complex Area

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Pedosphere 2014年第2期24卷 280-284页

作者： F.M.R.DA silva JUNIOR P.F.silva F.s.GUIMARAEs K.A.DE ALMEIDA P.R.M.BAIsCH A.L.MUCCILLO-BAIsCH Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (FURG) Laboratório de Oceanografia Geológica Instituto de OceanografiaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (FURG) Programa de Pós graduao em Ciências Fisiológicas Fisiologia Animal ComparadaInstituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (FURG)

The demand for simple and rapid bioassays in ecotoxicological evaluations is of paramount importance in order to speed up environmental monitoring *** this study we performed bioassays with lettuce seeds and two species of terrestrial isopods (Armadillidium vulgare and Porcellio dilatatus) for the ecotoxicological assessment of a landfarming soil from a petrochemical complex *** solubilized content of test soil demonstrated a concentration-response type toxic effect on seed germination rate,and a delay on germination,but showed toxic effect on seedlings wet weight only at the highest *** effects were also observed in mortality rate and avoidance behavior of the two woodlice *** results demonstrated the sensitiveness of the organisms studied,and highlighted the possibility to use these bioassays in environmental monitoring programs in areas contaminated with fossil fuels.

关键词： Armadillidium vulgare lettuce Porcellio dilatatus terrestrial woodlice

sociodemographic,biological,and psychosocial correlates of light-and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity during school time,recesses,and physical education classes

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Journal of sport and Health science 2019年第2期8卷 177-182页

作者： Bruno G.G.da Costa Kelly s.da silva Jaqueline A.da silva Giseli Minatto Luiz R.A.de Lima Edio L.Petroski Research Centre in Physical Activity and Health Federal University of Santa Catarina Department of Physical Education Federal University of Santa Catarina Research Centre in Kineanthropometry and Human Development Federal University of Santa Catarina

Background: Identifying factors associated with physical activity(PA) is useful in planning interventions and policies. The aim of this study was to identify sociodemographic, biological, and psychosocial factors associated with PA performed in school ***: Data collected for the present study included gender, age, socioeconomic status, body fat percentage, aerobic fitness, self-efficacy, attitudes,peer and parental support, and perception of school environment. Dependent variables were light-intensity PA(LPA) and moderate-to-vigorousintensity PA(MVPA) performed during school time, recesses, and physical education(PE) classes. Multiple regression analyses were ***: Participating adolescents(n = 567, 53% female, 12.9 ± 5.3 years) spent 5% of school time in MVPA and 27% in LPA, 15% of recesses in MVPA and 44% in LPA, and 16% of PE classes in MVPA and 41% in LPA. Boys engaged in more MVPA in all categories. Age was inversely related with MVPA and LPA in all periods, whereas body fat percentage was inversely related with MVPA in school time and PE classes. Attitude was inversely related with MVPA in all periods and with LPA in recesses. Considering PA to be good and enjoyable was positively associated with MVPA in school ***: Adolescents spent little time in PA during school. Future interventions should implement enjoyable activities at school.

关键词： Accelerometer Adolescents Attitude Physical education Public health self-efficacy

A Bidimensional Finite Element study of Crack Propagation in Austempered Ductile Iron

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第11期77卷 1411-1424页

作者： Gustavo von Zeska de França Roberto Luís de Assumpção Marco Antonio Luersen Carlos Henrique da silva Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Technology–ParanáCuritiba81280-340Brazil

Austempered ductile iron(ADI)is composed of an ausferritic matrix with graphite nodules and has a wide range of applications because of its high mechanical strength,fatigue resistance,and wear resistance compared to other cast *** amount and size of the nodules can be controlled by the chemical composition and austenitizing *** the nodules have lower stiffness than the matrix and can act as stress concentrators,they influence crack ***,the crack propagation mechanism in ADI is not yet fully *** this study,we describe a numerical investigation of crack propagation in ADIs subjected to cyclic *** numerical model used to calculate the stress intensity factors in the material under the given conditions is built with the aid of Abaqus commercial finite element *** crack propagation routine,which is based on the Paris law,is implemented in *** results of the simulation show that the presence of a nodule generates a shear load on the crack ***,even under uniaxial tensile loading,the presence of the nodule yields a non-zero stress intensity factor in mode II,resulting in a deviation in the crack propagation *** is the primary factor responsible for changing the crack propagation direction towards the *** the parameters,for example,increasing the nodule size or decreasing the distance between the nodule and crack tip,can intensify this *** simulations comparing two different ADIs with the same graphite fraction area,the crack in the material with more nodules reaches another nodule in a shorter propagation time(or shorter number of cycles).This suggests that the high fatigue resistance observed in ADIs may be correlated with the number of nodules intercepted by a crack and the additional energy required to nucleate new *** summary,these findings contribute to a better understanding of crack propagation in ADIs,provide insights into the relationship between the presence

关键词： Austempered ductile iron(ADI) fatigue crack propagation graphite nodule

Benford or Not Benford:A systematic But Not Always Well-Founded Use of an Elegant Law in Experimental Fields

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Communications in Mathematics and statistics 2020年第2期8卷 167-201页

作者： stéphane Blondeau Da silva XLIM-Mathis UMR no 7252 CNRS-Universitéde Limoges123Avenue Albert Thomas87060 LimogesFrance

In this paper,we will propose a way to accurately model certain naturally occurring collections of *** this proposed model,the proportion of d as leading digit,d∈[1,9],in data is more likely to follow a law whose probability distribution is determined by a specific upper bound,rather than Benford’s Law,as one might have *** probability distributions fluctuate nevertheless around Benford’s *** peculiar fluctuations have often been observed in the literature in such data sets(where the physical,biological or economical quantities considered are upper bounded).Knowing beforehand the value of this upper bound enables to find,through the developed model,a better adjusted law than Benford’s one.

关键词： Benford’s Law Leading digit Experimental data

Zinc-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for High-Performance supercapacitor Electrodes:Mechanism Underlying Pore Generation

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第2期6卷 100-112页

作者： shigeyuki Umezawa Takashi Douura Koji Yoshikawa Daisuke Tanaka Vlad stolojan s.Ravi P.silva Mika Yoneda Kazuma Gotoh Yasuhiko Hayashi seiwa Electric Mfg.Co.Ltd. Kyoto 610-0192Japan Graduate school of Natural science and Technology Okayama UniversityOkayama 700-8350Japan school of science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin UniversityHyogo 669-1337Japan JST PRESTO2-1 GakuenHyogo 669-1337Japan Advanced Technology Institute University of SurreyGuilfordSurreyGU27XHUK

Heat treatment of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)has provided a wide variety of functional carbons coordinated with metal *** this study,two kinds of zinc-based MOF(ZMOF),C_(16)H_(10)O_(4)Zn(ZMOF1)and C_(8)H_(4)O_(4)Zn(ZMOF2),were ***1 and ZMOF2 were carbonized at 1000℃,forming CZMOF1 and CZMOF2,*** specific surface area(s_(BET))of CZMOF2 was~2700 m^(2)g^(−1),much higher than that of CZMOF1(~1300 m^(2)g^(−1)).A supercapacitor electrode based on CZMOF2 achieved specific capacitances of 360,278,and 221 F g^(−1)at 50,250,and 1000 mA g^(−1)in an aqueous electrolyte(H2sO_(4)),respectively,the highest values reported to date for ZMOF-derived electrodes under identical *** practical applicability of the CZMOF-based supercapacitor was verified in non-aqueous *** initial capacitance retention was 78%after 100000 charge/discharge cycles at 10 A g^(−1).Crucially,the high capacitance of CZMOF2 arises from pore generation during *** 1000℃,pore generation is dominated by the Zn/C ratio of ZMOFs,as carbon atoms reduce the zinc oxides formed during *** 1000℃,a high O/C ratio becomes essential for pore generation because the oxygen functional groups are *** findings will provide insightful information for other metal-based MOFderived multifunctional carbons.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks pore generation porous carbons supercapacitor zinc oxides

Thermodynamic aspects of inclusion engineering in steels

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Rare Metals 2006年第5期25卷 412-419页

作者： A.Costa e silva EEIMVR-UFF Av.Trabalhadores 420Volta RedondaRJBrasil IBQN- Rio de JaneiroRJBrasil

Tailoring non-metallic inclusions in accordance to the desired effect on steel properties has gained widespread acceptance in the last decades and has become known as “inclusion engineering”. Effective inclusion engineering involves three steps：（a） a good knowledge of how inclusions influence properties, （b） understanding what is the effect of each type of inclusions on these properties and thus which is the most desirable inclusion in a given product and （c） adjusting the processing parameters to obtain these inclusions. A significant portion of the process adjustment is done during steel refining, where the steel can be tailored so that the desired chemical composition of the non-metallic inclusions that will precipi- tate can be altered. Understanding the relations between steel chemistry, processing variables and inclusion chemical composition requires significant understanding of the thermodynamics of the systems involved. These complex equilibrium calculations are best done using computational thermodynamics. In this work some of the basic techniques used to control inclusion composition are reviewed and the thermodynamic information required to perform this task is presented. several examples of the application of computational thermodynamics to inclusion engineering of different steels grades are presented and compared with experimental results, whenever possible. The potential and limitations of the method are highlighted, in special those related to thermodynamic data and databases.

关键词： computational thermodynamics steel non-metallic inclusions