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Real time endoscopic ultrasound elastography and strain ratio in the diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第32期23卷 5962-5968页

作者： Hussein Okasha Shaimaa elkholy Ramy el-Sayed Mohamed-Naguib Wifi Mohamed el-Nady Walid el-Nabawi Waleed A el-Dayem Mohamed I Radwan Ali Farag Yahya el-sherif emad Al-Gemeie Ahmed Salman Mohamed el-Sherbiny Ahmed el-Mazny Reem e Mahdy Internal Medicine Department Cairo University Department of Tropical Medicine Zagazig University Internal Medicine Department Beni Suef University Tropical Medicine Department El Manial Specialized Hospital Pathology Department National Cancer InstituteCairo University Internal Medicine Department Assiut University

AIM To evaluate the accuracy of the elastography score combined to the strain ratio in the diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions(SPL). MeTHODS A total of 172 patients with SPL identified by endoscopic ultrasound were enrolled in the study to evaluate the efficacy of elastography and strain ratio in differentiating malignant from benign lesions. The semi quantitative score of elastography was represented by the strain ratio method. Two areas were selected, area(A) representing the region of interest and area(B) representing the normal area. Area(B) was then divided by area(A). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value(PPV), negative predictive value(NPV), and accuracy were calculated by comparing diagnoses made by elastography, strain ratio and final *** SPL were shown to be benign in 49 patients and malignant in 123 patients. elastography alone had a sensitivity of 99%, a specificity of 63%, and an accuracy of 88%, a PPV of 87% and an NPV of 96%. The best cut-off level of strain ratio to obtain the maximal area under the curve was 7.8 with a sensitivity of 92%, specificity of 77%, PPV of 91%, NPV of 80% and an accuracy of 88%. Another estimated cut off strain ratio level of 3.8 had a higher sensitivity of 99% and NPV of 96%, but with less specificity, PPV and accuracy 53%, 84% and 86%, respectively. Adding both elastography to strain ratio resulted in a sensitivity of 98%, specificity of 77%, PPV of 91%, NPV of 95% and accuracy of 92% for the diagnosis of SPL. CONCLUSION Combining elastography to strain ratio increases the accuracy of the differentiation of benign from malignant SPL.

关键词： endoscopic Ultrasound elastography Strain Ratio Real Time Pancreatic lesions

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Simulation and experimental Data of P-e Hysteresis Loop in BNT and BKT

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Journal of Modern Physics 2017年第5期8卷 844-851页

作者： Natheer B. Mahmood emad K. Al-Shakarchi Physics Department College of Science Al-Nahrain University Baghdad Iraq

Hysteresis loop measurements performed both experimentally for Bismuth Sodium Titanate (BNT) and Bismuth Potassium Titanate (BKT) samples using modified Sawyer-Tower Circuit. The experiment showed that the P-e hysteresis had main parameters for BNT, remnant polarization (Pr = 27 μC/cm2), spontaneous polarization (Ps = 35 μC/cm2) and coercive electric field (ec = 60 kV/cm) and for BKT the remnant polarization was (Pr = 5.2 μC/cm2), spontaneous polarization (Ps = 30 μC/cm2) and coercive electric field (ec = 4.72 kV/cm). These three parameters (remnant polarization, spontaneous polarization, coercive electric field) were used in a simulated software depending on the mathematical model for the polarization in ferroelectric materials. The simulation software predicted the value of applied electric field required to perform the P-e hysteresis experiment varying with Pr, Ps, ec. The results of the simulation exhibited agreement with the experimental data. The last prediction could help the researchers in studying the ferroelectric hysteresis loop, especially for those studying a fatigue behaviour or studying the effect of electric field cycle on the hysteresis loop.

关键词： Ferroelectric Behaviour Fatigue Behaviour Hysteresis Loop Perovskite Structure

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Integrated Hazard Identification(IHI):A Quick Accident Analysis and Quantification Method for Practitioners

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Non-Metallic Material Science 2021年第2期3卷 26-38页

作者： Muhammad Imran Rashid Muhammad Athar Izzat Iqbal Cheema emad Benhelal Department of Chemical Polymer and Composite Materials EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and TechnologyLahore(New Campus)39021Pakistan Centre for Advanced Process Safety(CAPS) Chemical Engineering DepartmentUniversiti Tecknologi PETRONAS32610Bandar Seri IskandarPerak Darul RidzuanMalaysia Department of Chemical engineering Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology(KFUEIT)Abu Dhabi RoadRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan Discipline of Chemical engineering The University of NewcastleCallaghan NSW 2308Australia

There are many techniques for hazard identification and are divided into shortcut,standard and advanced *** these,HAZOP and What-If techniques are mostly engaged by practitioners in the chemical process *** of these have certain advantages and limitations,i.e.,HAZOP is structured,and what-if covers broad range of *** is no hazard identification method,which can cover a broad range of scenarios and is structured in *** this purpose,a new technique namely integrated hazard identification(IHI)is proposed in this article that integrates HAZOP and *** methodology is demonstrated via hazard identification study of urea synthesis *** ranking is used to sort out the worst-case *** worst-case scenario is further studied in detail for quantification that is performed using the ALOHA *** quantification has assisted to detect ammonia concentrations in nearby control room and surroundings for worst-case *** is revealed that if ammonia pump is not stopped within 10 minutes,concentration inside and outside the control room may reach to 384 ppm and 2630 ppm,compared to 1100 ppm(AeGL-3).Thus the proposed method would be easy,time saving and covers more details and would be handy for practicing engineers working in different chemical process industries.

关键词： Integrated hazard identification HAZOP What-if Risk assessment Risk matrix

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Modeling and Simulation of a Renewable energy Based-Medical Herb Dryer

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Smart Grid and Renewable energy 2013年第2期4卷 144-152页

作者： Abdel-Shafy A. Nafeh emad Ahmed Sweelem Faten Hosny Fahmy PV Cells Department Electronics Research Institute Cairo Egypt.

The medical herbs should be dried directly after harvesting, otherwise, insects and fungi spoilage them. Conventional drying methods such as open sun drying and conventional fuel dryers are not suitable, since they contaminate the herbs, decrease the drying efficiency and at the same time increase the drying cost. Therefore, the recent trend is toward the harnessing the renewable energy to dry the medical herbs. This paper presents a new controlled drying system, which uses a solar collector and an electric heater to heat the drying air, and a PV-WIND hybrid system to supply the required electric energy to the dryer electric load. This paper also presents the dynamic modeling, simulation, and control of the suggested thermal system (i.e., the solar thermal system and the electrical heater). Moreover, this paper, exhibits the different results of the thermal system, to check the effectiveness of this system that fulfills the requirements of the drying operation. The system results are found to satisfy the ultimate goals of the drying operation.

关键词： Medical Herb Dryer Solar Thermal System Renewable energy Dynamic Modeling

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Bioremoval of Aquatic environment Lead by Immobilized Cells of enterobacter spp.

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Journal of Life Sciences 2011年第11期5卷 967-973页

作者： Harith Jabbar Fahad Al-Mathkhury Adnan Hasan Afaj Waad emad Kasid Department of Biology College of Science Uniw rsity of Baghdad Baghdad 10071 Iraq Ministry of Science and Technology Baghdad 10070 Iraq Ministry of lndustry and Minerals General Commission for Industrial Research and Development Energy and EnvironmentResearch Center Baghdad 10071 Iraq

This work aimed to investigate the biosorption of lead by free and immobilized bacterial cell. Twenty four samples were collected from the wastewater of batteries factory in AL-Waziria district for the period from June to Sept. 2004, three species of bacteria have been isolated from this wastewater： enterobacter agglomerans, e. gergoviae, and e. sakazakii. The results revealed a high variation in the ability of these bacteria for lead biosorption, the bacteria e. agglomerans （eS） was the most efficient compared to the other bacterial species. A laboratory plant with continuous flow system was designed for lead ions removal from standards aqueous solutions, as the cells were immobilized using： white sand, charcoal, agar and calcium alginate. However, the cells immobilized to calcium alginate were the most efficient in removal of lead ions （98%）. Present study also determined the optimal conditions for the biosorptJon of lead ions which were temperature 40℃ and pH 4 with one hour contiguity between the immobilized bacteria and solution. Different washing solutions were used fo~： recovering the lead ions that have been biosorbed on the bacterial walls, 0.1 M eDTA was the most efficient. Preferential biosorption by e. agglomerans （e5） to copper and cadmium was determined, result showed that the order of this preferential capability was： Cu 〉 Pb 〉 Cd. No significant differences were found in the biosorption of lead ions by alive and dead e. agglomerans （e5）. The designed lab plant containing bacterial cells binding on calcium alginate was able to uptake all lead ions from all samples of industrial wastewater of batteries factory.

关键词： enterobacter immobilization lead bioremoval

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Value of Different Diagnostic Markers in Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in HCV egyptian Cirrhotic Patients

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第9期5卷 119-128页

作者： emad M. el Motasem Ahmed A. Heikal Hemmat e. el Haddad Ahmed Hamdy Rasha M. Abdel Samie Heba Sharaf el Din Internal Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt

Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a life-threatening infection occurring in 8% - 30% of ascitic cirrhotic patients;different laboratory diagnostics play a pivotal role for rapid and effective management of SBP patients. Polymorphonuclear leucocytic (PMNLs) count in Ascitic fluid (AF) is the mainstay for the diagnosis, whereas the diagnostic role of alternative biomarkers is rather controversial. In many studies, serum lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) was elevated and Complement 3 (C3) level was significantly consumed in AF of SBP patients. Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic value of serum LBP and AF C3 in HCV-cirrhotics with SBP in relation to other well-established serum and AF markers. Patients and Methods: One hundred and twenty patients with HCV-cirrhosis and ascites were enrolled and consented: 50 patients with non-SBP ascites in group A and 70 ascitic patients diagnosed with SBP according to clinical suspicion and PMLs count in AF ≥ 250 cells/mm3 in group B in addition to 15 healthy individuals considered as a control group. Serum LBP, CBC, kidney and liver function tests, CRP, fasting and 2 h PP blood glucose and HCV antibodies were measured. AF samples were sent for C3 level, culture, PMNLs count, LDH, CRP, total proteins and albumin. Results: In patients with SBP, the level of serum LBP was not significantly high (p > 0.05) with best cut off value at 0.4500 and poor AUC (ensitivity and specificity (53.3% & 57.7%, respectively). AF C3 was significantly reduced in AF (p est cut off value at 144.2 and almost excellent AUC (0.889) with good sensitivity and specificity (82% & 84%, respectively). AF culture showed significant difference between both patients groups (p ensitivity (33.3%). Serum and AF CRP and AF PMNLs count were of high significance in SBP diagnosis (p erum LBP level showed low significance while AF C3 was significantly reduced in patients

关键词： Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis-Serum Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein-Ascitic Fluid Complement 3-C-Reactive Protein-Ascitic Fluid Culture

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Safety of digoxin in nonagenarian patients with atrial fibrillation:lessons from the Spanish Multicenter Registry

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2021年第10期18卷 809-815页

作者： Pablo Domínguez-erquicia Sergio Raposeiras-Roubín emad Abu-Assi María Cespón-Fernández David Alonso-Rodríguez Santiago Jesús Camacho-Freire Naiara Cubelos-Fernández Álvaro López-Masjuán Ríos María Melendo-Viu AndrésÍñiguez-Romo Department of Cardiology University HospitalÁlvaro CunqueiroVigoSpain Health Research Institute Galicia Sur VigoSpain Department of Cardiology University Hospital of LeónLeónSpain Department of Cardiology University Hospital Juan Ramón JiménezHuelvaSpain

BACKGROUND The association between digoxin and mortality is an unclear *** older patients with atrial fibrillation(AF),where use of digoxin is frequent,the evidence of its safety is *** aim is to assess the safety of digoxin in nonagenarian patients with *** We evaluated data from 795 nonagenarian patients with non-valvular AF from the Spanish Multicenter *** analyzed the relationship between digoxin and all-cause mortality with the Cox proportional-hazards *** Follow-up was 27.7±18.3 *** age was 92.5±3.8 years,and 71%of nonagenarian patients were *** was not associated with increased risk of mortality[adjusted hazard ratio(aHR)=1.16,95%CI:0.96−1.41,P=0.130].However,we found a significant increase in mortality in the subgroup with estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)er 1.73 m^(2)(aHR=2.01,95%CI:1.13−3.57,P=0.018),but not in the other subgroups of eGFR(30−59 mL/min per 1.73 m^(2) and≥60 mL/min per 1.73 m^(2)).When exploring the risk of mortality according to sex,male subgroup was associated with an in-crease in mortality(aHR=1.48,95%CI:1.02−2.14,P=0.041).This was not observed in females subgroup(aHR=1.03,95%CI:0.81−1.29,P=0.829).Based on the presence or absence of heart failure,we did not find significant differences(aHR=1.20,95%CI:0.87−1.65,P=0.268 ***=1.15,95%CI:0.90−1.47,P=0.273,respectively).CONCLUSIONS In our large registry of nonagenarian patients with AF,we did not find an association between digoxin and mortality in the total ***,in the subgroup analyses,we found an increase in mortality with the use of digoxin in men and in patients with an eGFRer 1.73 m^(2).

关键词： patients digoxin fibrillation

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Do Observations during Patrolling Trips Detect Changes in Wildlife Presence & Diversity in National Parks?

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Open Journal of ecology 2023年第11期13卷 794-805页

作者： Samir A. Koko Ahmed A. H. Siddig emad H. e. Yasin Nasradeen A. H. Gadallah Mohamed M. A. Adam Ahmed M. M. Hasoba Ameer Awad Mohammed Faculty of Forestry University of Khartoum Khartoum North Sudan Faculty of Forestry University of Sopron Bajcsy-Zsilinszky utca 4 Sopron Hungary African Center of excellence on Climate Change Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture University Felix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Faculty of Forest Sciences and Technology University of Gezira Wad Madani Sudan Wildlife Research Center Khartoum North Sudan

Globally, mountains encompass spectacular landscapes and a great diversity of species. However, Savannah’s mountains in Sudan have been affected by the loss of diversity due to human activities and climate changes. Therefore, this study aims to assess changes in wildlife diversity in Jebel-eldair Nation Park (JeNP) based on only reports from patrolling activities, especially in the absence of regular wildlife monitoring programs. Reports of monthly wildlife observations during patrolling trips were used for the summer season in 2010 and 2018. Findings showed a moderate to high decline in the most important wildlife species (i.e. lion, wild dog, and crest porcupine). Six others are documented as rare species in reserve, including the civet, spotted hyena, striped hyena, jackal, seraval, and Siberian bird. Contrary and despite the diversity reduction, some species witnessed increases in their observation frequency, such as lesser kudu, caracal, monitor, and lunar bird. Moreover, human settlements, agricultural activities, and other anthropogenic factors were found to be the main drivers of biodiversity reduction in JeNP. The study recommends adopting this method to detect changes in wildlife communities, especially in a situation of deficiency and lack of funding to conduct regular monitoring programs.

关键词： Wildlife Monitoring Biodiversity Jebel-eldair Nature Reserve Patrolling Observations Savanna’s Mountain

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Impact of legislative precision in the managgement of the Casbah

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Built Heritage 2023年第1期7卷 59-75页

作者： Farah Hadji Zaki Aslan Quenza Bougherira emad Mushtaha University of Sharjah SharjahUnited Arab Emirates University of Algiers-1 Alger CtreAlgeria

The historic centre of Algiers(Casbah)presents a state of severe *** and legislative measures have been promulgated in the past three decades to provide an adequate framework for the conservation of the old *** paper investigates the law and subsequent legal instruments used in heritage management and the impact of legislative provisions on the management of the living historic centre of the Casbah of *** the issuance of Algerian Law n'98-04 relating to the protection of cultural heritage,the role of the various entities managing the Casbah was rather *** law provides more details about the structure of urban heritage ***,a new heritage protection tool came into existence(the PPSMvsS,i.e.,the Permanent Plan for Safeguarding and enhancement of the Safeguarded Sector).Difficulties encountered in the field concerning the application of legislative tools caused considerable delays in preservation actions on the *** paper provides an analysis of the contradictions between text enforcement and conservation plans to understand the main reasons that led to the degradation of the historic ***,the paper proposes a number of solutions to be implemented by the Algerian authorities.

关键词： heritage urban heritage heritage management heritage law management of urban historic centres protected areas/safeguarded sectors conservation plans/safeguarding plans

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Gene therapy and erectile dysfunction： the current status

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第1期9卷 8-15页

作者： David H. W. Lau Sashi S. Kommu emad J. Siddiqui Cecil S. Thompson Robert J. Morgan Dimitri P. Mikhailidis Faiz H. Mumtaz Department of Urology Royal Free Hospital and University College Medical School University College London Royal Free Campus Rowland Hill Street London NW3 2QG UK Department of Clinical Biochemistry Royal Free Hospital and University College Medical School University College London Royal Free Campus Rowland Hill Street London NW3 2QG UK Department of Surgery Royal Free Hospital and University College Medical School University College London Royal Free Campus Rowland Hill Street London NW3 2QG UK Department of Urology Chase Farm Hospital The Ridgeway Enfield EN2 8JL UK Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Surrey SM2 5PT UK

Current available treatment options for erectile dysfunction （eD） are effective but not without failure and/or side effects. Although the development of phosphodiesterase type 5 （PDe5） inhibitors （i.e. sildenafil, tadalafil and vardenafil） has revolutionized the treatment of eD, these oral medications require on-demand access and are not as effective in treating eD related to diabetic, post-prostatectomy and severe veno-occlusive disease states. Improvement in the treatment of eD is dependent on understanding the regulation of human corporal smooth muscle tone and on the identification of relevant molecular targets. Future eD therapies might consider the application of molecular technologies such as gene therapy. As a potential therapeutic tool, gene therapy might provide an effective and specific means for altering intracavernous pressure ＂on demand＂ without affecting resting penile function. However, the safety of gene therapy remains a major hurdle to overcome before being accepted as a mainstream treatment for eD. Gene therapy aims to cure the underlying conditions in eD, including fibrosis. Furthermore, gene therapy might help prolong the efficacy of the PDe5 inhibitors by improving penile nitric oxide bioactivity. It is feasible to apply gene therapy to the penis because of its location and accessibility, low penile circulatory flow in the flaccid state and the presence of endothelial lined （lacunar） spaces. This review provides a brief insight of the current role of gene therapy in the management of eD.

关键词： gene therapy nitric oxide synthase erectile dysfunction calcium-sensitive potassium channel vascular endothelial growth factor calcitonin gene-related peptide

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