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Changing dietary n-6:n-3 ratio using different oil sources affects performance,behavior,cytokines mRnA expression and meat fatty acid profile of broiler chickens

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Animal nutrition 2018年第1期4卷 -页

作者： Doaa ibrahim Rania El-Sayed Safaa i.Khater Enas n.Said Shefaa A.m.El-mandrawy Department of nutrition and Clinical nutrition Faculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig University Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig University Department of Veterinary Public Health Faculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig University Department of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig University

Typical formulated broiler diets are deficient in n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) due to widening n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio which could greatly affect performance,immune system of birds and,more importantly,meat *** study was conducted to evaluate the effect of modifying dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio from plant and animal oil sources on performance,behavior,cytokine m RnA expression,antioxidative status and meat fatty acid profile of broiler ***(n=420) were fed 7 diets enriched with different dietary oil sources and ratios as follows: sunflower oil in control diet(C); fish oil(FO); 1:1 ratio of sunflower oil to FO(C1 FO1); 3:1 ratio of sunflower oil to fish oil(C3 FO1); linseed oil(LO); 1:1 ratio of sunflower oil to linseed oil(C1 LO1); 3:1 ratio of sunflower oil to linseed oil(C3 LO1),resulting in dietary n-6:n-3 ratios of approximately 40:1,1.5:1,4:1,8:1,1:1,2.5:1 and 5:1,*** best final body weight,feed conversion ratio as well as protein efficiency ratio of broilers were recorded in the C1 FO1 and C1 LO1 *** with the control group,the dressing percentage and breast and thigh yield were highest in the C1 FO1 and C1 LO1 *** the dietary n-6:n-3 ratio increased(P n-3 PUFA content of breast ***,the breast meat contents of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid increased(P ith increasing dietary FO whereas a-linolenic acid content was higher with LO ***,enriching the diets with n-3 PUFA from FO and LO clearly decreased(P m total cholesterol,triglycerides and very low-density lipoproteins and enhanced antioxidative *** feeding frequency was decreased(P in the C1 FO1 and C1 LO1 ***,n-3 PUFA-enriched diets enhanced the frequency of preening,wing flapping and *** oil source addition,compared to plant oil,to broiler diets enhanced the relative m RnA expression of interferon gamma,interleukin-1 beta,interleukin-2 and

关键词： Broiler n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio Performance Antioxidant status meat immunity

Effect of sodium modification on microstructure and mechanical properties of thick-walled AlSi6Cu2.5 rheocast component

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Transactions of nonferrous metals Society of China 2010年第9期20卷 1643-1648页

作者： m.WESSn n.E.AnDE RSSOn O.GRAnATH School of Engineering Materials and Manufacturing-CastingJnkping University

The microstructure and tensile properties were investigated in a thick-walled section （approximately 45 mm×43 mm） of a rheocast component produced by the RheometalTm process. Due to the long solidification period of such components, it is expected that the A1-Si eutectic formed will be coarse. Therefore, sodium （na） was used as a modifying agent to reduce the coarseness of the eutectic. Tensile test bars were machined from three different sets of materials： 1） non-modified melt, 2） modified melt cast directly after na addition, and 3） modified melt cast 30 min after na addition. The alloy used was a secondary AlSi6Cu2.5 alloy （STEnAL Rheol）, specially developed for rheocasting. The material was studied in the as-cast condition as well as after a T6 heat treatment. The results show that the Al-Si eutectic is significantly refined by the na addition, even after a fading time of 30 min. However, it is observed that the na modification generally has a detrimental effect on the mechanical properties, despite the structure refinem.nt. This is especially true in the T6 heat treated condition, where the yield strength is reduced by more than 30%. Some possible mechanisms for the degradation of mechanical performance are discussed.

关键词： rheocasting thick-walled component eutectic modification mechanical properties sodium Al alloys

Prospects for sociogenomics in avian cooperative breeding and parental care

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Current Zoology 2020年第3期66卷 293-306页

作者： Flavia TERmiGnOni-GARCiA matthew i.m.LOUDER Christopher n.BALAKRiSHnAn Lauren O’COnnELL Scott V.EDWARDS Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA international Research Center for neurointelligence The University of TokyoHongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Department of Biology East Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC 27858USA Department of Biology Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

For the last 40 years,the study of cooperative breeding(CB)in birds has proceeded primarily in the context of discovering the ecological,geographical,and behavioral drivers of *** advent of molecular tools in the early 1990s assisted in clarifying the relatedness of helpers to those helped,in some cases,confirming predictions of kin selection *** for genome-wide analysis of sequence variation,gene expression,and epigenetics promise to add new dimensions to our understanding of avian CB,primarily in the area of molecular and developmental correlates of delayed breeding and dispersal,as well as the ontogeny of achieving parental status in ***,we outline key ways in which modern-omics approaches,in particular genome sequencing,transcriptomics,and epigenetic profiling such as ATAC-seq,can be used to add a new level of ana-lysis of avian *** on recent and ongoing studies of avian social behavior and sociogenom-ics,we review how high-throughput sequencing of a focal species or clade can provide a robust foundation for downstream,context-dependent destructive and non-destructive sampling of spe-cific tissues or physiological states in the field for analysis of gene expression and epigenetics.-Omics approaches have the potential to inform not only studies of the diversification of CB over evolutionary time,but real-time analyses of behavioral interactions in the field or *** of birds represents a new branch in the network of methods used to study CB,and can help clarify ways in which the different levels of analysis of CB ultimately interact in novel and unexpected ways.

关键词： ATAC-seq behavior convergent evolution epigenetics neurobiology phylogeny

nitric oxide alleviates cadmium-impeded growth by limiting ROS accumulation in pea seedlings

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BiOCELL 2022年第12期46卷 2583-2593页

作者： EKHLAQUE A.KHAn HamDinO m.i.AHmED mEEnA miSRA PALLAVi SHARmA amAREnDRA n.miSRA miRZA HASAnUZZamAn Department of Life Sciences Central University of JharkhandRanchi835205India Department of Biotechnology Chaudhary Bansi Lal UniversityBhiwani127021India Horticulture Research institute(HRi) Agricultural Research Center(ARC)Giza12619Egypt School of Environment and Sustainable Development Central University of GujratGandhinagar382030India School of Applied Sciences Centurion University of Technology and ManagementBhubaneswar752050India Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureSher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka1207Bangladesh

Cadmium(Cd)causes oxidative stress,which leads to the oxidation of various biomolecules by the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)to facilitate programmed cell death(PCD).The antioxidant defense system fails to detoxify ROS when it is produced in *** oxide(nO),a gaseous free radical and a phytohormone,regulates various physiological processes of ***,this work was undertaken to study the effects of the application of exogenous sodium nitroprusside(SnP,a nO donor)on growth parameters,oxidative stress,accumulation of secondary metabolites,and activities of antioxidant enzymes under Cd ***(50μm)and severe(200μm)Cd stress were applied to hydroponically grown pea(Pisum sativum L.)plants with or without 50μm *** Cd stress had a substantial impact on the *** effectiveness of nO in reducing Cd-induced negative effects on plant height,fresh weight,dry weight,protein content,nitrite content,nitrate reductase(nR)activity,catalase activity,and peroxidase activity were *** development,protein content,nitrite content,nitrate reductase(nR)activity,antioxidant defense systems disruption,overproduction of reactive oxygen species,and oxidative damage were *** antioxidant defense system(catalase and peroxidase activities)was activated by nO,which resulted in lower lipid peroxidation and lower hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)levels in Cd-exposed *** treatment boosted endogenous nO levels and nR activity in Cd-stressed plants while also enhanced proline levels to preserve osmotic *** presence of total phenols and flavonoids increased after SnP treatment,indicating that SnP enhanced stress recovery and boosted plant development in Cd-stressed plants.

关键词： Cadmium SnP Reactive oxygen species Oxidative stress Programmed cell death

is Li-ESWT effective in diabetic patients with severe erectile dysfunction?

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2022年第5期24卷 521-524页

作者： müslüm Ergün Osman Akyüz Department of Urology School of MedicineAtlas UniversityIstanbul 34200Turkey

noninvasive low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave treatment(Li-ESWT)has been widely used to treat erection *** is no clear information regarding either the selection of patients for the treatment or the treatment *** this study,we aimed to investigate the efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in diabetic patients with severe erectile dysfunction(international index of Erectile Function-5[iiEF-5]scores of 5 to 7).Sixty-three diabetes mellitus patients with erectile dysfunction having iiEF-5 scores of 5 to 7 and not showing a recovery of potency despite phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor therapy for the past 6 months were included in the *** patients were evaluated based on their iiEF-5 scores and Erection Hardness Scale *** iiEF-5 score(mean±standard deviation[s.d.])increased from 5.29±1.67 to 5.56±1.85,with a difference of 0.27±0.18(P>0.05).The Erection Hardness Scale scores(mean±s.d.),on the other hand,increased from 1.46±0.50 to 1.48±0.50,with a difference of 0.02±0(P>0.05).in conclusion,the response to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors did not change after extracorporeal shockwave treatment in diabetes mellitus patients with severe erectile dysfunction(iiEF-5 scores of 5 to 7).

关键词： diabetes mellitus international index of Erectile Function-5 score low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave treatment severe erectile dysfunction

investigating the effect of entrance channel mass asymmetry on fusion reactions using the Skyrme energy density formalism

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2020年第9期31卷 45-52页

作者： m.m.Hosamani A.Vinayak n.m.Badiger Department of Studies in Physics Karnatak UniversityDharwad 580003India

in the present investigations,the fusion crosssections for the formation of 200Pb compound nucleus(Cn)using 16O+184 W,30Si+170Er,and 40Ar+160Gd nuclear reactions at energies above the Coulomb barrier were calculated to understand the effect of entrance channel mass asymmetry(α)on the fusion reactions;the Skyrme energy density formalism(SEDF)was used for this *** SEDF uses the Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov(HFB)computational program with Skyrme forces such as Skm*,SLy4,and SLy5 to obtain the nucleus-nucleus potential parameters for the above *** the SEDF model with Skm*,SLy4,and SLy5 interaction forces,the theoretical fusion cross-sections were determined above the barrier energy and compared with the available experimental fusion *** results show a close agreem.nt between the theoretical and experimental values for all selected systems at energies well above the ***,near the barrier energies,the theoretical values were observed to be higher than the experimental values.

关键词： Skyrme force Energy density formalism Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov Thomas-Fermi model Coupled-channel calculation

Coexisting charge density wave and ferromagnetic instabilities in monolayer inSe

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npj Computational materials 2022年第1期8卷 1101-1109页

作者： Evgeny A.Stepanov Viktor Harkov malte Rösner Alexander i.Lichtenstein mikhail i.Katsnelson Alexander n.Rudenko CPHT CNRSEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128PalaiseauFrance i.institute of Theoretical Physics University of HamburgNotkestraße 922607HamburgGermany European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility Holzkoppel 422869SchenefeldGermany Radboud University Institute for Molecules and Materials6525AJNijmegenThe Netherlands The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast imaging Luruper Chaussee 14922761HamburgGermany

Recently fabricated inSe monolayers exhibit remarkable characteristics that indicate the potential of this material to host a number of many-body *** this work,we systematically describe collective electronic effects in hole-doped inSe monolayers using advanced many-body *** this end,we derive a realistic electronic-structure model from first principles that takes into account the most important characteristics of this material,including a flat band with prominent van Hove singularities in the electronic spectrum,strong electron–phonon coupling,and weakly screened long-ranged Coulomb *** calculate the temperature-dependent phase diagram as a function of band filling and observe that this system is in a regime with coexisting charge density wave and ferromagnetic instabilities that are driven by strong electronic Coulomb *** regime can be achieved at realistic doping levels and high enough temperatures,and can be verified *** find that the electron–phonon interaction does not play a crucial role in these effects,effectively suppressing the local Coulomb interaction without changing the qualitative physical picture.

关键词： ferromagnetic charge wave

Ultraviolet and visible upconversion luminescence of Tm(0.1)Yb(5):FOV oxyfluoride nanophase vitroceramics

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Science China(Physics,mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第12期51卷 1868-1876页

作者： n. SAWAnOBOi m. OHTSUKA Sumita Optical Glass Inc. Japan

The ultraviolet upconversion luminescence of Tm3+ ions sensitized by Yb3+ ions in oxyfluoride nanophase vitroceramics when excited by a 975 nm diode laser was studied. An ultraviolet upconversion luminescence line positioned at 363.6 nm was found. it was attributed to the fluorescence transition of 1D2→3H6 of Tm3+ ion. Sev- eral visible upconversion luminescence lines at 450.7 nm, (477.0 nm, 462.5 nm), 648.5 nm, (680.5 nm, 699.5 nm) and (777.2 nm, 800.7 nm) were also found, which result respectively from the fluorescence transitions of 1D2→3F4, 1G4→3H6, 1G4→3F4, 3F3→3H6 and 3H4→3H6 of Tm3+ ion. The careful measurem.nt and analysis of the variation of upconversion luminescence intensity F as a function of the 975 nm pumping laser power P prove that the upconversion luminescence of 1D2 state is partly a five-photon upconversion luminescence, and the upconversion lumines- cence of 1G4 state and 3H4 state are respectively the three-photon and two-photon upconversion luminescence. The theoretical analysis suggested that the upcon- version mechanism of the 363.6 nm 1D2→3H6 upconversion luminescence is partly the cross energy transfer of {3H4(Tm3+)→3F4(Tm3+), 1G4(Tm3+)→1D2(Tm3+)} and {1G4(Tm3+)→3F4(Tm3+), 3H4(Tm3+)→1D2(Tm3+)} between Tm3+ ions. in addition, the upconversion luminescence of 1G4 and 3H4 state results respectively from the se- quential energy transfer {2F5/2(Yb3+)→2F7/2(Yb3+), 3H4(Tm3+)→1G4(Tm3+)} and {2F5/2(Yb3+) →2F7/2(Yb3+), 3F4(Tm3+)→3F2(Tm3+)} from Yb3+ ions to Tm3+ ions.

关键词： upconversion luminescence ultraviolet oxyfluoride nanophase vitroceramics saturation Tm3+ ion Yb3+ ion energy transfer

Soil carbon characterization along the profile of two forest soils under Quercus pyrenaica

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第2期31卷 591-600页

作者： A.P.Fernandez-Getino J.L.Alonso-Prados m.i.Santin-montanya UPF-DTEVPF Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y AlimentariaINIACtra.A Corunakm 7.528040 MadridSpain Dpto.Proteccion Vegetal Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y AlimentariaINIACtra.A Corun akm 7.528040 MadridSpain

in light of concerns over climate change and increasing levels of CO2 in the atmosphere,it is of importance to investigate soil organic matter in mediterranean forests at a profile ***-depth studies of the organic fraction are also of interest to improve understanding of carbon balance and to facilitate modelling of carbon fixation in forest *** research evaluates the relationships between diverse parameters such as colour,content,and form of soil organic matter(SOm).Two Quercus pyrenica ecosystems with soils classified as inceptisols with a xeric or dry moisture regime,and developed under a mediterranean climate in Spain,were used to characterize SOm through the complete sequence of layers of the soil *** differentiating factor between the two ecosystems was slope *** was done using characteristics of humic substances(HS)as indicators of SOm turnover in *** analysis was used to further characterize the humic *** soil colour measurem.nts are a tool for soil type classification and soil organic carbon prediction,the relation between HS colour measured by reflection and by transmission was determined in order to establish a relationship between measurem.nt *** analysis and colour provided evidence of a different level of stabilization of HS from both soils,and between the different *** of humic acids was found to be greater in deeper horizons than in the surface *** inverse relationship between HS colour measured by reflection and by transmission was *** soils showed a clear trend in which horizons presenting lower absorbance numbers showed higher figures of hue and value.A more marked accumulation of humified compounds was found in pedons,(the smallest unit or volume of soil that contains all the soil types),in the less steep *** might be explained in terms of the physiographic position affecting infiltration behavior and exposure to runoff.

关键词： Organic matter turnover Colour humic substance(HS)by reflection Colour HS by transmission Humification index mediterranean Quercus species