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A Systematic Review of Biodiversity and Conservation of Indigenous Mushrooms(Basidiomycotina,Ascomycotina)of Central Africa Countryside:Uses,Distribution and Checklists

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Research in Ecology 2022年第2期4卷 56-66页

作者： Ndifon elias Mjaika Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-AlikeFaculty of AgriculturePostal Code P.M.B.1010 AbakalikiEbonyiStateNigeria

Significant socio-economic,spiritual,nutritional and medicinal needs of the countrysides in Central Africa region are obtainable from ***,anthropogenic activities and climate change have led to a reduction in the habitats of mushrooms which has led to some mushrooms becoming endangered.A dearth of information on the ecology,management and composition of mushrooms in Central Africa *** a review was systematically carried out on published mycological research outcomes from Central African countryside,to delineate the way *** was observed that the level of indigenous mycological knowledge was very high(>60%)in all the *** highest number of edible mushrooms was from Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC)(377 species),followed by Cameroon(50 species).The dataset showed that 448 edible mushrooms have been identified based on citable publications and 27 tribes/localities *** the dataset showed 116 author-identified mushrooms that inhabitants did not identify and *** most popular edible mushrooms from 79 key edible mushrooms were Russula(9 spp.),Termitomyces(8),Cantharellus(8),Plerotus(5),Amanita(5),Marasmius,Lactarius and Lactifluus(4 ***).The topmost consumed species were Pleurotus tuber-regium(14 out of 27 localities),Auricularia cornea(13),Cantharellus congolensis(12),Marasmius bekolacongoli(12),Schizophyllum commune(11)and Cantharellus floridulus(11).Mushrooms for mythology uses:(Phallus indusiatus and Dictyophora sp.),Mythology+food:(Termitomyces robustus),Medicinal:(Daldinia concentrica,Ganoderma applanatum and Ganoderma lucidum),Medicinal+food:(Polyporus dictyopus,Schizophyllum commune and Termitomyces clypeatus)and Food+mythology+medicinal:(Termitomyces microcarpus and Termitomyces titanicus).Irrefutably,these previous ethnomycological and ecological studies have scarcely made a significant impact on fungi biodiversity.

关键词： Ethnomycology Macrofungi Non-wood-forest products Species richness Wild mushrooms

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The Impacts of Climate Change on the Availability of Surface Water Resources in Jordan

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第10期8卷 52-72页

作者： elias Salameh Ghaida Abdallat University of Jordan Amman Jordan

Climate change in the Middle East area including Jordan has started to be reflected in decreasing precipitation and increasing temperatures with their impacts on the availability of surface and groundwater. This article aims to evaluate the impacts of decreasing or increasing precipitation by 10% and 20% on the quantities of flood runoff based on recorded precipitation and runoffs of catchments during the past 60 to 70 years of observation, during which the precipitation in individual or a few years increased or decreased by tens of percentages relative to the long-term average precipitation. The results of quantification show that in Jordan as a whole, decreasing precipitation by 10% and 20% has historically (during the recording period) resulted in reductions in flood flows by 26.2% and 52.8% and that increasing precipitation by 10% and 20% has resulted in increases in flood flows by 26.4% and 56.5% respectively. These results look somehow paradox, because the general perception is that flood runoff changes in the same percentage like precipitation although flood flow is not linearly correlated with precipitation but exponentially. Decreasing precipitation in the water-scarce stressed country, Jordan due to climatic changes, will have strong implications on rain-fed and irrigated agriculture and on household water supplies with very severe socio-economic percussions expressed in increasing unemployment and poverty which may lead to social and political unrest. Therefore, proactive measures have to be implemented before disasters hit. Such measures are limited in Jordan to seawater desalination, intensified water harvesting and improved water use efficiency in agriculture.

关键词： Climate Change Impacts Precipitation-Runoff Ratios Surface Water Socio-Economics

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Hallmark of a Resilient City: Adoption of Green Infrastructure in African Cities

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Open Journal of Forestry 2021年第1期11卷 61-72页

作者： elias K. Maranga Department of Natural Resources and Dean Faculty of Environment and Resources Development Egerton University Njoro Nakuru Kenya

Dynamic urbanization of African cities has created development trajectories that face systemic challenges in the provision of sustainable and ecologically resilient urban environments. The specific challenges include extensive unregulated growth with informal settlements reflecting poor service levels and high poverty indices, inadequacy in provision of basic services in health, water, housing, transport and communication infrastructure, high reliance on biomass fuels, exposure to environmental stress and implausible climate change coping and mitigation mechanisms among others. Review of extensive literature and synthesis of existing bodies of knowledge on the ecological and management perspectives of urban environments revealed many gaps and understanding of urban transformation processes. The purpose of this review was to contextualize credible pathways for optimization of both ecosystem goods and services from green urban landscapes (Green infrastructure) and non-green infrastructure to ensure sustainable and ecologically resilient urban environments. Attempts were made to rationalize and validate through discussions the benefits of managed urban ecosystems for African cities. On the basis of the evidence from the literature, it is concluded that urban development trajectories that do not embrace multifaceted approaches that deliberately retain and maintain green infrastructure in the urban environment may not be cost-effective. It is recommended that systematic i

关键词： Resilient Cities Green Infrastructure African Urbanization Ecosystem Goods and Services Environmental Externalities Sustainable Urban Ecosystems Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation

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Interdependence of Software and Progress of Mathematics in OR: Some Illustrative Cases and Challenges

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American Journal of Operations Research 2021年第2期11卷 110-119页

作者： Santosh Kumar elias Munapo Department of Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences School of Sciences RMIT University Melbourne Australia School of Economics and Decision Sciences North West University Mafikeng Campus Mafikeng South Africa

This paper points out that delayed or no supply of software can kill potential benefits associated with new mathematical ideas that have led to development of new mathematics in OR. It also points out that it is a self-created situation by the scientific community. This situation needs attention and should be resolved urgently. Many illustrative examples have been given to justify the claim.

关键词： Linear and Integer Programs Software Development Protean Systems Analysis of Protean Systems

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Performance of QuantiFERON(R)-TB Gold In-Tube assay in children receiving disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第5期13卷 472-478页

作者： Francesca Gabriele Maria Trachana Maria Simitsopoulou Polixeni Pratsidou-Gertsi elias Iosifidiso Zoi Dorothea Pana Emmanuel Roilides Infectious Diseases Unit 3rd Department of PediatricsAristotle UniversityThessalonikiGreece Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology Referral Center 1st Department of PediatricsAristotle UniversityThessalonikiGreece

Background:To evaluate the performance of theQuantiferon(R)-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-IT) interferon (IFN)-7 assay for the detection of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI)in children receiving anti-rheumatic treatment in a tertiary referral hospital of Northern ***:A total of 79 consecutive children receiving anti-rheumatic treatment [of which 18 screened prior to antitumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α treatment] were tested using Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST) and *** of both tests with risk factors for latent tuberculosis and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunization was *** of age,TNF-α inhibitors,systemic corticosteroids,conventional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and total duration of therapy on the QFT-IT mitogen-induced response was ***:Agreement between TST and QFT-IT results was moderate (k=0.38).Frequency of QFT-IT indeterminate results was low (2.5%).In patients with risk factors for LTBI,the odds of a positive IFN-7 assay was increased by a factor of 27.6 (P=0.002),whereas there was no positive *** was a significant difference in the mitogeninduced IFN-7 secretion among various treatments (P=0.038).TNF-α inhibitors were associated with increased mitogen-induced IFN-7 secretion compared to monotherapy with conventional DMARDs (P=0.008).All children screened prior to anti-TNF-a treatment exhibited a negative QFT-IT and no active TB disease was detected during a 2-year ***:QFT-IT may be a more reliable test than TST for detection of LTBI in children with rheumatic diseases receiving anti-rheumatic *** regimen might influence the mitogen-induced IFN-γ secretion and the effect of TNF-α inhibitors might vary according to the specific agent administered.

关键词： anti-tumor necrosis factor-α interferon-γ release assay latent tuberculosis rheumatic disease tuberculin

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Effect of Weather on Grain Quality Traits of Durum Wheat Grown in the Northern Plains of USA

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第12期12卷 1894-1911页

作者： Sara Moayedi elias M. elias Frank A. Manthey Cereal Science Graduate Program Department of Plant Sciences North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA

The objective of this research was to determine the effect of genotype and growing environment, particularly weather, on grain quality traits of durum wheat using nine genotypes (Alkabo, Carpio, Divide, Grenora, Joppa, Maier, Mountrail, Pierce, and Tioga) grown in four years (2012-2015) at six locations in North Dakota, USA. The results of this research indicated that grain test weight, 1000-kernel weight, protein content, kernel vitreousness, and falling number were affected more by environment than by genotype. However, genotypes within an environment differed in the magnitude of their response and this difference could be used to select genotypes in a breeding program to improve quality. For a given quality trait, the magnitude of the response reflects the stability of the trait to changes in the environment. In general, the quality of durum wheat grown in the northern plains of USA was favored by warm daytime temperature, low night temperature, and low relative humidity. Growing locations with high maximum air temperature and a high number of days with temperature ≥ 30°C had a positive effect on grain protein content and falling number, while a high number of days with night time temperature ≤ 13°C were ideal for 1000-kernel weight. Low rainfall and low relative humidity promoted a high falling number and vitreous kernel content. The results of this study suggested that genotypes could be selected based on their overall quality and their stability across environments. Trait stability could be an important consideration when growers select genotypes for planting in their fields.

关键词： Durum Wheat Weather Grain Quality

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End-Cretaceous Quartz Arenite Formation in an Estuarian Environment under Brine Influence, N. Germany;Linked to both Deccan Volcanism and Chicxulub Impact Degassing during Climate Change

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Open Journal of Geology 2020年第11期10卷 1091-1118页

作者： Werner Schneider elias Salameh Formerly Braunschweig Technical University Braunschweig Germany University of Jordan Amman Jordan

Maastrichtian off-shore carbonate sediments and transitional estuarian quartz arenite (primarily subarkosic/arkosic) deposited in N Germany, underwent indirect effects by end-Cretaceous plume volcanism (Caribbean Arc/Antilles, Amirante Arc/Seychelles, Deccan Traps) and by the Chicxulub impact during climate change. In addition, brines of local salt structures had increasing influence on pore water chemistry of siliciclastics deposited in rim synclines and sub-rosion bowls during the transition from salt pillow state (Upper Campanian/Maastrichtian) to diapirism since the KPgB (66.043 Ma) until end-Paleocene. As main drivers degassing (CO2, SO2 et al.), temperature rise, acid rain/metal toxicity of both volcanic and impact origin caused kill effects by acidification (pH-drop) of sea water resp. dissolution processes on land initiated by complex acid mixtures onto both marine and continental sediments;all in all, leaving a remarkable reduction of the clastics’ primary mineral content, accompanied by kaolinite in-situ neoformation (quartz, kaolinite). Furthermore, driving effects even controlled lithofacies and sequence-analytical patterns (LST, TST, HST). Around the Lower/Upper Maastrichtian B. (MFS) radiolarian ooze was deposited across flat estuarian mouth channels during an ingression (tsunami), originally as soft pebbles, then diagenetically slightly consolidated. Surprisingly, the radiolarian skeletons normally composed of opal or celestite, were identified as β-quartz and elementary silicon. The latter hitherto unknown in nature, demands extreme reducing conditions (in Industries: by elementary A1, Mg, C) in pore water as possibly given by brines (see Atlantis II-Deep, Red Sea). The top portions of the uppermost Maastrichtian deposits of N Germany were eroded by the KPgB-convulsive events. However, recent publications (i.e. from Seymour Isla

关键词： Indirect Effects Diagenesis

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Design of a Three-Phase Grid Connector System Using Power Transfer from Park’s Transformation

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2024年第5期15卷 123-138页

作者： Birtukan Yenealem elias Mamushet Department of Metallic Minerals Research and Development Minerals Industry Development Institute Ministry of Mines Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Mineral Processing Engineering Addis Ababa Institute of Technology Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Instabilities in grid-connected inverters can arise from a number of sources, including mismatched parameters, grid impedance, faults, and feedback delays. Park’s transformation provides accurate control over reactive and active (real) power. This enhances the overall efficiency of the system by enabling operators to control reactive power compensation and optimize energy flow. In dynamic settings, this guarantees greater system stability and faster response times. The current paper aims to improve the grid system by utilizing the dq0 controller. The current work focuses on the analysis based on simulations and theory, where the state space equation serves as the basis for dq-axis current decoupling. A MATLAB platform was used to simulate the complete system. TDH values of 2.45%, or less than 5%, in the given results are acceptable. The suggested controller was hence appropriate for grid system applications.

关键词： Grid System Inverter Optimization Energy Three Phase

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Formation Mechanisms of Some Features in Siliceous Upper Cretaceous-Lower Tertiary Beds of Jordan-Undulations, Geodes, Boudinages

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第4期14卷 569-577页

作者： elias Salameh Hani Khoury Department of Geology University of Jordan Amman Jordan

Geode, boudinage, and undulation structures are widely distributed in the siliceous beds of the Upper Cretaceous/Tertiary rocks in Jordan. Their formation was attributed to tectonic forces, syngenetic processes, organic disintegration processes, subaquatic gliding, compaction and settlement, and meteoritic impacts. In this work, the structural features in the siliceous beds of Jordan are attributed to an interplay of load and directed pressures, and mineralogical transformation processes (opal-A to opal-CT to quartz), governed by pH changes. Tectonic directed pressure was acting in an ESE-WSW direction and is common in the silicified limestone of Upper Cretaceous.

关键词： Undulations Geodes Boudinages Opal-A Porcelanite Chert Transformations pH Changes Stress Fields Jordan

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Effects on Sedimentary Processes via Upper Triassic Climate Forcing Caused by Multiple Impacting and Large Igneous Provinces (LIP)-Rifting/Degassing: Jordanian Platform/Arabian Plate and Germanic Basin/Central Europe

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Open Journal of Geology 2023年第2期13卷 136-170页

作者： Werner Schneider elias Salameh Formerly Braunschweig Technical University Braunschweig Germany University of Jordan Amman Jordan

Upper Triassic sedimentary systems of both the Arabian Plate and the Germanic Basin reveal climate- and plate tectonic-forced effects through certain time-intervals experienced by architectural elements, lithofacies types, unconformities, flash flood deposits, maximum flooding surfaces/sequence boundary (MFS/SB), mineralogy, and isotope anomalies. Further, Moon recession and changes of Earth’s rotation velocity (core/mantle boundary) are associated with multiple impacting and large igneous provinces/Mid Oceanic Ridge Basalt, LIP/MORB-rifting/degassing. While acidification (by degassing, sturz-rain) does influence tectosilicates and carbonates, montmorillonite represents a key mineral as transformation of volcanic/impact glass (Tephra) to be found as co-components in and in certain pelite units as “boundary clay-suspicions” (mixture of eolian paleoloess, pelite, paleosol, and tephra → tuffite). Obviously, unconformities and sequence boundaries of both study areas separate and dislocate interrupted ∂13C and 87Sr/86Sr-data groups along the isotope curves. Both Proto-Arctic Ocean rifting/degassing comprising kimberlitic pyroclastic eruptions and Neotethys rifting/degassing as well as multiple impacting played the most important role during the Norian, followed by the incipient Central Atlantic Magmatic Provinces rifting since the Rhaetian. The following associations are encountered and dealt with in this study: Sequence boundaries-∂13C, maximum flooding surfaces-(FUCs)-∂13C, unconformities-plate motion, tephra-pelite-tuffite-montmorillonite. Norian: maximum flooding surfaces (MFSs)-“paleosol”/boundary clay?-rifting-volcanism, Moon/Earth data change. So the Norian (~221 - 206 Ma) hosts anomalous “amalgamated maximum flooding surfaces (MFSs)”, amalgamated paleosol (Jordanian Platform), multiple impacting (~219 - 214 Ma), the maximum opening of the Proto-Arctic Ocean (PAO) (~230 - 200 Ma), Neo-Tethys (NT)-subvolcanic (

关键词： Endogenic and Impact Drivers Sedimentary Effects Interplay Processing Event-Stratigraphy

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