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Hydro-Ethanol Extract of Persea americana Fruit Pulp Ameliorates Dyslipidaemia and Cardiotoxicity Exerted by Alloxan-Induced Diabetes Mellitus

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第12期10卷 201-216页

作者： Bernard Omokheshi Adele Chidi Okonkwo Anthony Olusoji Odetola Idara Emmanuel Emediong Abayomi Oluwatosin Ige elsie olufunke adewoye Applied and Environmental Physiology Unit Department of Physiology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Physiology College of Health Sciences Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria

Diabetes-induced dyslipidaemia has been associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart diseases. Persea americana fruit has been reported to possess anti-diabetic properties. Therefore, this study assessed the lipid profile and likely cardio-protective effects of hydroethanolic extracts of P. americana fruits in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Thirty-five male rats (150 ± 30 g) were divided into 5 groups (n = 7) and treated orally as follows;groups I-II were normal animals treated with distilled water (0.3 ml/day) and P. americana (300 mg/kg) only respectively. Animals in groups III-V were made diabetic using alloxan monohydrate (100 mg/kg i.p.) and treated orally with distilled water (0.3 ml/day), P. americana (300 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) respectively for 21 days. Fasting blood glucose level was monitored prior to, after induction of diabetes mellitus, and on day 21 post-treatment, respectively. Thereafter, retro-orbital blood samples were collected after anaesthesia and analysed for insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, apolipoproteins A1 and B, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities, reduced glutathione (GSH), Vitamin C and malondialdehyde levels, respectively. VLDL, atherogenic index (AI) and ApoB/A1 ratio were estimated mathematically. Pancreatic and cardiac structures were also investigated using Haematoxylin and Eosin stains. Treatment with P. ameriacana extracts reduced (p P. americana treated diabetic group. The hydro-ethanol fruit extract of Persea americana attenuates diabetes induced dyslipidaemia and reduces the susceptibility to cardiac impairment in experimental diabetes mellitus.

关键词： Persea americana Diabetes Mellitus Dyslipidaemia and Alloxan

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Genistein Mitigates the Gastro-Toxic Effects of Bisphenol A in Male Wistar Rats

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第9期10卷 60-78页

作者： Abayomi Oluwatosin Ige Olayinka Oyinkansola Adebayo Bernard Omokheshi Adele Anthony Olusoji Odetola Idara Emmanuel Emediong elsie olufunke adewoye Applied and Environmental Physiology Unit Department of Physiology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Physiology College of Health Sciences Nnamdi Azikwe University Akwa Nigeria

Exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) worldwide is on the increase. Its toxicities in various tissues expressing estrogen receptors have been reported. However, limited information exists on its effects on the gastric tissue. This study therefore investigated the gastric effects of BPA exposure and the likely ameliorative potential of genistein, a phytoestrogen antioxidant, known to interact with estrogen receptors. Eighty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 14) and orally treated for 28 days. Group I-IV received distilled water (0.2 ml), corn oil (3 ml/kg), BPA (50 mg/kg) and genistein (50 mg/kg) respectively. Group V was pre-treated daily with BPA one hour prior to genistein administration while Group VI was pre-treated daily with genistein one hour prior to BPA treatment. Thereafter, blood was collected into heparinized bottles for hematological analysis. Gastric juice was collected for pH and electrolytes determination. Gastric tissue was excised and analyzed for superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde, nitric oxide (NO), mucin, parietal and mucous cell counts, and histology. The BPA only treatment group exhibited significant increases (p < 0.05) in white blood cell count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, mucin concentration, NO, and malondialdehyde while gastric juice pH, bicarbonate, SOD, and GSH levels were reduced compared to control. The gastric mucosa also showed pathologies consistent with inflammation. Genistein pre-and post-treatment in BPA exposed rats significantly (p < 0.05) ameliorated these effects of BPA. However, some signs of gastric inflammation were still evident in the mucosal samples. Bisphenol A induces gastro-toxicity by increasing gastric acidity, reducing gastric juice bicarbonate level and disrupting prooxidant/antioxidant balance. Genistein pre- and post-treatment ameliorated these gastro-toxic effects of Bisphenol A via gastroprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

关键词： Bisphenol A Genistein Stomach Gastro-Protection Gastric Impairment

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完璧归赵

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英语角 2024年第21期 28-33页

作者： elsie 张霞(画) 不详

……相如视秦王无意偿赵城,乃前日:“璧有瑕,请指示王。”王授璧,相如因持璧却立,倚柱,怒发上冲冠,谓秦王曰:“大王欲得璧,使人发书至赵王,赵王悉召群臣议,皆日秦贪,负其强,以空言求璧,偿城恐不可得”。议不欲予秦璧。臣以为布衣之交尚... 详细信息

……相如视秦王无意偿赵城,乃前日:“璧有瑕,请指示王。”王授璧,相如因持璧却立,倚柱,怒发上冲冠,谓秦王曰:“大王欲得璧,使人发书至赵王,赵王悉召群臣议,皆日秦贪,负其强,以空言求璧,偿城恐不可得”。议不欲予秦璧。臣以为布衣之交尚不相欺,况大国乎!且以一璧之故逆强秦之,不可。于是赵王乃斋戒五日,使臣奉璧,拜送书于庭。何者?

关键词：赵城赵王斋戒

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