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Atypical antipsychotics, more than just an antipsychotic

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Neural regeneration research 2020年第8期15卷 1477-1478页

作者： Hiram Tendilla-Beltrán Gonzalo flores Laboratorio de Fisiología de la Conducta Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCDMXMexico Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría Instituto de FisiologíaBenemérita Universidad Autónoma de PueblaPueblaMexico

Antipsychotics are the prescribed drugs for *** first substance used for antipsychotic purposes appeared in 1952 and it was a general anesthetic:*** use of this drug was mainly because of its effects on violent behavior instead of sedation in patients,which“controls”the psychotic episodes and prevents psychosis *** then,pharmaceutical antipsychotics have been developed,producing second-generation or atypical *** drugs arose with the synthesis of clozapine in the late‘50s,which represented(and still represent)the“guide molecule”for the development of these substances,because of its effectiveness on the symptomatology of the disease.

关键词： prescribed synthesis drugs

Molecular and epidemiologic characterization of Wilms tumor from Baghdad, Iraq

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第6期14卷 585-593页

作者： Hannah M.Phelps Mazin F.Al-Jadiry Natasha M.Corbitt Janene M.Pierce Bingshan Li Qiang Wei raina r.flores Hernan Correa Stefania Uccini Haydar Frangoul Adel r.Alsaadawi Safaa A.F.Al-Badri Amir F.Al-Darraji raghad M.Al-Saeed Salma A.Al-Hadad Harold N.LovvornⅢ Vanderbilt University School of Medicine 2215 Garland AvenueNashvilleTN 37232-9780USA Oncology Unit Children’s Welfare Teaching HospitalBaghdad University Medical CityBaghdadIraq Department of P ediatric Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleUSA Department of Molecular Physiology and Bioph ysics Vanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleUSA Division of P ediatric Pathology Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleUSA Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine Sapienza UniversityRomeItaly Division of P ediatric Hematology and Oncology Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleUSA Department of P athology Baghdad University Medical CityBaghdadIraq Oncology Unit Children’s Welfare Teaching HospitalWasit University College of MedicineWasitIraq

Background Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common childhood kidney cancer worldwide, yet its incidence and clinical behavior vary according to race and access to adequate healthcare resources. To guide and streamline therapy in the war-torn and resource-constrained city of Baghdad, Iraq, we conducted a first-ever molecular analysis of 20 WT specimens to characterize the biological features of this lethal disease within this challenged population. Methods Next-generation sequencing of ten target genes associated with WT development and treatment resistance (WT1, CTNNB1, WTX, IGF2, CITED1, SIX2, p53, N-MYC, CrABP2, and TOP2A) was completed. Immunohistochemistry was performed for 6 marker proteins of WT (WT1, CTNNB1, NCAM, CITED1, SIX2, and p53). Patient outcomes were compiled. results Mutations were detected in previously described WT 'hot spots' (e.g., WT1 and CTNNB1) as well as novel loci that may be unique to the Iraqi population. Immunohistochemistry showed expression domains most typical of blastemal-predominant WT. remarkably, despite the challenges facing families and care providers, only one child, with combined WT1 and CTNNB1 mutations, was confirmed dead from disease. Median clinical follow-up was 40.5 months (range 6–78 months). Conclusions These data suggest that WT biology within a population of Iraqi children manifests features both similar to and unique from disease variants in other regions of the world. These observations will help to risk stratify WT patients living in this difficult environment to more or less intensive therapies and to focus treatment on cell-specific targets.

关键词： Iraq Low- and middle-income countries Next-generation sequencing Pediatric cancer Wilms tumor

Learning to combine multiple string similarity metrics for effective toponym matching

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第9期11卷 913-938页

作者： rui Santos Patricia Murrieta-flores Bruno Martins Instituto Superior Técnico and INESC-ID University of LisbonLisbonPortugal Digital Humanities research Center University of ChesterChesterUK

Several tasks related to geographical information retrieval and to the geographical information sciences involve toponym matching,that is,the problem of matching place names that share a common *** this article,we present the results of a wide-ranging evaluation on the performance of different string similarity metrics over the toponym matching *** also report on experiments involving the usage of supervised machine learning for combining multiple similarity metrics,which has the natural advantage of avoiding the manual tuning of similarity *** with a very large dataset show that the performance differences for the individual similarity metrics are relatively small,and that carefully tuning the similarity threshold is important for achieving good *** methods based on supervised machine learning,particularly when considering ensembles of decision trees,can achieve good results on this task,significantly outperforming the individual similarity metrics.

关键词： Toponym matching supervised learning string similarity metrics duplicate detection ensemble learning geographic information retrieval

Can coffee help fighting the drug problem? Preliminary results of a Brazilian youth drug study

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2000年第12期 4-15页

作者： Gladis B flores,Fernanda ANDrADE,Darcy r LIMA research Coordinator Brazilian Youth Drug Study (BYDS) research Assistant BYDS General Coordinator BYDS Professor of Clinical Pharmacology at Neurology Institute Federal University of rio de Janeiro Brazil & Associate Director for Medicinal Plants Studies Institute for Coffee Studies Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA

INTrODUCTION At different times and at different places many plants have been domesticated, and the development of agriculture was an intensification by man of his food extractive process. Simultaneous to the agricultural development, the selection of psychotropic plants has always been one of the most tempting and determined activities of mankind in its history. Behaviorally active drugs have captured and control human behaviour in susceptible individuals. Nowadays the most consumed plants worldwide are legal ones such as coffee and tobacco and illegal ones such as cocaine, opium and cannabis. And little is known about

关键词： coffee caffeine chlorogenic acid al-cohol drinking depression drugs opioid receptors lim-bic system

Non-Darcy Flow in Molding Sands

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Occurrence,leaching,and mobility of major and trace elements in a coal mining waste dump:The case of Douro Coalfield,Portugal

Open Journal of Applied Sciences（应用科学） 2024年第4期 976页

作者： Miguel A.Barron-Meza Joan reyes-Miranda Daniel flores-Sanchez

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Energy Geoscience 2021年第2期2卷 121-128页

作者： J.ribeiro D.flores Department of Earth Sciences University of CoimbraRua Silvio Lima3030-790CoimbraPortugal Institute of Earth Sciences-Porto Pole Rua Do Campo Alegre 6874169-007PortoPortugal Environment and Spatial Planning Department of GeosciencesUniversity of PortoRua Do Campo Alegre 6874169-007PortoPortugal

The coal mining residues from past mining activities in the Douro Coalfield are emplaced in many dumps near the mining areas,causing substantial environmental *** study aims to contribute to the investigation of environmental impacts caused by the disposal of the residue in the Douro Coalfield through the determination of the geochemical composition of waste materials collected at 3 e 15 m depth,and of the water-leachable fraction produced by percolation in these materials inside the *** elements with higher concentration in the leachates are Ca,Cd,Co,Mg,Mn,Na,Ni,S,and Zn,indicating that they are the most easily leached and accessible elements for percolation and mobilization into the *** presence of these elements in the leachates is principally attributed to their occurrence as water-soluble ions in clays and sulphides affected by natural weathering conditions,which promotes their breakdown and occurrence as exchangeable *** leachates are classified as acid *** weathering and leaching in the Sao Pedro da Cova waste dump are the principal~paths for chemical elements to be percolated and mobilized to environment,posing risk to the soils,waters and ecosystems in the surrounding areas.

关键词： Coal mining Waste dump Water-soluble compound Hazardous element

An Invasive Succulent Plant (Kalanchoe daigremontiana) Influences Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Mineralization in a Neotropical Semiarid Zone

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Pedosphere 2018年第4期28卷 632-643页

作者： Ileana HErrErA Jose r. FErrEr-PArIS Diana BENZO Saul flores Belkis GArCIA Jafet M. NASSAr Ecuela de Ciencias Ambientales Universidad Espiritu Santo Guayaquil 091650 (Ecuador) Centro de Ecologla Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas (IVIC) Caracas 1020 (Venezuela) Centro de Estudios Botdnieos y Agroforestales Instituto Venezolano de Investigaeiones Cientificas Maracaibo 4005 (Venezuela)

It has long been recognized that plant invasions may alter carbon （C） and nitrogen （N） cycles, but the direction and magnitude of such alterations have been rarely quantified. In this study, we quantified the effects caused by the invasion of a noxious exotic plant, Kalanchoe daigrernontiana （Crassulaceae）, on C and N mineralization and enzymatic and microbial activities in the soil of a semiarid locality in Venezuela. We compared soil parameters associated with these processes （C and N mineralization time and the cumulative values, fluorescein diacetate hydrolytic activity, and activities of dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, glucosaminidase, and urease） between invaded and adjacent non-invaded sites. In addition, correlations among these parameters and the soil physical-chemical properties were also examined to determine if a positive feedback exists between nutrient availability and K. daigremontiana invasion. Overall, our results showed that C mineralization and transformation of organic compounds to NH4^＋ were favored at sites colonized by K. daigrernontiana. With this species, we found the highest cumulative amounts of NH4^＋-N and C and the lowest mineralization time. These results could be explained by higher activities of urease and glueosaminidase in soils under the influence of K. daigremontiana. In addition, higher amounts of organic matter and moisture content in invaded soils might favor C and N mineralization. In conclusion, invasion of Neotropical semiarid zones by K. daigrernontiana may influence the chemical and biological properties of the soils covered by this species, increasing nutrient bioavailability, which, in time, can facilitate the invasion process.

关键词： Akaike Information Criterion C and N pools enzymatic activity NH4^+-N NO3^--N nutrient availability plant invasion

Spatiotemporal patterns of burned areas,fire drivers,and fire probability across the equatorial Andes

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第4期18卷 952-972页

作者： Xavier ZAPATA-riOS Carmen LOPEZ-FABArA Abigail NAVArrETE Sandra TOrrES-PAGUAY Miguel flores Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Escuela Politecnica NacionalLadron de Guevara E11-253P.O.Box 17-01-2759QuitoEcuador Center for research and Water resources Studies(CIErHI) Escuela Politecnica NacionalLadron de Guevara E11-253P.O.Box 17-01-2759QuitoEcuador Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Universidad Central del EcuadorAv.UniversitariaP.O.Box 17-03-100QuitoEcuador Modeling Optimization and Inferential Statistics Group(MODES)Department of MathematicsEscuela Politecnica NacionalLadron de Guevara Ell-253P.O.Box 17-01-2759QuitoEcuador

Field-based fire studies in the equatorial Andes indicate that fires are strongly associated with biophysical and anthropogenic ***,fire controls and fire regimes at the regional scale remain ***,this paper describes spatial and temporal burned-area patterns,identifies biophysical and anthropogenic fire drivers,and quantifies fire probability across 6°of latitude and 3°of longitude in the equatorial *** spatial and temporal burned-area analysis was carried out based on 18 years(2001-2018)of the MCD64 A1 MODIS burned-area ***,topography,vegetation,and anthropogenic variables were integrated in a logistic regression model to identify the significance of explanatory variables and determine fire occurrence probability.A total of 5779 fire events were registered during the 18 years of this study,located primarily along the western cordillera of the Andes and spreading from North to ***-eight percent of these fires took place within two fire hotspots located in the northwestern and southwestern corners of the study ***-nine percent occurred during the second part of the year,between June and *** largest density of fires was primarily located on herbaceous vegetation and *** show that mean monthly temperature,precipitation and NDVI during the prefire season,the location of land cover classes such as forest and agriculture,distance to roads and urban areas,slope,and aspect were the most important determinants of spatial and temporal fire *** logistic regression model achieved a good accuracy in predicting fire probability(80%).Probability was higher in the southwestern and northern corners of the study area,and lower towards the north in the western and eastern piedmonts of the *** analysis contributes to the understanding of fires in mountains within the *** results here presented have the potential to contribute to fire management and control in the regi

关键词： MODIS MCD64A1 Spectral vegetation indices Pre-fire season NDVI and precipitation remote sensing

Petiveria alliacea Suppresses Airway Inflammation and Allergen-Specific Th2 responses in Ovalbumin-Sensitized Murine Model of Asthma

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第12期24卷 912-919页

作者： rosa Martha Perez Gutierrez Jose Maria Mota flores Natural Products research Laboratory Higher School of Chemical Engineering and Extractive IndustriesInstituto Politecnico Nacional (IPN) Professional Unit Adolfo Lopez Mateos Av. Instituto Politécnico NacionalS/N

Objective： To examine the effect of metanol extract of Petiveria alliacea （PM） on airway inflammation in a murine model of chronic asthma. Methods： Two-month-old male BALB/c mice （n=6-8/group） were sensitized on days 0 and 14 by intraperitoneal injection of 20μg ovalbumin （OVA）. On day 25, the mice received an airway challenge with OVA （3%, w/v, in phosphate buffered saline）. PM was administered orally by oral gavage to mice at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight once daily from days 18 to 23. Control mice were orally administered phosphate buffered saline （PBS） to induce a model of asthma. At the end of the test, respiratory reactivity was assayed, the total cell number, interleukin-4 （IL-4）, IL-5, IL-13, tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-α） and reactive oxygen species （rOS） in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） were determined and the levels of serum IgE, intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 （ICAM-1） and eotoxin were measured. In addition, lung tissue was used to qualify the IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, TNF-α and transforming growth factor beta 1 （TGF-β1）. Histologic examination was performed to observe inflammatory cellular infiltration. results： The administration of PM in comparison with the OVA-only treated group significantly attenuated the infiltration of eosinophUs and other inflammatory cells （P〈0.01）. Airway resistance （rI） in the OVA-only induced group was significantly higher than that of the PBS control group （P〈0.01） when methacholine was added. TNF-α, IgE, TGF-β1 and cytokine levels IL-4, IL-5, IL-β in the BALF decreased compared to control mice （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. PM treatment also inhibited the production of chemokines, eotaxin and ICAM-1 in BALF （P〈0.01）, which improved lung function. Histopathological examination revealed that the sensitized treated PM groups had significant lower in inflammatory scores similar to dexamethasone treatments and the untreated group. Conclusion： Administration of PM could inhibit airway inflammation, regulate cyt

关键词： Petiveria alliacea allergy antiinflammation asthma