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Toxin variation among salamander populations:discussing potential causes and future directions

Integrative Zoology 2021年第3期16卷 336-353页

作者： Gilles DE MEESTER EminaŠUNJE els prinsen Erik VERBRUGGEN Raoul VANDAMME Department of Biology Functional Morphology GroupUniversity of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium Department of Biology Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of SarajevoSarajevoBosnia-Hercegovina Herpetological Association in Bosnia and Herzegovina:BHHU:ATRA SarajevoBosnia-Hercegovina Department of Biology ImpressUniversity of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium Department of Biology Plant and EcosystemsUniversity of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium

Amphibians produce defensive chemicals which provide protection against both predators and *** species,populations can differ considerably in the composition and amount of these chemical *** intraspecific variation in toxins and linking it to environmental variables may help us to identify the selective drivers of toxin evolution,such as predation pressure and infection ***,there has been a renewed interest in the unique toxins produced by salamanders from the genus Salamandra:the *** this attention,intraspecific variation has largely been ignored within *** aim of this study was to investigate whether geographic variation in profiles of samandarines exists,by sampling 4 populations of Salamandra atra over its range in the Dinaric *** addition,we preliminary explored whether potential variation could be explained by predation(counting the number of snake species)and infection risk(cultivation and genomic analyses of collected soil samples).Salamanders from the 4 populations differed in toxin composition and in the size of their poison glands,although not in overall toxin *** predation nor infection risk could explain this variation,as populations barely differed in these *** over a much broader geographic range,using better estimators for predation and infection risk,will contribute to an improved understanding of how environment may shape variation in chemical ***,as the 4 populations of *** did differ in their toxin profiles,we propose that this species provides an interesting opportunity for further ecological and evolutionary studies on amphibian toxins.

关键词： amphibian toxins geographic variation poison glands Salamandra atra samandarines

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The Arabidopsis thaliana RNA Editing FactorSLO2, which Affects the Mitochondrial ElectronTransport Chain, Participates in Multiple Stressand Hormone Resoonses

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Molecular Plant 2014年第2期7卷 290-310页

作者： Qiang Zhu Jasper Dugardeyn Chunyi Zhang Per Mühlenbock Peter J. Eastmond Roland Valcke Barbara De Coninck Sevgi Öden Michael Karampelias Bruno P.A. Cammue els prinsen Dominique Van Der Straeten Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology Department of Physiology Ghent University K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 B-9000 Ghent Belgium Present address: Milieudienst Midden West-Vlaanderen Peter Benoitstraat 13 8800 Roeselare Belgium Present address: Biotechnology Research Ins. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 12 ZhongGuanCun NanDajie Haidian District Beijing 100081 PR China Present address: Department of Plant Protection Biology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Sundsvägen 14 Sweden Department of Plant Biology and Crop Science Rothamsted Research Harpenden AL5 2JQ UK Molecular and Physical Plant Physiology Faculty of Sciences Hasselt University Bldg. D Agoralaan B-3590 Diepenbeek Limburg Belgium Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG) Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 B-3001 Heverlee Belgium Department of Biology University of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 B-2020 Antwerpen Belgium Present address: Department of Plant Systems Biology VIB Ghent University 9052 Gent Belgium

Recently, we reported that the novel mitochondrial RNA editing factor SLO2 is essential for mitochondrialelectron transport, and vital for plant growth through regulation of carbon and energy metabolism. Here, we show thatmutation in SL02 causes hypersensitivity to ABA and insensitivity to ethylene, suggesting a link with stress ***, slo2 mutants are hypersensitive to salt and osmotic stress during the germination stage, while adult plantsshow increased drought and salt tolerance. Moreover, slo2 mutants are more susceptible to Botrytis cinerea *** increased expression of nuclear-encoded stress-responsive genes, as well as mitochondrial-encoded NAD genes ofcomplex I and genes of the alternative respiratory pathway, was observed in slo2 mutants, further enhanced by ABAtreatment. In addition, H202 accumulation and altered amino acid levels were recorded in slo2 mutants. We conclude thatSLO2 is required for plant sensitivity to ABA, ethylene, biotic, and abiotic stress. Although two stress-related RNA editingfactors were reported very recently, this study demonstrates a unique role of SLO2, and further supports a link betweenmitochondrial RNA editing events and stress response.

关键词： ABA Arabidopsis thaliana ethylene plant stress mitochondria RNA editing PPR protein SLO2 stress

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