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Effects of Supplementation with Increasing Levels of Energy Concentrate on the Productive Response and Ruminal Digestion of Dairy Cows Grazing Lucerne Pasture

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第11期9卷 1487-1505页

作者： eloy Eduardo Salado Gustavo Bretschneider Alejandra Cuatrin Gerardo Antonio Gagliostro Area de Investigación en Producción Animal Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Rafaela Argentina Agencia de Extensión Rural Necochea Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Necochea Argentin Area de Investigación en Producción Animal Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Balcarce Argentina

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of three levels of energy concentrate intake on dry matter (DM) and energy intake, milk yield and composition, rumen environment and pasture neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestion. Twelve Holstein multiparous cows in early lactation (69.0 ± 5 days postpartum) producing 32.8 (±4.0) kg milk were assigned to three treatments at (kg/cow day) 3.5 (T3.5), 7.0 (T7.0) and 10.5 (T10.5) kg concentrate in a 3 × 3 Latin Square design. Parameters of ruminal environment and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestion were obtained using 3 additional rumen cannulated cows. Concentrate was composed (as fed) by corn grain (68%), soybean meal (22%), wheat bran (8%) and a vitamin-mineral premix including monensin and thoroughly consumed. Yields (kg/cow day-1) of milk, 4% fat corrected milk (4% FCM 4%) and energy corrected milk (ECM) resulted higher (p p -1 without effects on yield of milk fat. Concentrations (g/100 g) of milk fat (3.19), protein (2.97), total solids (11.75), non-fat solids (8.60) and casein (2.40) did not differ. Milk lactose content (g/100 g) was linearly increased (p p p p p < 0.05) in T3.5 due to the increase in acetate and butyrate while the acetate: Propionate ratio remained unchanged. Pasture NDF digestion was affected as concentrate intake increased. To increase milk protein yield and reduce concentrations of N-NH3 in rumen and milk, feeding an energy concentrate at 41% of total DM intake resulted an effective tool.

关键词： Dairy Cows Concentrate Milk Yield Ruminal Digestion

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Validation of a Marker Model for Gait Analysis with Wearable Exoskeletons

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2015年第7期5卷 407-410页

作者： Maria Gomez Cristina Lopez de Subijana eloy Urendes Enrique Navarro Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Technical University of Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain Bioengineering Group of the Spanish National Research Council Madrid 28500 Spain

The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a new marker model for optoelectronic systems adapted to wearable devices, in order to have an analysis tool for kinematic gait evaluation of reproduced patterns by exoskeletons. The marker model has a total of 36 retro-reflective markers attached bilaterally to anatomical landmarks during the static measures （without exoskeleton） and 28 markers at the dynamics measures （with exoskeleton）. The main difference between others kinematic models and the described adapted model was the placement of the three markers in the back thigh and the other three in the back calf, what allowed removing the hip, thigh, knee, tibia and ankle markers. The proposed adapted marker model could be an effective tool to validate the joint movement and velocities of those wearable exoskeletons that at present have been developing.

关键词： Optoelectronic system adapted model gait analysis

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Corn Production for Silage Subjected to Potassium Fertilization and Water Depths

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第4期7卷 671-676页

作者： Edvaldo eloy Dantas Junior Lucia Helena Garófalo Chaves Josely Dantas Fernandes Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil State University of Paraíba Campina Grande Brazil

This study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the effect of water depths and potassium fertilizer levels on corn yield for silage. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a split-plot with six water depths based on crop potential evapotranspiration (ETcp) in levels: 0.25;0.50;0.75;1.00;1.25 and 1.50 ETcp, and six amounts of potassium, 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg·ha-1, in four replicates. The irrigation system was dripped. Before sowing was applied to the soil to nitrogen (N) and phosphate (P) fertilizers, corn was sown ten days after the fertilization using seeds from hybrid AG 1051. Manual harvesting of ears occurred 67 days after sowing. Production variables observed were fresh matter of plant with (FPMwiths) and without (FPMwithouts) the ears. The fresh matter of plant with and without the ears was influenced significantly by factors analyzed, the 1% level of probability by F test. The water depths in irrigation that maximized the physiological parameters of plants as FPMwiths and FPMwithouts were, respectively, 690 mm and 766.7 mm. The quantitative potassium to maximize physiological parameters of FMP with ears and FMP without ears was, respectively, 104.75 kg ha-1 and 52.1 kg ha-1.

关键词： Zea mays L. Irrigation Silage Plants

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Productive Response of Dairy Cows Fed with Different Levels of Totally Mixed Ration and Pasture

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第7期9卷 824-851页

作者： eloy Eduardo Salado Gustavo Bretschneider Alejandra Cuatrin Adriana María Descalzo Gerardo Antonio Gagliostro Area de Investigación en Producción Animal Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Rafaela Argentina Agencia de Extensión Rural Necochea Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Necochea Argentina Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos(ITA) Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Castelar Argentina

Forty multiparous Holstein cows in early lactation (66 ± 19 days) were assigned to one of four treatments that consisted in different ratios of total mixed rations (TMR) and pasture at 100% TMR (T0), 75:25 (T1) 50:50 (T2) and 25:75 (T3) over 9 weeks in autumn-winter. Measures of rumen parameters and digestion were performed on 4 additional Holstein cows in late lactation (287 days postpartum) fitted with permanent ruminal fistulae and producing 22.6 (±5.4) kg milk in a 4 × 4 Latin Square design. In T1 to T3 cows were taken to the grazing plot once they finished the pre-planned TMR intake and pasture was offered at 2 times the expected forage DM intake. Milk was analyzed for chemical composition, milk fatty acid (FA) profile and antioxidant compounds. The cows were individually weighed and body condition score (BCS) was determined. After the morning milking, blood samples were taken every 2 weeks and plasma was analyzed for glucose, urea, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), insulin, growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I). Herbage mass in pre grazing strips of pasture averaged 2540 ± 343 kg DM/ha. As TMR intake increased, production variables increased linearly excepting milk fat (3.88 g/100g) and milk protein (3.43 g/100g) contents that were not affected. Milk yield (kg/cow/d) resulted maximal in T0 (34.2) and linearly decreased (p 3-N concentration resulted higher in treatments with higher proportion of pasture. Kinetic parameters of DM and NDF digestion from pasture or corn silage were not affected. Milk FA profile and milk antioxidant quality showed unfavorably changes as TMR increased by a decrease in rumenic and linolenic acids and content of antioxidant vitamins, without effect on the atherogenicity index. Results suggested a depressing effect of the pasture on total DM and energy intake probably explained by qualitative deficiencies chemical composition of the forage and/or factors that affect animal behavior that may induce losses in body c

关键词： Dairy Cow Milk Production Partial Mixed Rations

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Milk Yield and Composition and Pasture Ruminal Digestion in Grazing Dairy Cows Receiving Three Levels of Energy Concentrate Supplementation

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第10期8卷 1135-1156页

作者： eloy Eduardo Salado Gustavo Bretschneider Alejandra Cuatrin Adriana María Descalzo Gerardo Antonio Gagliostro Area de Investigación en Producción Animal Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Rafaela Argentina Agencia de Extensión Rural Necochea Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Necochea Argentina LABINTEX-EUROPA-INTAPersyst UMR QUALISUD-Batiment 16-Bureau 340 Montpellier France Area de Investigación en Producción Animal Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Balcarce Argentina

The objective of the experiment was to determine the effect of feeding three levels (T3.5, T7.0 and T10.5) of energy concentrate (3.5, 7.0 and 10.5 kg cow-1 day-1) on total dry matter (DM) and energy intakes, milk yield and composition, nutritional value of milk and rumen pasture neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestion in grazing dairy cows. Twenty-one multiparous Holstein cows in early lactation (70.2 ± 13 days postpartum) producing 37.1 (±4.7) kg of milk were assigned to a 3 treatments (7 cows/treatment) × 3 periods Latin square design. Parameters of ruminal environment and pasture NDF degradation were obtained using 3 additional cows of the same breed fitted with rumen cannulae. On a wet basis, concentrate was composed by corn grain (68%), soybean meal (22%), wheat bran (8%) and a vitamin-mineral nucleus with monensin. Pasture (Medicago sativa, sp) was used in a rotational grazing system with an herbage allowance of 30 kg DM cow-1 d-1. Yield (kg cow-1 d-1) of fat corrected milk (4% FCM) resulted higher (p < 0.05) in T7.0 (29.0) compared to T3.5 (26.8) but similar to T10.5 (30.2). Milk and protein yields were linearly increased (p < 0.01) by concentrate intake. Milk fat (3.13 g/100g) and total solid contents (11.79 g/100g) did not differ whereas milk protein (p < 0.03) and casein (p < 0.01) levels (g/100g) increased linearly from 3.05 to 3.10 (protein) and from 2.42 to 2.47 (casein). Pasture intake decreased but total DM and energy consumption were enhanced showing addition effects after concentrate feeding. Body weight (BW) loss and plasmatic levels of non esterified fatty acids (NEFA) decreased with concentrate intake. Circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) were higher (p < 0.05) in T10.5 while those of glucose, plasma urea nitrogen, insulin and somatotrophin were not affected. Ruminal pH and acetate concentration resulted lower (p < 0.05) in T10.5 when compared to T3.5. The acetate:propionate ratio decreased (p < 0.01) from 4.25 in T3.5 to 3

关键词： Grazing Dairy Cows Milk Yield Concentrate Supplementation Rumen Digestion

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Alcoholism and liver disease in Mexico:Genetic and environmental factors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第44期19卷 7972-7982页

作者： Sonia Roman eloy Alfonso Zepeda-Carrillo Laura Eugenia Moreno-Luna Arturo Panduro Department of Molecular Biology in Medicine Civil Hospital of Guadalajara "Fray Antonio Alcalde" and Health Sciences Center University of GuadalajaraGuadalajara Jalisco 44280 Mexico Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit and Hospital Civil Tepic "Antonio González Guevara" Tepic Nayarit 63000 Mexico

Alcoholism and cirrhosis,which are two of the most serious health problems worldwide,have a broad spectrum of clinical *** diseases are influenced by genetic susceptibility and cultural traits that differ globally but are specific for each *** contrast to other regions around the world,Mexicans present the highest drinking score and a high mortality rate for alcoholic liver disease with an intermediate category level of per capita alcohol *** has a unique history of alcohol consumption that is linked to profound anthropological and social *** Mexican population has an admixture genome inherited from different races,Caucasian,Amerindian and African,with a heterogeneous distribution within the ***,genes related to alcohol addiction,such as dopamine receptor D2 in the brain,or liver alcoholmetabolizing enzymes,such as alcohol dehydrogenase classⅠpolypeptide B,cytochrome P450 2E1 and aldehyde dehydrogenase class 2,may vary from one individual to ***,they may be inherited as risk or non-risk haplogroups that confer susceptibility or resistance either to alcohol addiction or abusive alcohol consumption and possibly liver ***,in this era of genomics,personalized medicine will benefit patients if it is directed according to individual or population-based *** association studies will be required to establish novel strategies for the prevention,care and treatment of liver disease in Mexico and worldwide.

关键词： Alcohol Genes Alcoholism Alcohol dependence Alcohol addiction Alcohol abuse Alcoholic liver cirrhosis Anthropology

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Productive Response and Reproductive Performance of Dairy Cows Subjected to Different Feeding Systems

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2020年第1期10卷 10-32页

作者： eloy Eduardo Salado Martín Guillermo Maciel Gustavo Bretschneider Alejandra Cuatrin Gerardo Antonio Gagliostro Area de Investigación en Producción Animal Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Rafaela Argentina Agencia de Extensión Rural Necochea Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Necochea Argentina Area de Investigación en Producción Animal Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Balcarce Argentina

Fifty Holstein cows (2.6 ± 1.0 lactations) in early lactation (52.6 ± 16.4 days in milk) calved in autumn and producing 34.3 (±4.4) kg milk per cow·day-1 were randomly assigned for 27 weeks to one of two treatments (feeding systems) in 10 groups (pens) of 5 animals each (5 groups/treatment). The confined treatment was a total mixed ration (TMR_100) whereas the supplemented grazing system was defined by a partially mixed ration (PMR_75) with 75% TMR and 25% oat pasture (Avena sativa L.) during the autum-winter (Period I) and alfalfa pasture (Medicago sativa L.) plus concentrate (7.0 kg per cow·day-1) (P + C) during the next spring (Period II). Milk production was daily and individually recorded throughout the trial while the chemical composition of milk was measured on individual samples every 2 weeks. Live weight (LW) and body condition score (BCS) using a scale of 1 to 5 were recorded every 3 weeks after the morning milking. Simultaneously, blood samples were taken for determinations of glucose, urea, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), insulin, somatotrophin (GH) and somatomedin C (IGF-I). Total DM intake was measured using the difference method four times per repetition in the months of July, August, September and October. The experimental herd was inseminated at fixed time at the start of the service (May-July) and on the return with estrus detection. The diagnosis of pregnancy was made by transrectal ultrasonography at 30 and 60 days after the start of the service. The productive data were analyzed according to a model with repeated observations in time adjusted by covariate with 2 periods and using the animal as the experimental unit. Data of DM intake were analyzed using ANOVA for 2 treatments with 5 repetitions. Cows from the TMR_100 group produced more milk (kg·cow-1·day-1) during Period I (33.7 vs. 32.3) and Period II (28.8 vs. 27.8) (P ·cow-1·day-1) in Periods I (1.33 vs. 1.24) and II (1.10 vs. 0.92) and for milk protein (1.19 vs. 1.13

关键词： Milk Yield Reproduction Dairy Cow Feeding Systems

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South American SLR stations monitoring ground displacement caused by the M8.8 Chilean earthquake of 2010

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第8期56卷 738-742页

作者： YIN ZhiQiang HAN YanBen PODESTA Ricardo LIU WeiDong PACHECO Ana ALONSO Ester ACTIS eloy HUANG DongPing ZHAO LiMin WANG Rui XIA JinChao National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China Observatorio Astronomico Felix Aguilar San Juan University San Juan 5400 Argentina

The M8.8 Chilean earthquake of February 27,2010 caused a large surface displacement near its *** Laser Ranging(SLR) station 7405,cooperatively operated by Germany and Chile about 130 km from the epicenter was affected by the *** SLR station,No.7406,operated jointly by the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and San Juan University of Argentina,was about 600 km from the *** the observations of these two SLR stations with global SLR station observations,we calculate the geocentric coordinates of the two stations based on *** results show that the coordinates of the two stations have changed by varying ***-7405 moved substantially towards the southwest with displacements of about 3.11,0.52 and 0.49 m in X,Y,Z directions;the corresponding displacements for SLR-7406 are about 0.02,0.03 and 0.02 *** solution,as an independent result derived from SLR observations,could provide an essential external check for other positioning techniques such as GPS.

关键词：地表位移 8级地震 SLR 智利 ITRF2000 GPS定位技术中国科学院国家天文台

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IGBT市场是否持续坚挺

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半导体信息 2013年第3期 35-37页

作者： Jean-Christophe eloy Yole Developpement

各国政府都将削减可再生能源及交通等领域的支出,因此IGBT器件和模块的制造商面临着一场考验。大部分IGBT制造商都在整个功率电子领域展开了竞争。英飞凌、三菱电机、富士电机等大企业在绝缘电压高达3300 V的产品方面实力很强。

关键词：英飞凌富士电机功率电子三菱电机硅晶圆 IGBT 可再生能源芯片尺寸株洲南车尼克斯

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18．米尼奥大学（葡萄牙）2020年未来发展宣言书

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图书情报工作动态 2009年第2期 22-23页

作者： eloy Rodrigues 鲁宁（编译）米尼奥大学文献服务部主任不详

在研究型大学的背景下，用户正越来越期待有一个信息丰富的环境，在这个环境中，所有需要的信息在合适的地点和时问里被自由获取。信息资源也同样被期待能够在一个单独、简单的用户接口——“a la Google”中寻找和搜索到。在葡萄牙的... 详细信息

在研究型大学的背景下，用户正越来越期待有一个信息丰富的环境，在这个环境中，所有需要的信息在合适的地点和时问里被自由获取。信息资源也同样被期待能够在一个单独、简单的用户接口——“a la Google”中寻找和搜索到。在葡萄牙的经验中，图书馆的设备仍然受到重视和大量使用（主要是被学生），但是在图书馆物理的业务量（借阅、参考咨询、馆际互借和文献传递）在过去的八年已经很明显的下降了。

关键词：研究型大学葡萄牙宣言书信息资源 Google 用户接口参考咨询文献传递

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