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Gaseous Nitrogen Losses from Coastal Acid Sulfate Soils:A Short-Term Study

Pedosphere 2011年第2期21卷 197-206页

作者： B.C.T.MACDONALD O.T.DENMEAD I.white G.BYRANT CSIRO Land and Water CanberraACT 2601 (Australia) The Fenner School of Environment and Society Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 0200 (Australia) University of Wollongong WollongongNSW 2500 (Australia)

NOx and N2O emissions from coastal acid sulfate soils （CASS） cultivated for sugarcane production were investigated on the coastal lowlands of northern New South Wales, Australia. Two series of short-term measurements were made using chambers and micrometeorological techniques. Series i occurred during the wet season, the water-filled pore space （WFPS） was between 60%-80% and the site flooded during the measurements. Measurements were made directly after the harvest of soybean crop, which fixed an estimated 100 kg N ha-1, and the emission amounted to 3.2 kg NOx-N ha-1 （12 d） and 1.8 kg N20-N ha-1 （5 d）. Series 2 was made towards the end of the dry season when the WFPS was less than 60%. In Series 2-1 after an application of 50 kg N ha-1, emissions were markedly less, amounting to 0.9 kg N ha 1 over 10 d. During both series when the soil was moist, emissions of NOx were larger than those of N2O. The emission of NOx appeared to be haphazard, with little time dependence, but there was a clear diurnal cycle for N2O, emphasising the need for continuous measurement procedures for both gases. These results suggest that agricultural production on CASS could be important sources of greenhouse gases and nitrogen practices will need to be optimised to reduce the offsite effects of atmospheric warming, acidification or nitrification. Many questions still remain unanswered such as the emissions during the soybean bean filling stage and crop residue decomposition, the longer-term losses following the fertiliser application and emissions from CASS under different land uses.

关键词： denitrification greenhouse gases nitrification nitrogen oxides nitrous oxide

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Templating core-shell particles using metal ion-chelating biosurfactants

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Particuology 2022年第5期20卷 145-152页

作者： Ching-Min Yeh Thomas Jarrett Yuan Gao Chun-Xia Zhao Andrew Whittaker Frank Sainsbury Alison L.white Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQueensland4072Australia ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology The University of QueenslandSt Lucia4072Australia CSIRO Probing Biosystems Future Science Platform BrisbaneAustralia Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityBrisbaneQLD4111 Australia

Designer biosurfactants can be used to stabilise and functionalise *** particularly promising use is the stabilisation of oil-in-water emulsions,enabling fine tuning physical,chemical and biological surface *** ability of emulsion systems to carry high payloads makes them attractive for applications in medicine,food and fragrances,and ***,they have limited long-term *** we sought to use the metal ion-chelating ability of the biosurfactant peptide,AM1,to precipitate the formation of a gold metal shell on AM1-stabilised emulsions by electroless *** found that replacing the commonly used zinc(Ⅱ)with palladium(Ⅱ)for coordination by histidine residues of adjacent AM1 peptides produced interfacial films that maintained elasticity at acidic *** NMR suggested a coordination mechanism independent of the imidazole ring of the *** of emulsions at low pH enabled the deposition of a gold shell,albeit by an unexpected *** propose that gold nanoparticles forming in bulk are adsorbed onto the peptide-stabilised interface,accumulating into a particulate *** resulting one-step method for nanoparticle precipitation and shell formation will be useful for the creation of biocompatible core-shell particles for applications where large payloads of hydrophobic active compounds require stability over long time periods.

关键词： Biosurfactants Emulsion Core-shell particles Electroless plating Histidine Interfacial elasticity

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看电影学英语年度合集

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作者：吴菲衡刘思岳 Marie white

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Shakespeare's cinema of love

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作者： (1948-)white R. S.

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长江中下游成矿带成矿规律和成矿模式

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岩石学报 2017年第11期33卷 3353-3372页

作者：周涛发范裕王世伟 Noel C white 合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院合肥230009 合肥工业大学矿床成因与勘查技术研究中心合肥230009

长江中下游成矿带作为中国东部重要的成矿带之一,成矿地质条件、成矿规律和成矿模式的相关研究已经十分深入,形成了一系列公认的理论研究成果,本文重点论述了成矿带成矿地质条件和成矿规律方面研究的新进展,并在此基础上构筑了成矿带的... 详细信息

长江中下游成矿带作为中国东部重要的成矿带之一,成矿地质条件、成矿规律和成矿模式的相关研究已经十分深入,形成了一系列公认的理论研究成果,本文重点论述了成矿带成矿地质条件和成矿规律方面研究的新进展,并在此基础上构筑了成矿带的成矿模式。本文主要开展了以下总结工作:(1)将成矿带的构造要素突破以往按构造单元分解的做法,确立跨构造单元的"复合构造系统",结合成矿带成岩成矿作用特点,重新确定了长江中下游成矿带的范围,并对成矿亚带进行了重新划分;(2)收集汇总了长江中下游成矿带近年来国内外学者最新的成岩成矿年龄数据,总结了矿床时空分布规律;(3)从地质,地球物理和地球化学等方面,总结归纳了沿基底结合带复活的网状断裂系统,阐明了成矿带的控矿构造格架,分析了长江中下游成矿带的成因规律;(4)补充和完善了断隆区和断凹区的成矿模式,并初步构筑了长江中下游成矿带综合成矿模式。提出长江中下游成矿带内主体成岩成矿作用总体上分为走滑挤压阶段(146~135Ma)、走滑引张阶段(135~126Ma)和拉张伸展阶段(126~123Ma)等三个阶段,古太平洋板块作用导致的壳幔过程,引发含元古代弧岩浆岩源区活化和中生代的构造活化("双活化")是长江中下游成矿带形成的主要机制。

关键词：长江中下游成矿带成矿规律成矿模式成矿背景

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听原声演讲学英语年度合集

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作者：吴菲衡刘思岳 Marie white

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Genesis of Mafic Microgranular Enclaves in the Shaocunwu Granodiorite,Southern China,and their Implications:Evidence from Zircon and Whole-rock Geochemistry

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第3期95卷 761-779页

作者： JIANG Hua ZHANG Dayu WANG Shiwei FU Xiang YE Longxiang Noel C.white ZHOU Taofa School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Ore Deposit and Exploration Centre Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Anhui Province Engineering Research Center for Mineral Resources and Mine Environments Hefei 230009China

Magmatic microgranular enclaves(MMEs)are widely developed in the Shaocunwu granodiorite at the northeast margin of the eastern Jiangnan orogenic *** geology showed that the MMEs occur as irregular ellipsoids near the edge of the intrusion,and consist of diorite,dominantly composed of amphibole,biotite,and plagioclase grains,with minor acicular *** U-Pb dating showed the ages of the host granodiorites and MMEs are 145.9±1.1 Ma and 145.6±2.5 Ma,respectively,indicating both originated during coeval late Jurassic ***-rock geochemical results show that the host granodiorite and MMEs have similar rare earth and trace element partition curves in spider grams,and similar 87Sr/86Sr,and 147Nd/144Nd isotope ratios,and their zircon 177Hf/176Hf isotopic ratios are *** studies indicate that both the host granodiorite and MMEs formed by mixing of coeval *** Ti thermometers and oxygen fugacity of the host granodiorite and the MMEs show high oxygen fugacity,similar to that of W-Cu(Mo)mineralized granitoids in the eastern Jiangnan orogenic belt.A similar magma mixing process was probably one of the mechanisms that generated the W-Cu(Mo)fertile melts.

关键词： MME zircon U-Pb dating Sr-Nd-Hf isotope magma mixing Shaocunwu granodiorite South Anhui

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Micro-ESR:微型电子自旋共振光谱仪

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生命科学仪器 2011年第3期9卷 23-26页

作者： Christopher J.white Colin T.elliott James R.white Active Spectrum Inc.

电子自旋共振光谱(ESR),又称顺磁共振光谱(EPR),是直接检测自由基、引起石油氧化降解含有未成对电子的活性分子以及食物的唯一方法,也在生物化学研究疾病方面起着一定的作用。本文所描述的微型、高灵敏度的ESR光谱仪通过显著降低光谱技... 详细信息

电子自旋共振光谱(ESR),又称顺磁共振光谱(EPR),是直接检测自由基、引起石油氧化降解含有未成对电子的活性分子以及食物的唯一方法,也在生物化学研究疾病方面起着一定的作用。本文所描述的微型、高灵敏度的ESR光谱仪通过显著降低光谱技术的成本,能够为工业和科学研究者扩大ESR光谱学的实用范围。

关键词：电子自旋共振光谱光谱仪微型科学研究者顺磁共振直接检测活性分子氧化降解

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Environmentally relevant concentrations of aminopolycarboxylate chelating agents mobilize Cd from humic acid

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第7期29卷 249-257页

作者： Ashley E.North Sophia Sarpong-Kumankomah Andrew R.Bellavie Wade M.white Jürgen Gailer Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science Program University of Calgary2500 University Drive NWCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada

Although Cd is a pollutant of public health relevance,many dietary sources from which it can be absorbed into human tissues remain *** it is well established that the biogeochemical cycle of Cd involves its complexation with environment-derived ligands（e.g.,humic acids,HAs） and anthropogenic ones（e.g.,chelating agents,CAs）,the interaction of Cd with both of these ligands is less well *** gain insight,a HA–Cd complex was injected on a size-exclusion chromatography（SEC） column coupled on-line with a flame atomic absorption spectrometer（FAAS） using 10 mmol/L Tris buffer（pH 8.0） as the mobile *** approach allowed us to observe the intact HA–Cd complex and the retention behavior of Cd as a function of 2–20 μmol/L concentrations of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid（EDTA）,diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid（DTPA） or methylglycinediacetic acid（MGDA） that were added to the mobile *** increase of the retention time of Cd was indicative of a partial or complete abstraction of Cd from *** results revealed that all CAs abstracted Cd from the HA–Cd complex at concentrations of 5 μmol/L,while MGDA and DTPA were effective at 2 μmol/*** bioavailability of some of the on-column formed CA–Cd complexes explains the previously reported increased accumulation of Cd in periphyton in the ecosystem downstream of wastewater treatment *** addition,our results imply that the use of effluents which contain CAs and Cd for the irrigation of food crops can introduce Cd into the food supply and compromise food safety.

关键词： Cadmium Humic acid Chelating agents EDTA DTPA MGDA Bioavailability

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MRBLES 2.0: High-throughput generation of chemically functionalized spectrally and magnetically encoded hydrogel beads using a simple single-layer microfluidic device

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 145-157页

作者： Yinnian Feng Adam K.white Jamin B.Hein Eric A.Appel Polly M.Fordyce Department of Genetics Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Bioengineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Biology Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenBlegdamsvej 3b2200 CopenhagenDenmark Department of Materials Science&Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Stanford ChEM-H Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San FranciscoCA 94110USA

The widespread adoption of bead-based multiplexed bioassays requires the ability to easily synthesize encoded microspheres and conjugate analytes of interest to their ***,we present a simple method(MRBLEs 2.0)for the efficient high-throughput generation of microspheres with ratiometric barcode lanthanide encoding(MRBLEs)that bear functional groups for downstream surface *** production in MRBLEs 2.0 relies on the manual mixing of lanthanide/polymer mixtures(each of which comprises a unique spectral code)followed by droplet generation using single-layer,parallel flow-focusing devices and the off-chip batch polymerization of droplets into *** streamline downstream analyte coupling,MRBLEs 2.0 crosslinks copolymers bearing functional groups on the bead surface during bead *** the MRBLEs 2.0 pipeline,we generate monodisperse MRBLEs containing 48 distinct well-resolved spectral codes with high throughput(>150,000/min and can be boosted to 450,000/min).We further demonstrate the efficient conjugation of oligonucleotides and entire proteins to carboxyl MRBLEs and of biotin to amino ***,we show that MRBLEs can also be magnetized via the simultaneous incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles with only a minor decrease in the potential code *** the advantages of dramatically simplified device fabrication,elimination of the need for custom-made equipment,and the ability to produce spectrally and magnetically encoded beads with direct surface functionalization with high throughput,MRBLEs 2.0 can be directly applied by many labs towards a wide variety of downstream assays,from basic biology to diagnostics and other translational research.

关键词： beads spectral functional

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