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Restore or retreat? Saltwater intrusion and water management in coastal wetlands

Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第1期3卷 38-55页

作者： elliott white,jr. David Kaplan Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment University of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida 32611 USA

Coastal wetlands perform a unique set of physical,chemical,and biological functions,which provide billions of dollars of ecosystem services *** wetlands also face myriad environmental and anthropogenic pressures,which threaten their ecological condition and undermine their capacity to provide these *** wetlands have adapted to a dynamic range of natural disturbances over recent millennia,but face growing pressures from human population growth and coastal *** anthropogenic pressures are driving saltwater intrusion(SWI)in many coastal *** position of coastal wetlands at the terrestrial-marine interface also makes them vulnerable to increasing rates of sealevel rise and changing ***,anthropogenic and natural stressors to coastal wetlands can act synergistically to create negative,and sometimes catastrophic,consequences for both human and natural *** review focused on the drivers and impacts of SWI in coastal wetlands and has two goals:(1)to synthesize understanding of coastal wetland change driven by SWI and(2)to review approaches for improved water management to mitigate SWI in impacted *** we frame this review as a choice between restoration and retreat,we acknowledge that choices about coastal wetland management are context-specific and may be confounded by competing management *** this setting,the choice between restoration and retreat can be prioritized by identifying where the greatest return in ecosystem services can be achieved relative to restoration dollars *** conclude that restoration and proactive water management is feasible in many impacted systems.

关键词： climate change disturbance ecosystems restoration salinity saltwater intrusion watershed management wetlands

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Rapid post-earthquake safety assessment of low-rise reinforced concrete structures

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2025年第1期24卷 101-112页

作者： Koji Tsuchimoto Yasutaka Narazaki Billie F.Spencer,jr. International Design Division Design DepartmentTaisei CorporationTokyo 163-0606Japan Zhejiang University–University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Institute Zhejiang UniversityHaining 314400China Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbana 61821USA

Many countries throughout the world have experienced large earthquakes,which cause building damage or *** such earthquakes,structures must be inspected rapidly to judge whether they are safe to *** facilitate the inspection process,the authors previously developed a rapid building safety assessment system using sparse acceleration measurements for steel framed *** proposed system modeled nonlinearity in the measurement data using a calibrated simplified lumped-mass model and convolutional neural networks(CNNs),based on which the buildinglevel damage index was estimated rapidly after *** proposed system was validated for a nonlinear 3D numerical model of a five-story steel building,and later for a large-scale specimen of an 18-story building in Japan tested on the E-Defense shaking ***,the applicability of the safety assessment system for reinforced concrete(RC)structures with complex hysteretic material nonlinearity has yet to be explored;the previous approach based on a simplified lumpedmass model with a Bouc-Wen hysteretic model does not accurately represent the inherent nonlinear behavior and resulting damage states of RC *** study extends the rapid building safety assessment system to low-rise RC moment resisting frame structures representing typical residential apartments in ***,a safety classification for RC structures based on a damage index consistent with the current state of practice is ***,a 3D nonlinear numerical model of a two-story moment frame structure is created.A simplified lumped-mass nonlinear model is developed and calibrated using the 3D model,incorporating the Takeda degradation model for the RC material *** model is used to simulate the seismic response and associated damage sensitive features(DSF)for random ground *** resulting database of responses is used to train a convolutional neural network(CNN)that performs rapid safety ***

关键词： rapid post-earthquake safety assessment acceleration interstory drift angle damage sensitive feature convolutional neural network RC structure simplified non-linear analysis model Takeda degradation model

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NEWSWORTHY CLIPS Update your vocabulary with news clips from around the world

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空中英语教室(高级版.彭蒙惠英语) 2025年第1期 16-18,43,44页

作者： Bill Murphy jr. 不详

Softbank,the Japanese mega-conglomerate,says it's using AI to build what a designer called a mental shield that manipulates angry customers'voices so that call center employees don't have to deal with drama.

关键词： WORTH CLIPS NEWS

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Bioelectronic medicine in modulation of cortical spreading depolarization and beyond

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 481-482页

作者： Khaled Alok Timothy G.white Chunyan Li Department of Neurosurgery Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellHempsteadNYUSA Translational Brain Research Laboratory The Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNYUSA

Bioelectronic interventions,specifically trigeminal nerve st imulat ion(TNS),have attracted considerable attention in conditions where cortical spreading depolarizations(CSDs)accompanied by compromised cerebral perfusion may exacerbate neurological *** pharmacological interventions have demonstrated initial potential in addressing CSDs,a standardized treatment approach has not yet been *** objective of this perspective is to explore emerging bioelectronic methodologies for addressing CSDs,particularly emphasizing TNS,and to underscore TNS’s capacity to enhance neurovascular coupling and cerebral perfusion.

关键词： cerebral perfusion electronic

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Upcycling of monomers derived from waste polyester plastics via electrocatalysis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 535-561页

作者： Haoye Wang Richard Lee Smith jr.Xinhua Qi College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku University

Electrocatalysis offers efficient and targeted conversion of monomers derived from waste polyester plastics to chemical products under ambient temperature and pressure *** review provides analysis of research on electrochemical upgrading of monomers derived from waste polyester plastics published from2021 to *** for assessing upgrading of waste polyester plastics include alkaline hydrolysis pretreatment,indices of electrochemical reaction process(activity,stability,and techno-economic a nalysis),separation,and product *** of depolymerization monomers and their value-added products are summarized along with electrocatalytic mechanisms and reaction ***,cathode coupled reactions offer significant value for anodic waste plastic oxidation during electrolysis *** of bifunctional electrocatalysts can reduce the cost of coupled systems and complexity of the *** and recycling of waste plastic monomers using electrocatalytic technology should undergo downstream processing to form high-value products containing C-N and C-S derived functional groups obtained from depolymerized monomers,Electrochemical conversion and upgrading of monomers derived from waste polyester plastics can contribute to industrialization and global economies and help to realize environmental sustainability.

关键词： Coupling reaction Electrocatalysis Monomer Upgrade recycling Value-added products Waste plastics

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Predicting the Yield Loss of Winter Wheat Due to Drought in the Llano Estacado Region of the United States Based on the Cultivar-Specific Sensitivity to Drought

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Agricultural Sciences 2025年第1期16卷 13-30页

作者： Prem Woli Gerald R. Smith Charles R. Long Francis M. Rouquette jr. Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center Overton USA

In most agricultural areas in the semi-arid region of the southern United States, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production is a primary economic activity. This region is drought-prone and projected to have a drier climate in the future. Predicting the yield loss due to an anticipated drought is crucial for wheat growers. A reliable way for predicting the drought-induced yield loss is to use a plant physiology-based drought index, such as Agricultural Reference Index for Drought (ARID). Since different wheat cultivars exhibit varying levels of sensitivity to water stress, the impact of drought could be different on the cultivars belonging to different drought sensitivity groups. The objective of this study was to develop the cultivar drought sensitivity (CDS) group-specific, ARID-based models for predicting the drought-induced yield loss of winter wheat in the Llano Estacado region in the southern United States by accounting for the phenological phase-specific sensitivity to drought. For the study, the historical (1947-2021) winter wheat grain yield and daily weather data of two locations in the region (Bushland, TX and Clovis, NM) were used. The logical values of the drought sensitivity parameters of the yield models, especially for the moderately-sensitive and highly-sensitive CDS groups, indicated that the yield models reflected the phenomenon of water stress decreasing the winter wheat yields in this region satisfactorily. The reasonable values of the Nash-Sutcliffe Index (0.65 and 0.72), the Willmott Index (0.88 and 0.92), and the percentage error (23 and 22) for the moderately-sensitive and highly-sensitive CDS groups, respectively, indicated that the yield models for these groups performed reasonably well. These models could be useful for predicting the drought-induced yield losses and scheduling irrigation allocation based on the phenological phase-specific drought sensitivity as influenced by cultivar genotype.

关键词： ARID Cultivar Drought Model Phase Prediction Semi-Arid Stage Wheat Yield

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Web-Based Platform and Remote Sensing Technology for Monitoring Mangrove Ecosystem

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Open Journal of Ecology 2025年第1期15卷 1-10页

作者： Evelyn Anthony Rodriguez John Edgar Sualog Anthony Randy Anthony Quitain Wilma Cledera Delos Santos Ernesto jr. Benda Rodriguez College of Computer Studies Mindoro State University Victoria Philippines College of Arts and Sciences Mindoro State University Victoria Philippines

Remote sensing and web-based platforms have emerged as vital tools in the effective monitoring of mangrove ecosystems, which are crucial for coastal protection, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration. Utilizing satellite imagery and aerial data, remote sensing allows researchers to assess the health and extent of mangrove forests over large areas and time periods, providing insights into changes due to environmental stressors like climate change, urbanization, and deforestation. Coupled with web-based platforms, this technology facilitates real-time data sharing and collaborative research efforts among scientists, policymakers, and conservationists. Thus, there is a need to grow this research interest among experts working in this kind of ecosystem. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive literature review on the effective role of remote sensing and web-based platform in monitoring mangrove ecosystem. The research paper utilized the thematic approach to extract specific information to use in the discussion which helped realize the efficiency of digital monitoring for the environment. Web-based platforms and remote sensing represent a powerful tool for environmental monitoring, particularly in the context of forest ecosystems. They facilitate the accessibility of vital data, promote collaboration among stakeholders, support evidence-based policymaking, and engage communities in conservation efforts. As experts confront the urgent challenges posed by climate change and environmental degradation, leveraging technology through web-based platforms is essential for fostering a sustainable future for the forests of the world.

关键词： Mangrove Ecosystems Monitoring Remote Sensing Web-Based Platform

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The aggressive invasion of exotic reptiles in Florida with a focus on prominent species： A review

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Current Zoology 2011年第5期57卷 599-612页

作者： Richard ENGEMAN elliott JACOBSON Michael L. AVERY Walter E. MESHAKA, jr. USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services/National Wildlife Research Ctr 4101 LaPorte Ave. Fort Collins CO 80521-2154 USA College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida Gainesville FL 32610 USA USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services/National Wildlife Research Ctr 2820 East University Ave. Gainesville FL 32641 USA The State Museum of Pennsylvania 300 North Street Harrisburg Pennsylvania 17120 USA

Florida, along with Hawaii, has among the two worst invasive species problems in the USA, and the state is espe-cially susceptible to establishment by alien reptiles. Besides the large numbers of established non-native reptile species in Florida, many of these species present novel difficulties for management, or have other characteristics making effective management ex-tremely challenging. Moreover, initiation of management action requires more than recognition by experts that a potentially harmful species has become established. It also requires the political will along with concomitant resources and appropriate per-sonnel to develop effective methods and apply them. We review the situation in Florida, including assessment of risk for estab- lishment, and we use a subset of prominent species to illustrate in more detail the array of invasive reptile species circumstances in Florida, including routes of introduction, impacts, and potential and implemented management actions. These examples not only highlight the severity of the invasive reptile problems in the state, but they also show the diversity in resolve and response towards them and the motivating factors [Current Zoology 57 （5）： 599-612, 2011].

关键词： Argentine black and white tegus Biophysical ecology Burmese pythons Control Green and spiny-tailed iguanas,Invasive species Nile monitors Northern curlytail lizards

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Lophozonia tree cavities used for nesting by Slender-billed Parakeets(Enicognathus leptorhynchus)in the central valley of southern Chile:a potentially vanishing keystone resource

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Chinese Birds 2017年第1期8卷 25-36页

作者： Thomas H.white jr. Jaime E.Jiménez Puerto Rican Parrot Recovery Program United States Fish and Wildlife ServiceBox 1600Rio GrandePR 00745USA Sub-Antarctic Biocultural Conservation Program Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North TexasDentonTX 76201USA Sub-Antarctic Biocultural Conservation Program Department of Philosophy and ReligionUniversity of North TexasDentonTX 76201USA Omora Etnobotanical Park Universidad de MagallanesPuerto WilliamsChile

Background: The Slender-billed Parakeet(Enicognathus leptorhynchus) is a psittacine endemic to southern Chile and an obligate secondary cavity-nester. In the central valley of southern Chile, most(94%) of the known Slender-billed Parakeet nests have occurred in large, mature southern beech(Lophozonia obliqua) trees(locally known as "pellines"). As relicts of the original old-growth forests of southern Chile, most pellines have been lost due to extensive landclearing throughout the region, potentially threatening long-term persistence of the Slender-billed ***: We conducted our study in the central valley of southern Chile, near the city of Osorno during three consecutive nesting seasons(November–January, 2008–2011). Nest trees used by Slender-billed Parakeets were located by direct observation of parakeet activities and through interviews with local residents, some of whom were former parrot nest poachers. Nest cavities were accessed, inspected and measured using single-rope climbing techniques. We report means, standard errors, 95% confidence intervals and ranges for 11 cavity-related variables. We also report clutch sizes encountered in active nests, and age estimates of nest trees based on known growth rates of Lophozonia trees in southern Chile. Linear regressions were used to evaluate potential relationships between cavity-related variables and clutch ***: We located and measured 38 Lophozonia tree cavities used for nesting by Slender-billed Parakeets. Compared to those used by other psittacines, nest trees were relatively large, averaging 30.4 breast height of 134.5 ter ± 1.1 m in height with a mean diameter at ± 4.7 cm. Based on estimated annual diameincrement, ages of nest trees ranged from approximately 209–485 years. Nest cavities entrances averaged 12.5 ± 0.9 m in height above ground level. Cavity entrance widths averaged 51.0 ± 13.3 cm(vertical) by 11.5 ± 0.7 cm(horizontal). Cavity entrance orientations were apparently random, with

关键词： Conservation Deforestation Habitat loss Lophozonia obliqua Pellines Psittacidae Regeneration

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Harmonizing metabolic blueprint of flavor using complementary genomic insights

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Molecular Plant 2025年第1期18卷 19-21页

作者： Rhowell N.Tiozon jr.Nese Sreenivasulu Consumer-driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Research Unit International Rice Research InstituteLos BanosLagunaPhilippines

A key component of the sensory experience is flavor, which reflects preferred customer desires for higher-quality fruits, vegetables, and cereals. However, breeders are currently facing difficulty in capturing flavor qualities across crops, which requires the deployment of multi-disciplinary genomics technologies to identify novel alleles and validate the function using genome editing techniques. Recently, Luo et al. (2024) published a work in Molecular Plant, reporting that the flavor traits of waxy corn are influenced by the preferential selection of brassinosteroid and benzoxazinoid pathway genes (ZmBZR1, ZmUGP1, and the benzoxazinoid biosynthetic [bx] genes), which caused significant differences in metabolic pathways of sweet metabolites such as 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one-glucoside (DIMBOA) and raffinose. Furthermore, flavor perception in the waxy corn population is unaffected by the desired breeding characteristic of “glutinous” texture.

关键词： complementary insight desired

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