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Restore or retreat? Saltwater intrusion and water management in coastal wetlands

Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第1期3卷 38-55页

作者： elliott white,Jr. David Kaplan Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment University of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida 32611 USA

Coastal wetlands perform a unique set of physical,chemical,and biological functions,which provide billions of dollars of ecosystem services *** wetlands also face myriad environmental and anthropogenic pressures,which threaten their ecological condition and undermine their capacity to provide these *** wetlands have adapted to a dynamic range of natural disturbances over recent millennia,but face growing pressures from human population growth and coastal *** anthropogenic pressures are driving saltwater intrusion(SWI)in many coastal *** position of coastal wetlands at the terrestrial-marine interface also makes them vulnerable to increasing rates of sealevel rise and changing ***,anthropogenic and natural stressors to coastal wetlands can act synergistically to create negative,and sometimes catastrophic,consequences for both human and natural *** review focused on the drivers and impacts of SWI in coastal wetlands and has two goals:(1)to synthesize understanding of coastal wetland change driven by SWI and(2)to review approaches for improved water management to mitigate SWI in impacted *** we frame this review as a choice between restoration and retreat,we acknowledge that choices about coastal wetland management are context-specific and may be confounded by competing management *** this setting,the choice between restoration and retreat can be prioritized by identifying where the greatest return in ecosystem services can be achieved relative to restoration dollars *** conclude that restoration and proactive water management is feasible in many impacted systems.

关键词： climate change disturbance ecosystems restoration salinity saltwater intrusion watershed management wetlands

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NHS staff mental health status in the active phase of the COVID-19 era:a staff survey in a large London hospital

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General Psychiatry 2021年第2期34卷 69-77页

作者： Ikenna David Ike Matthieu Durand-Hill Eiman Elmusharaf Nicole Asemota Elizabeth Silva elliott white Wael I Awad Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery St Bartholomew's HospitalLondonUK

Background Experiencing a pandemic can be very unsettling and may have a negative impact on the mental health of frontline healthcare workers(HCWs).This may have serious consequences for the overall well-being of HCWs,which in turn may adversely affect patient safety and the productivity of the *** We designed a study to assess the prevalence of generalised anxiety disorder(GAD),depression and work-related stress experienced by the National Health Service staff in a large tertiary London hospital treating patients with COVID-19 during the current active phase of the COVID-19 *** An anonymous survey was designed with demographic data and three *** Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7)and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 were used to assess anxiety and depression,*** Health and Safety Executive Management Standards Indicator Tool was used to assess work-related *** from multiple specialties embracing cardiothoracic surgery,cardiology,respiratory medicine,endocrinology,oncology,imaging,anaesthesia and intensive care at our hospital were asked to complete the questionnaire between 25 May and 15 June *** A total of 302 staff members(106 males and 196 females)completed the *** overall prevalence of GAD and depression was 41.4%and 42.7%,*** prevalence of GAD and depression was significantly higher in females than in males and was statistically *** were four times more likely to report moderate to severe levels of anxiety and depression as compared with ***-related stress was also observed to be prevalent in our surveyed population with the following standards:relationships,role,control and change showing a need for *** Our study presents early evidence suggestive of a high prevalence of GAD,depression and work-related stress in *** is imperative that coherent strategies are implemented to improve the healthcare work environment during this pa

关键词： survey consequences staff

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Bioelectronic medicine in modulation of cortical spreading depolarization and beyond

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 481-482页

作者： Khaled Alok Timothy G.white Chunyan Li Department of Neurosurgery Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellHempsteadNYUSA Translational Brain Research Laboratory The Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNYUSA

Bioelectronic interventions,specifically trigeminal nerve st imulat ion(TNS),have attracted considerable attention in conditions where cortical spreading depolarizations(CSDs)accompanied by compromised cerebral perfusion may exacerbate neurological *** pharmacological interventions have demonstrated initial potential in addressing CSDs,a standardized treatment approach has not yet been *** objective of this perspective is to explore emerging bioelectronic methodologies for addressing CSDs,particularly emphasizing TNS,and to underscore TNS’s capacity to enhance neurovascular coupling and cerebral perfusion.

关键词： cerebral perfusion electronic

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ESTIMATION OF TIME DEPENDENT CARBON TRANSFER COEFFICIENTS USING NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE DATA

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2010年第3期23卷 640-664页

作者： Luther white Department of Mathematics University of Oklahoma Norman

Time dependent carbon transfer coefficients are estimated using ecosystem exchange databy minimizing over variable observational intervals,Kalman filter,and variational minimization *** coefficients are determined by application of estimation procedures to subintervalsfrom a partition of the observational time period,minimizing the variance of analyzed errors withoutthe imposition of a priori transfer coefficient models in Kalman filters,and minimization with respectto transfer coefficients in variational fit-to-data *** are compared between methodsand seasonal variability is observed in the transfer coefficients.

关键词： Inverse problems kalman filter stochastic differential equations variance minimization.

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An Iterative Pose Estimation Algorithm Based on Epipolar Geometry With Application to Multi-Target Tracking

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第4期7卷 942-953页

作者： Jacob H.white Randal W.Beard the Brigham Young University ProvoUtah 84058 USA

This paper introduces a new algorithm for estimating the relative pose of a moving camera using consecutive frames of a video sequence. State-of-the-art algorithms for calculating the relative pose between two images use matching features to estimate the essential matrix. The essential matrix is then decomposed into the relative rotation and normalized translation between frames. To be robust to noise and feature match outliers, these methods generate a large number of essential matrix hypotheses from randomly selected minimal subsets of feature pairs, and then score these hypotheses on all feature pairs. Alternatively, the algorithm introduced in this paper calculates relative pose hypotheses by directly optimizing the rotation and normalized translation between frames, rather than calculating the essential matrix and then performing the decomposition. The resulting algorithm improves computation time by an order of magnitude. If an inertial measurement unit(IMU) is available, it is used to seed the optimizer, and in addition, we reuse the best hypothesis at each iteration to seed the optimizer thereby reducing the number of relative pose hypotheses that must be generated and scored. These advantages greatly speed up performance and enable the algorithm to run in real-time on low cost embedded hardware. We show application of our algorithm to visual multi-target tracking(MTT) in the presence of parallax and demonstrate its real-time performance on a 640 × 480 video sequence captured on a UAV. Video results are available at https://***/Hh K-p2 h XNn U.

关键词： Aerial robotics epipolar geometry multi-target tracking pose estimation unmanned aircraft systems vision-based flight

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Management of diverticular disease is changing

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第20期12卷 3225-3228页

作者： Martin H Floch Jonathan A white Digestive Disease Section Yale University School of Medicine 333 Cedar Street1080 LMPPO Box 208019New HavenCT 06520United States Section of Gastroenterology Norwalk Hospital 24 Stevens StreetNorwalkCT 06856United States

Diverticular disease of the colon is primarily a disease of humans living in westernized and industrialized countries. Sixty percent of humans living in industrialized countries will develop colonic diverticula. It is rare before the age of 40, but more prone to complications when it occurs in the young. By age 80, over 65% of humans have colonic diverticula. The cause remains uncertain, but epidemiologic studies attribute it to dietary fiber deficiency. The cause of diverticulitis remains uncertain, but new observations and hypotheses suggest that it is due to chronic inflammation in the bowel wall. Standard medical therapies of bowel rest and antibiotics are still the recommended treatment. However, changing concepts and new therapies indicate that anti-inflammatory agents such as mesalamine and possibly probiotics may be helpful in shortening the course and perhaps preventing recurrences. Standard surgical treatment for perforation for severe acute disease has developed so that two-stage procedures are recommended. In addition, laparoscopic surgery has proven safe and may slowly become the technique of choice.

关键词： Diverticulitis Mesalamine Treatments

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Control design of an unmanned hovercraft for agricultural applications

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第2期8卷 72-79页

作者： Deyka I Garcia Warren N white Department of Mechanical Engineering Universidad Tecnológica de PanamáPanamá0819-07289Panamá Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

The efficient and precise application of agricultural materials such as fertilizer or herbicide can be greatly facilitated by autonomous *** is especially important under difficult conditions at remote *** purpose of this work is to develop an accurate nonlinear controller using a direct Lyapunov approach to ensure stability of an unmanned hovercraft prototype used for the execution of these agricultural *** a craft constitutes an underactuated system which has fewer actuators than degrees of *** proposed closed loop system is simulated to demonstrate that a control law can stabilize both the actuated and unactuated degrees of freedom of the *** is shown that the position and orientation of the hovercraft achieve high dynamic and steady performance.

关键词： controller direct Lyapunov method nonholonomic constraint underactuated system unmanned hovercraft

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Patient-specific monocyte-derived microglia as a screening tool for neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第5期18卷 955-958页

作者： Hazel Quek Anthony R.white Mental Health and Neuroscience QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute School of Biomedical Science The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia

Microglia, the main driver of neuroinflammation, play a central role in the initiation and exacerbation of various neurodegenerative diseases and are now considered a promising therapeutic target. Previous studies on in vitro human microglia and in vivo rodent models lacked scalability, consistency, or physiological relevance, which deterred successful therapeutic outcomes for the past decade. Here we review human blood monocyte-derived microglia-like cells as a robust and consistent approach to generate a patient-specific microglia-like model that can be used in extensive cohort studies for drug testing. We will highlight the strength and applicability of human blood monocyte-derived microglia-like cells to increase translational outcomes by reviewing the advantages of human blood monocyte-derived microglia-like cells in addressing patient heterogeneity and stratification, the basis of personalized medicine.

关键词： human in vitro microglia models neurodegeneration neuroinflammation patient heterogeneity patient stratification peripheral blood monocyte-derived microglia-like cells therapeutic target transdifferentiation translational outcomes

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Heightened condition dependent expression of structural coloration in the faces,but not wings,of male and female flies

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Current Zoology 2022年第5期68卷 600-607页

作者： Thomas E white Amy Locke Tanya Latty School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of SydneySydney 2106Australia

Structurally colored sexual signals are a conspicuous and widespread class of ornament used in mate choice,though the extent to which they encode information on the quality of their bearers is not fully *** predicts that signaling traits under strong sexual selection as honest indicators should evolve to be more developmentally integrated and exaggerated than nonsexual traits,thereby leading to heightened condition ***,we test this prediction through examination of the sexually dimorphic faces and wings of the cursorial fly Lispe *** and females possess structural UV-white and golden faces,respectively,and males present their faces and wings to females during close-range,ground-based courtship displays,thereby creating the opportunity for mutual *** a field-collected sample of individuals,we found that the appearance of the faces of both sexes scaled positively with individual condition,though along separate *** in better condition expressed brighter faces as modeled according to conspecific flies,whereas condition scaled with facial saturation in *** found no such relationships for their wing interference pattern nor abdomens,with the latter included as a nonsexual *** results suggest that the structurally colored faces,but not the iridescent wings,of male and female *** are reliable guides to individual quality and support the broader potential for structural colors as honest *** also highlight the potential for mutual mate choice in this system,while arguing for 1 of several alternate signaling roles for wing interferences patterns among the myriad taxa which bear them.

关键词： honest signal iridescent mate choice sexual selection wing interference pattern

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POLYMERIC SURFACTANT STRUCTURE

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2001年第2期19卷 135-145页

作者： P.M.Saville J.W.white Research School of Chemistry The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 AustraliaResearch School of Chemistry The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia

Polymeric surfactants are amongst the most widespread of all polymers. In nature, proteins and polysaccharidescause self organization as a result of this surfactancy; in industry, polymeric surfactants play key roles in the food, explosivesand surface coatings sectors. The generation of useful nano- and micro-structures in films and emulsions as a result ofpolymer amphiphilicity and the application of mechanical stress is discussed. The use of X-ray and neutron small anglescattering and reflectivity to measure these structures and their dynamic properties will be described. New results on linear and dendritic polymer surfactants are presented.

关键词： Polymeric Surfactant Structure X-ray Neutron Reflectivity Film

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