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Transformer2 proteins protect breast cancer cells from accumulating replication stress by ensuring productive splicing of checkpoint kinase 1

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 186-195页

作者： Andrew Best Katherine james Gerald Hysenaj Alison Tyson-Capper David j. elliott Institute of Genetic Medicine Newcastle University Newcastle NE1 3BZ UK Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems Research Group and Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology Newcastle University Newcastle NE1 3BZ UK Institute for Cellular Medicine Newcastle University Newcastle NE2 4HH UK

Increased expression levels of the RNA splicing regulator Transformer2fl （abbreviated Tra2fl） have been reported in several types of cancer. Recent work has revealed an intimate cross-regulation between Tra2fl and the highly similar Tra2a protein in human breast cancer cells, though these two proteins are encoded by separate genes created by a gene duplication that occurred over 500 million years ago. This cross-regulation involves splicing control of a special class of exons, called poison exons. Down-regulation of Tra2fl reduces splicing inclu- sion of a poison exon in the mRNA encoding Tra2a, thereby up-regulating Tra2a protein expression. This buffers any splicing changes that might be caused by individual depletion of Tra2fl alone. Discovery of this cross-regulation pathway, and its by-pass by joint deple- tion of both human Tra2 proteins, revealed Tra2 proteins are essential for breast cancer cell viability, and led to the identification of important targets for splicing control. These exons include a critical exon within the checkpoint kinase 1 （CHK1） gene that plays a crucial function in the protection of cancer cells from replication stress. Breast cancer cells depleted for Tra2 proteins have reduced CHK1 protein levels and accumulate DNA damage. These data suggest Tra2 proteins and/or their splicing targets as possible cancer drug targets.

关键词： RNA splicing gene expression breast cancer,DNA damage CHK1

Conditional coherent risk measures and regime-switching conic pricing

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Probability, Uncertainty and Quantitative Risk 2021年第4期6卷 267-300页

作者： Engel john C Dela Vega Robert j elliott UniSA Business University of South AustraliaSA 5000 AdelaideAustralia Haskayne School of Business University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaT2N 1N4Canada

This paper introduces and represents conditional coherent risk measures as essential suprema of conditional expectations over a convex set of probability measures and as distorted expectations given a concave distortion function.A model is then developed for the bid and ask prices of a European-type asset by a conic *** price process is governed by a modified geometric Brownian motion whose drift and diffusion coefficients depend on a Markov *** bid and ask prices of a European-type asset are then characterized using conic quantization.

关键词： Conditional coherent risk measures Markov chains Regime-switching Conic finance European options Distortion functions Conic quantization

Complications of button battery ingestion or insertion in children:a systematic review and pooled analysis of individual patient-level data

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World journal of Pediatrics 2024年第10期20卷 1017-1028页

作者： Christopher Tran Carlos Nunez Guy D.Eslick Ruth Barker Elizabeth j.elliott Sydney Medical School Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit Level 2Kids ResearchThe Sydney Children’s Hospital Network(Westmead)Locked Bag 4001WestmeadNSW2145Australia Queensland Children’s Hospital BrisbaneQLDAustralia Queensland Injury Surveillance Unit Jamieson Trauma InstituteRoyal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia

Background Button battery(BB)exposures are common in children and can have devastating *** reviewed current evidence on the complications associated with BB exposure and identified predictors of outcomes using individual patient-level *** sources We carried out a systematic review and pooled analysis by searching MEDLINE,Embase,and Scopus up to May 19,*** studies describe complications following BB exposures in children(agedjejunocolic *** complications were common among children who ***(≤2 years),battery exposure duration(>6 hours),and battery diameter(≥20 mm)were associated with common and severe complications of *** BB injuries are time-critical,with severe sequelae predominantly affecting young *** is *** work through regulation and safer battery design are required to eliminate this problem.

关键词： Child Electric power supplies Digestive systems Fatal outcome Foreign bodies

“If we are waiting for the numbers alone,we will miss the point”:a qualitative study of the perceived rise of food allergy and associated risk factors in the Greater Accra Region,Ghana

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Global Health Research and Policy 2017年第1期2卷 159-170页

作者： George A.Atiim Susan j.elliott Ann E.Clarke Department of Geography and Environmental Management Faculty of EnvironmentUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada Department of Medicine Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada

Background:Globally,food allergy[FA]is considered a growing health *** much of what is known comes from developed countries,there is growing interest in the epidemiology of FA in developing regions such as sub-Saharan ***,researchers are beginning to document the incidence and prevalence of FA and *** results outlined in this paper stem from an exploratory qualitative study examining the emergence of the health risk of FA in Ghana,a country undergoing epidemiologic ***:Between june and August,2015,we conducted thirty-seven(37)semi-structured in-depth *** comprised seventeen(17)healthcare workers across 12 public and private hospitals and twenty(20)individuals with FA and families with allergic *** interviews were recorded and transcribed *** were analyzed to develop thematic areas that characterize perceptions and experiences around ***:Three key broad themes arise from this ***,FA is an emerging health risk,whose incidence is perceived to be ***,participants expressed mixed perceptions about the public health burden of ***,participants identified individual and societal factors that may be influencing FA risks and ***:Our research suggests FA is a growing but unrecognized public health *** is the need for health policies and researchers to consider the full extent of ongoing epidemiologic changes for the health of populations in developing regions.

关键词： Food allergy Chronic illness Epidemiologic transition Qualitative Ghana

Local tips, global impact: community-driven measures as avenues of promoting inclusion in the control of neglected tropical diseases: a case study in Kenya

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第4期11卷 81-90页

作者： Elizabeth A.Ochola Diana M.S.Karanja Susan j.elliott Department of Geography and Environmental Management University ofWaterlooWaterlooONCanada

Background:Neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)affect poor populations with little or no’’political voice’to influence control *** most NTDs have interventions that work,the biggest challenge remains in delivering targeted interventions to affected populations residing in areas experiencing weak health *** the upward development trends in most countries of sub-Saharan Africa(SSA),the healthcare worker to population ratio remains exceptionally low,with some areas not served at all;thus,there is a need to involve other personnel for school and community-based healthcare ***,the current community-based programs suffer from inconsistent community participation due to a lack of coordinated response,and an expanded intervention agenda that lacks context-specific solutions applicable to rural,urban,and marginalized ***:This research investigated the capacity of local communities to address the burden of *** by the social theory of human capability,the research collected primary qualitative data by conducting key informant interviews and focus group discussions of people infected or affected by *** interview data were collected and transcribed verbatim for thematic analysis using Nvivo version ***:Our findings reveal,first,a need for intersectoral collaboration between governments and affected populations for inclusive and sustainable NTD ***,a’’bottom-up’approach that enhances capacity building,sensitization,and behaviour change for improved uptake of NTD ***,the enforcement of Public Health Legislative Acts that mandates the reporting and treatment of NTDs such as ***,the establishment of support groups and counseling services to assist persons suffering from debilitating and permanent effects of ***:Our research demonstrates the importance of human agency in encouraging new forms of participation leading to the co-production of inclusive and susta

关键词： Neglected tropical diseases Control Community-driven measure Local solution Global impact Inclusion Kenya

Autonomic Neuropathy in HIV: A Case Report and Review of Potential Symptoms in an Advanced-Stage, HIV Cohort

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World journal of AIDS 2012年第3期2卷 265-269页

作者： jessica Robinson-Papp Kathryn j. elliott Maria Pizzirusso Susan Morgello Department of Neurology Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York USA

A woman with a seventeen-year history of HIV infection on effective antiretroviral therapy presented with signs and symptoms of distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSP). She developed significant side effects (dizziness, nausea, edema) with medications for pain management. Chart review revealed a history of similar intolerance to multiple antiretrovirals, which was not explained by known cardiac or gastrointestinal disease or psychological factors. Specialized testing revealed the presence of an autonomic neuropathy, which provided an explanation for her medication intolerance. The patient was educated on the symptoms of autonomic neuropathy and its relationship to DSP and subsequent symptomatic medications were initiated at the lowest possible doses. Although symptom management remained challenging, the patient exhibited lower frustration and greater acceptance of medication trials. Review of 168 advanced stage HIV infected individuals demonstrated that 81% experienced at least one, and 33% three or more, symptoms potentially attributable to autonomic neuropathy. Potentially autonomic symptoms were significantly associated with the presence of symptomatic DSP. Autonomic neuropathy is difficult to diagnose without specialized testing, as its symptoms are non-specific and overlap with a large number of somatic disorders. The high prevalence of autonomic-type symptoms in chronic HIV, and their association with peripheral neuropathy, may warrant further investigation of the potential for autonomic dysfunction in individuals with HIV-related symptomatic DSP.

关键词： HIV Neuropathy Autonomic

Cigarette Smoke Induces Apoptosis by Activation of Caspase-3 in Isolated Fetal Rat Lung Type II Alveolar Ep-ithelial Cells <i>in Vitro</i>

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Open journal of Respiratory Diseases 2013年第1期3卷 4-12页

作者： Asra Ahmed james A. Thliveris Anthony Shaw Michael Sowa james Gilchrist j. elliott Scott Departments of Oral Biology University of Manitoba and Manitoba Institute for Child Health Winnipeg Canada Human Anatomy and Cell Science University of Manitoba and Manitoba Institute for Child Health Winnipeg Canada The Biology of Breathing Group University of Manitoba and Manitoba Institute for Child Health Winnipeg Canada The National Research Council Biodiagnostics Institute University of Manitoba and Manitoba Institute for Child Health Winnipeg Canada

Smoking during pregnancy is a major source of fetal exposure to numerous harmful agents present in tobacco smoke. Lung development involves complex biochemical processes resulting in dramatic changes which continue even after birth. In addition to type I cells which form the blood-air barrier, type II alveolar epithelial (AE) cells have important and diverse functions related to immunological protection and stabilization of the alveolus through synthesis and secretion of the pulmonary surfactant. Apoptosis or programmed cells death is an important physiological process during lung embryogenesis and for the proper maintenance of homeostasis. Caspases are proteases that play important roles in regulating apoptosis. Caspase-3 is the key executioner caspase in the cascade of events leading to cell death by apoptosis. We explored the hypothesis that cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induces apoptosis in fetal rat lung type II AE cells by activation of caspase-3. To analyze these factors, isolated fetal rat lung type II AE cells were used. The cells were exposed to different concentrations of CSE (5%, 10% or 15%) (v/v) for 60 min. The results of the present study showed that CSE induced apoptosis in fetal rat lung type II AE cells with a significant increase (p 0.05) in caspase-3 activity and decrease in cell proliferation at CSE concentrations of 10% and 15% (v/v). These observations indicate that cigarette smoke extract induces apoptosis by activation of caspase-3 in fetal rat lung type II AE cells in a dose-dependent manner and may potentially alter the regulated development of the lung and the appearance of the surfactant-producing type II alveolar cells which are critical for the establishment of adequate gas exchange at birth.

关键词： Cigarette Smoke Toxicity Fetal Rat Lung Type II Alveolar Cells Apoptosis Protease Caspase-3 Lung Development Developmental Toxicity Maternal Smoking

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膀胱灌洗

护理研究 1990年第3期 182-184页

作者： T.S.j.elliott ,高金春河北省邢台县医院

临床早已证明,插管并发的尿道感染可增加发病率和死亡率。有人曾试图通过预防、控制、治疗这种感染来克服这个问题,其措施包括减少不必要的抽管;应用密闭无菌引流方法;在插管中严格执行无菌技术等。这些措施可减少或延迟插管感染的发生... 详细信息

临床早已证明,插管并发的尿道感染可增加发病率和死亡率。有人曾试图通过预防、控制、治疗这种感染来克服这个问题,其措施包括减少不必要的抽管;应用密闭无菌引流方法;在插管中严格执行无菌技术等。这些措施可减少或延迟插管感染的发生,但不能根除。预防和治疗插管感染的另一争议的方法是膀胱灌洗。已证明,伴慢性泌尿道感染的插管病人,泌尿道上皮细胞剥脱严重,而使泌尿道粘膜不完整。在这种情况下行膀胱灌洗可加重粘膜损伤,使患者更

关键词：泌尿道感染插管剥脱粘膜病人对照组平均患者生物膜胃管尿标本

Australian children living with rare diseases:health service use and barriers to accessing care

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World journal of Pediatrics 2023年第7期19卷 701-709页

作者： Suzy Teutsch Yvonne Zurynski Guy DEslick Marie Deverell john Christodoulou Helen Leonard Troy Dalkeith Sandra Ljjohnson Elizabeth jelliott Faculty of Medicine and Health Discipline of Child and Adolescent HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustraliaAustralian Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit Kids ResearchSydney Children's Hospitals NetworkWestmeadNSWAustralia Australian Institute of Health Innovation Center for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Scienceand NHMRC Partnership Centre in Health System SustainabilityMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustraliaFaculty of Medicine and HealthDiscipline of Child and Adolescent HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Government Department of Health Western Australia PerthWAAustralia Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services Royal Children's HospitalParkvilleVICAustralia Department of Paediatrics The University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western AustraliaNedlandsWAAustralia Genetic Metabolic Disorders Service Sydney Children's Hospitals NetworkWestmeadNSWAustralia

Background Children with rare diseases experience challenges at home and school and frequently require multi-disciplinary *** aimed to determine health service utilization by Australian children with rare diseases and barriers to access-ing *** Parents completed an online survey on health professional and emergency department(ED)presentations,hospi-talization,and barriers to accessing *** barriers to service access included residential location(city,regional,remote)and child health-related functioning,determined using a validated,parent-completed measure-of-function *** Parents of 462 children with over 240 rare diseases completed the *** with the general population,these children were more likely to be hospitalized[odds ratio(OR)=17.25,95%confidence interval(CI)=15.50-19.20]and present to the ED(OR=4.15,95%CI=3.68-4.68)or a family physician(OR=4.14,95%CI=3.72-4.60).Child functional impairment was nil/mild(31%),moderate(48%)or severe(22%).Compared to children with nil/mild impair-ment,those with severe impairment were more likely to be hospitalized(OR=13.39,95%CI=7.65-23.44)and present to the ED(OR=11.16,95%CI=6.46-19.27).Most children(75%)lived in major cities,but children from regional(OR=2.78,95%CI=1.72-4.55)and remote areas(OR=9.09,95%CI=3.03-25.00)experienced significantly more barriers to healthcare access than children from major *** included distance to travel,out-of-pocket costs,and lack of specialist medical and other health *** Children with rare diseases,especially those with severe functional impairment have an enormous impact on health services,and better integrated multidisciplinary services with patient-centered care are *** must be improved for children living in rural and remote settings.

关键词： Access Health functioning Health service use Rare diseases