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Use of shear wave elastography for the diagnosis and follow-up of biliary atresia: A meta-analysis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第32期28卷 4725-4739页

作者： ellen s wagner Hussien Ahmed H Abdelgawad Meghan Landry Belal Asfour Mark B slidell Ruba Azzam Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionThe University of Chicago MedicineComer Children’s HospitalChicagoIL 60637United States Department of Medicine Zagazig UniversityZagazig 44511EgyptEgypt Department of Pediatrics The University of Chicago MedicineComer Children’s HospitalChicagoIL 60637United States Graduate school of Professional Education-Biomedical Informatics University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637United States Department of surgery The University of Chicago MedicineComer Children’s HospitalChicagoIL 60637United States

BACKGROUND Timely differentiation of biliary atresia(BA)from other infantile cholestatic diseases can impact patient ***,non-invasive staging of fibrosis after Kasai hepatoportoenterostomy has not been widely *** wave elastography is an ultrasound modality that detects changes in tissue *** authors propose that the utility of elastography in BA can be elucidated through meta-analysis of existing *** To assess the utility of elastography in:(1)BA diagnosis,and(2)post-Kasai fibrosis *** A literature search identified articles that evaluated elastography for BA diagnosis and for post-Kasai *** studies met criteria for meta-analysis:Eleven for diagnosis and nine for follow-up *** diagnostic odds ratio(DOR),sensitivity,and specificity of elastography were calculated through a random-effects model using Meta-Disc *** Mean liver stiffness in BA infants at diagnosis was significantly higher than in non-BA,with overall DOR 24.61,sensitivity 83%,and specificity 79%.Post-Kasai,mean liver stiffness was significantly higher in BA patients with varices than in patients without,with DOR 16.36,sensitivity 85%,and specificity 76%.Elastography differentiated stage F4 fibrosis from F0-F3 with DOR of 70.03,sensitivity 96%,and specificity 89%.Elastography also differentiated F3-F4 fibrosis from F0-F2 with DOR of 24.68,sensitivity 85%,and specificity 81%.CONCLUsION Elastography has potential as a non-invasive modality for BA diagnosis and surveillance *** paper’s limitations include inter-study method heterogeneity and small sample ***,standardized,multi-center studies are recommended.

关键词： Biliary atresia Cholestasis Hepatic portoenterostomy Fibrosis Esophageal and gastric varices Elasticity imaging techniques

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New glucocerebrosidase antibodies can advance research in the field of neurodegenerative disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1085-1086页

作者： Charis Ma Krystyna Rytel Yu Chen ellen sidransky Medical Genetics Branch National Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

In medical research,there are times when the introduction of a new tool can launch scientific discovery in new *** antibody development may be considered mundane,in the field of glucocerebrosidase(GCase)research,the dearth of validated antibodies for different applications has impeded progress in studies of disease pathogenesis and therapeutic *** recent introduction of new,rigorously evaluated antibodies can now propel research into the link between glucocerebrosidase and Parkinson’s disease(PD)as well as aspects of the pathobiology of Gaucher disease(Jong et al.,2024).

关键词： antibodies cerebro

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supplemental iodine as a key to reproduction in pandas?

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第2期7卷 175-182页

作者： Antoni V.MILEWsKI ellen s.DIERENFELD Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DST/NRF Centre of ExcellenceUniversity of Cape TownRondeboschSouth Africa Division of Animal sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA

Pandas are endemic to iodine-poor environments and appear to be specialized for a goitrogenic staple *** particular,the importance of thiocyanate in bamboos might possibly have been overlooked in captive breeding *** excreted in urine,thiocyanate first antagonizes absorption of iodine by the thyroid(of parent,fetus and suckling juveniles)and the mammary *** livestock and humans,subclinical deficiency of iodine is known to result in reproductive problems(including retardation of the fetus and suckling infant)even where the mother appears to be unaffected beyond slight hyperplasia of the thyroid and subtle hypothyroidism as reflected by levels of thyroid *** suggest that the possibilities of iodine deficiency or excess should be carefully considered wherever the reproductive rates of pandas are unsatisfactory.

关键词： iodine minerals nutrition pandas reproduction

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The significance of small streams

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Frontiers of Earth science 2017年第3期11卷 447-456页

作者： ellen WOHL Department of Geosciences Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523-1482 USA

Headwaters, defined here as first- and second- order streams, make up 70%-80% of the total channel length of river networks. These small streams exert a critical influence on downstream portions of the river network by： retaining or transmitting sediment and nutrients; providing habitat and refuge for diverse aquatic and riparian organisms; creating migration corridors; and governing connectivity at the watershed-scale. The upstream-most extent of the channel network and the longitudinal continuity and lateral extent of headwaters can be difficult to delineate, however, and people are less likely to recognize the importance of headwaters relative to other portions of a river network. Consequently, headwaters commonly lack the legal protections accorded to other portions of a river network and are more likely to be significantly altered or completely obliterated by land use.

关键词： headwaters hydrology water quality landuse connectivity resilience

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Identifying and mitigating dam-induced declines in river health:Three case studies from the western United states

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International Journal of sediment Research 2012年第3期27卷 271-287页

作者： ellen WOHL Department of Geosciences Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsColorado 80523-1482 USA Prof.Dr.

River health can be defined as the degree to which riverine energy source,water quality,flow regime, habitat and biota match the natural *** a healthy river,physical process and form remain actively connected and able to mutually adjust,and biological communities have natural levels of diversity and are resilient to environmental *** physical diversity and biodiversity influence river *** diversity is governed by hydrology,hydraulics,and substrate,as reflected in the geometry of the river channel and adjacent floodplain,which create habitat for aquatic and riparian *** is governed by biological processes such as competition and predation,but biodiversity also reflects the diversity,abundance and stability of habitat,as well as connectivity. Connectivity within a river corridor includes longitudinal,lateral,and vertical *** health declines as any of these interacting components is compromised by human *** cumulative effect of dams and other human alterations of rivers has been primarily to directly reduce physical diversity and connectivity,which indirectly reduces *** and maintenance of physical diversity and biodiversity on rivers affected by dams requires quantifying relations between the driver variables of flow and sediment supply,and the response variables of habitat,connectivity,and biological *** relations can take the form of thresholds(e.g., entrainment of streambed sediment) or response curves(e.g.,fish biomass versus extent and duration of floodplain inundation).I use examples from Wyoming,Colorado,and Arizona in the western United states to illustrate how to quantify relations between driver and response variables on rivers affected by dams.

关键词： River health Dams River restoration

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Exploiting a readily available but hard to digest resource:A review of exudativorous mammals identified thus far and how they cope in captivity

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第1期13卷 94-111页

作者： Francis CABANA ellen s.DIERENFELD Wirdateti Giuseppe DONATI K.A.I.NEKARIs Wildlife Nutrition Centre Wildlife Reserves Singapore Nocturnal Primate Research Group Oxford Brookes UniversityOxfordUK ellen s.Dierenfeld LLCSt.LouisMissouri USA Zoological Division Indonesian Institute of ScienceCibinongIndonesia

Gum is a widely available carbohydrate,composed mainly of non-digestible structural *** mammalian enzymes can digest gum;therefore,a mammal ingesting gum must rely on microbial fermentation to access the energy it *** are relatively nutrient *** this,some mammals have evolved to exploit this food *** aim to review the literature for all mammal species which have been recorded to ingest gum,whether quantified or not,and discuss this in the context of their evolutionary *** also investigated the recommended captive diets for these species to look at whether gum is *** conducted a literature search on IsI Web of Knowledge to tabulate all mammal species observed ingesting gum and classified them as obligate,facultative or opportunistic *** encountered 94 mammal species that eat gum in the wild(27 obligate feeders,34 facultative feeders and 33 opportunistic feeders).Obligate feeders have entirely evolved to exploit this resource but were found to not be given gum in captivity,which may explain why they are failing to thrive,as opposed to facultative feeders,which have fewer *** may be necessary for the health of obligate feeders in *** research should focus on the physiological effects that gum ingestion poses on different digestive systems.

关键词： feeding ecology gum husbandry marsupial primate

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Genetics provides new individualized therapeutic targets for Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第5期16卷 994-995页

作者： Eric Joshua Garcia ellen sidransky Medical Genetics Branch National Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

The identification of genes increasing one’s risk of developing common,complex disorders like Parkinson’s disease(PD)can provide novel therapeutic opportunities.A prime example of this are the consequences of mutations in GBA1,the gene responsible for the lysosomal storage disorder Gaucher disease(GD).GD is a multi-system disorder,primarily affecting tissues of the reticuloendothelial system.A subset of patients with GD also have neuronopathic manifestations(types 2 and 3 GD).

关键词： therapeutic consequences primarily

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Impact of rotavirus vaccine implementation on Israeli children:a comparison between pre-and post-vaccination era

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第6期18卷 417-425页

作者： Hussein Zaitoon shaden Hanna ellen Bamberger Department of Pediatrics Bnai Zion Medical CenterThe Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of MedicineTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology47 Golomb St.31048HaifaIsrael The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael

Background Worldwide rotavirus vaccination has resulted in a substantial decrease in rotavirus-induced severe gastroenteritis and related hospitalizations among ***,the characterization of patients warranting hospitalization needs to be further *** purpose of the study is to compare the clinical and laboratory features of children hospitalized with acute rotavirus infection before and after the introduction of routine *** This is a retrospective observational *** were pediatric patients who presented to the Bnai Zion Medical Center pediatric emergency department and were diagnosed with rotavirus acute gastroenteritis between 2017 and *** During the pre-vaccination period(2007–2009),114 infants and young children(median age:14 months,range:1–72 months;59 male,55 female)were hospitalized for rotavirus-induced acute gastroenteritis with a rate of 11.71 positive rotavirus tests per 1000 emergency room *** the post-vaccination period(2012–2019),168 infants and young children(median age:17 months,range:0–84 months;90 male,78 female)were hospitalized with a rate of 4.18 positive rotavirus tests per 1000 emergency room *** were no statistical differences between the two groups in gender,breast-feeding rates and sibling(s).The proportion of cases with moderate-to-severe dehydration was higher in the post-vaccination children than in the pre-vaccination *** Rates of rotavirus-attributed acute gastroenteritis hospitalizations declined from the pre-to the post-vaccination *** rates of dehydration were found in the post-vaccination *** surveillance is warranted to better understand the implications of the vaccine.

关键词： Acute gastroenteritis Booster dose Hospitalization Rotavirus Vaccination

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Technological advances expand our knowledge of lysosomal dysfunction in neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 539-540页

作者： Chase Chen Yu Chen ellen sidransky Medical Genetics Branch National Institutes of HealthNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

In the almost seven decades since the initial discovery of the lysosome as an organelle,our understanding of the role of lysosomes has greatly *** now know lysosomal function encompasses far more than its traditionally described role as the cell’s“garbage disposal”,referring to its well-established catabolic *** are integral to maintaining cellular health and viability,and they act as a major signaling hub within the cell(Ballabio and Bonifacino,2020).

关键词： function. function traditionally

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Functional sperm produced after spermatogonial stem ：ell transplantation into rhesus

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 216-217页

作者： ellen Goossens Herman Tournaye Research Group Biology of the testis (BITE) Research Department Embryology and Genetics Vrije Universiteit Brussel Laarbeeklaan 103 Jette 1090 Belgium Centre for Reproductive Medicine UZ Brussel Laarbeeklaan 101 Brussels 1090 Belgium

spermatogonial stem cell （ssC） transplantation is a promising technique to circumvent sterility in prepubertal boys undergoing gonadotoxic treatments. While the cryopreservation of spermatogonial stem cells is being introduced in clinical practices worldwide, a lot of unanswered questions remain regarding their eventual transplantation. In this paper autologous and allogeneic ssC transplantations in the testes of sterilized macaques were performed and spermatogenesis could be restored from donor ssCs. The spermatozoa obtained were competent to fertilize oocytes. This report proves the feasability of ssC transplantation in a primate model, hence reinforcing the hope that this strategy will eventually find its way into clinical practice.

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