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Sports Drink Update

中国运动医学杂志 2001年第1期20卷 110-112页

作者： ellen Coleman Gatorade Sports Science Institute

KEY POINTS:1)The ideal fluid replacement beverage is one that tastes good to the athlete, does not cause gastrointestinal discomfort when consumed in large volumes, promotes rapid fluid absorption and maintenance of extracellular fluid volume, and provides energy to working muscles.2)Sports drinks containing 6-8 percent carbohydrate maintain circulatory and thermoregulatory function during exercise as well as plain water and provide greater performance benefits than water.3)The small amount of sodium provided by many sports drinks may help maintain fluid and electrolyte balance during prolonged exercise in the heat.4)Flavored, sweetened beverages encourage voluntary fluid consumption, a response that helps ensure adequate fluid intake during exercise in the heat.

关键词： 110 Res Sports Drink Update

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科技业就业市场迎来转折时刻

Modeling regional landslide susceptibility using dynamic soil moisture profiles

人力资源开发与管理 2024年第1期

作者： ellen Huet

在AI成为硅谷的下一个巨大机遇之际，哪些人已经失业，哪些人在担心失业，还有哪些人身价大增？

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第8期15卷 1807-1824页

作者： RAY Ram L JACOBS Jennifer M DOUGLAS ellen M Cooperative Agricultural Research Center College of Agriculture and Human Sciences Prairie View A&M University Department of Civil Engineering University of New Hampshire Environmental Earth and Ocean Sciences Department University of Massachusetts Boston

A landslide susceptibility mapping study was performed using dynamic hillslope hydrology. The modified infinite slope stability model that directly includes vadose zone soil moisture(SM) was applied at Cleveland Corral, California, US and Krishnabhir, Dhading, Nepal. The variable infiltration capacity(VIC-3L) model simulated vadose zone soil moisture and the wetness index hydrologic model simulated groundwater(GW). The GW model predictions had a 75% NASH-Sutcliffe efficiency when compared to California's in-situ GW measurements. The model performed best during the wet season. Using predicted GW and VIC-3L vadose zone SM, the developed landslide susceptibility maps showed very good agreement with mapped landslides at each study region. Previous quasi-dynamic model predictions of Nepal's hazardous areas during extreme rainfall events were enhanced to improve the spatial characterization and provide the timing of hazardous conditions.

关键词： Landslide susceptibility Vadose zone Soil moisture Infiltration eapacity VIC-3L Groundwater

The Face/Facelessness of the Other-A Levinasian Reading of the Ethical of the Zhuangzi

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2017年第4期12卷 533-553页

作者： ellen Y. Zhang Department of Religion and Philosophy Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong China

Emmanuel Levinas＇ ethical phenomenology offers a new understanding of what constitutes the core issue of ethics. For Levinas, the word ＂ethics＂ i,eeomes a question about the ＂wholly Other,＂ the entity that challenges the self-qua-being, thus diverging from the traditional ontological framework of Being in the West, that is, sameness or totality. At first glance, Zhuangzi seems to have little in common with Levinas： The former irreverently mocks all moral principles and ethical norms whereas the latter takes ethics as first philosophy; the former speaks of the faceless as the model of Daoist authenticity whereas the latter speaks of the face as the symbol of moral obligation. Nevertheless, there are plenty of chapters in the Zhuangzi which illustrate how a self-being experiences a profound transfiguration through its encounter with the Other, a constellation which resonates with Levinas＇ theme. In this paper, the issue ofrelationality in the Zhuangzi will be analyzed in light of Levinas＇ espousal of alterity, with the purpose of explicating the Daoist appropriation of what I will call ＂the philosophy of difference.＂ I will submit the argument that the Zhuangzian notion of freedom and the Daoist conception of a well-lived life are both based upon this philosophy of difference. I will also argue that Daoist ethics, particularly the version expressed by the Zhuangzi, is best understood as a form of＂negative ethics.＂

关键词： Zhuangzi Hundun Levinas ethics philosophy of difference

Methods to Identify Individual Eddy Structures in Turbulent Flow

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2013年第2期18卷 125-136页

作者： Shengwen Wang Jack Goldfeather ellen K. Longmire Victoria Interrante the Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA the Mathematics and Computer Science Department Carleton College Northfield MinnesotaMN 55057 USA the Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics University of MinnesotaMinneapolis MN 55455 USA

Turbulent flows are intrinsic to many processes in science and engineering, and efforts to elucidate the physics of turbulence are of critical importance to many fields. However, ongoing efforts to achieve a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms of turbulent flow are hindered by the difficulty of quantifying the complex, nonlinear interactions between individual eddies in these flows. The difficulty of this task is compounded by the lack of robust methods for accurately identifying individual eddy structures and characterizing their dynamic evolution and organization across multiple scales. In this paper we address this problem by proposing several novel approaches for more accurately segmenting individual eddy structures in turbulent flows.

关键词： flow visualization segmentation vortices turbulent flow

H pylori and host interactions that influence pathogenesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第35期12卷 5599-5605页

作者： ellen J Beswick Giovanni Suarez Victor E Reyes Departments of Pediatrics Microbiology and Immunology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United States

H py/ori is probably the most prevalent human pathogen worldwide. Since it was initially suggested in 1983 by Marshall and Warren to be implicated in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease, H pylori has also been implicated in gastric carcinoma and was classified as a class I carcinogen. In the last two decades, a noteworthy body of research has revealed the multiple processes that this gram negative bacterium activates to cause gastroduodenal disease in humans. Most infections are acquired early in life and may persist for the life of the individual. While infected individuals mount an inflammatory response that becomes chronic, along with a detectable adaptive immune response, these responses are ineffective in clearing the infection. Hpylori has unique features that allow it to reside within the harsh conditions of the gastric environment, and also to evade the host immune response. In this review, we discuss the various virulence factors expressed by this bacterium and how they interact with the host epithelium to influence pathogenesis.

关键词： H pylori Gastric cancer Immune response Vacuolating cytotoxin

Synchronization of Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory Methods

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Communications in Computational Physics 2008年第6期4卷 56-71页

作者： ellen M.Taylor M.Pino Martin Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544USA

Weighted essentially non-oscillatory(WENO)methods have been developed to simultaneously provide robust shock-capturing in compressible fluid flow and avoid excessive damping of fine-scale flow features such as *** certain conditions in compressible turbulence,however,numerical dissipation remains unacceptably high even after optimization of the linear component that dominates in smooth *** the nonlinear error that remains,we demonstrate that a large fraction is generated by a“synchronization deficiency”that interferes with the expression of theoretically predicted numerical performance characteristics when the WENO adaptation mechanism is *** deficiency is illustrated numerically in simulations of a linearly advected sinusoidal wave and the Shu-Osher problem[***.,83(1989),pp.32-78].It is shown that attempting to correct this deficiency through forcible synchronization results in violation of *** conclude that,for the given choice of candidate stencils,the synchronization deficiency cannot be adequately resolved under the current WENO smoothness measurement technique.

关键词： Direct numerical simulation large eddy simulation compressible turbulence shock capturing.

Immune response to H pylori

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第35期12卷 5593-5598页

作者： Giovanni Suarez Victor E Reyes ellen J Beswick Department of Pediatrics University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United States Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555United StatesDepartment of Microbiology and Immunol-ogy University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United States

The gastric mucosa separates the underlying tissue from the vast array of antigens that traffic through the stomach lumen. While the extreme pH of this environment is essential in aiding the activation of enzymes and food digestion, it also renders the gastric epithelium free from bacterial colonization, with the exception of one important human pathogen, Hpylori. This bacterium has developed mechanisms to survive the harsh environment of the stomach, actively move through the mucosal layer, attach to the epithelium, evade immune responses, and achieve persistent colonization. While a hallmark of this infection is a marked inflammatory response with the infiltration of various immune cells into the infected gastric mucosa, the host immune response is unable to clear the infection and may actually contribute to the associated pathogenesis. Here, we review the host responses involved during infection with Hpylori and how they are influenced by this bacterium.

关键词： H pylori Immune response T cell Dendritic cells

Photocatalysis with visible-light-active uranyl complexes

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Science China Chemistry 2013年第12期56卷 1671-1681页

作者： LI Yong SU Jing MITCHELL ellen ZHANG GuoQing LI Jun School of Material Science Guangdong University of Technology Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry Bridgewater College

Atomic energy is an important part of current energy *** of nuclear weapons and applications of nuclear fuels in nuclear power plants have accumulated numerous spent fuels containing238U compounds,which are critical nuclear *** to reduce the nuclear wastes and to make use of the spent uranium are key scientific issues of environmental and nuclear *** have reviewed here the physiochemical properties and photocatalytic mechanisms of homogeneous and heterogeneous uranium-containing *** current research efforts demonstrate that spent fuels can become promising new photocatalytic materials.

关键词： visible-light photocatalysis actinide oxygen-centered radical excited states