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Intestinal genetic inactivation of caspase-8 diminishes migration of enterocytes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第15期21卷 4499-4508页

作者： elke Kaemmerer Paula Kuhn Ursula Schneider Min Kyung Jeon Christina Klaus Miriam Schiffer Danika Weisner Christian Liedtke J?rg J?kel Lieven Nils Kennes Ralf-Dieter Hilgers Norbert Wagner Nikolaus Gassler Institute of Pathology RWTH Aachen University Department of Pediatrics RWTH Aachen University Department of Medicine Ⅲ RWTH Aachen University Department of Medical Statistics RWTH Aachen University

AIM: To verify the hypothesis that caspase-8(Casp8), which regulates cellular apoptosis and necroptosis, is critically involved in enterocyte ***: Casp8-silenced Caco2 cells were used in migration assays. In addition, enterocyte-specific Casp8 heterozygous(Casp8+/?int) or homozygous knockout mice(Casp8?int) were generated by crossing genetically modified mice carrying lox P recombination sites in intron 2 and 4 of the murine Casp8 gene with transgenic animals expressing a cre-transgene under control of the villin promoter in a pure C57/BL6 genetic background. The nucleoside analog Brd U was injected i.p. in male Casp8+/?int and Casp8?int animals 4 h, 20 h, or 40 h before performing morphometric studies. Locations of anti-Brd U-immunostained cells(cellmax) in at least 50 hemi-crypts of 6 histoanatomically distinct intestinal mucosal regions were numbered and extracted for statistical procedures. For the mice cohort(n = 28), the walking distance of enterocytes was evaluated from cellmax within crypt(n = 57), plateau(n = 19), and villus(n = 172) positions, resulting in a total of 6838 observations. Data analysis was performed by fitting a three-level mixed effects modelto the ***: In cell culture experiments with Caco2 cells, Casp8 knockdown efficiency mediated by RNA interference on Casp8 transcripts was 80% controlled as determined by Western blotting. In the scratch assay, migration of Casp8-deleted Caco2 cells was significantly diminished when compared with controls(Casp8?scramble and Caco2). In Brd U-labeled Casp8?int mice, cellmax locations were found along the hemi-crypts in a lower position than it was for Casp8+/?int or control(cre-negative) animals. Statistical data analysis with a three-level mixed effects model revealed that in the six different intestinal locations(distinct segments of the small and large intestine), cell movement between the three mice groups differed widely. Especially in duodenal hemi-crypts, enterocyte movement w

关键词： Barrier function Caspase 8 Cell migration Inflammatory bowel disease Intestinal morphogenesis

The Seed Water Sorption Isotherm and Antioxidant-Defensive Mechanisms of <i>Hordeum vulgare</i>L. Primed Seeds

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第12期9卷 2385-2407页

作者： Pinpinatt Junhaeng Pitipong Thobunluepop Wanchai Chanprasert Damrongvudhi Onwimol Sutkhet Nakasathien elke Pawelzik Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand Division of Quality of Plant Products Department of Crop Sciences Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Georg-August-Universit&auml t Gö ttingen G&ouml ttingen Germany

The key successful for seed priming technique was the management of seed imbibition process. This study was aimed to indicate the seed moisture sorption characteristics of Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Samerng 2 in relation to the seed priming technique and its effect on the seed qualities. The experiment was designed by Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. Seed hydro-priming technique was done under 25 degree Celsius, and 40% - 60% RH. Barley seed moisture content was determined every hour after imbibition for 24 hours. Then, primed barley seed qualities were evaluated at 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 hours of hydrotime. The results revealed that barley seeds were imbibed rapidly from 10.55% to 37.69% seed moisture content during 0 - 9 hours of imbibition. The constantly seed moisture content was continued until 17 hours of imbibition. Radicle was protruded with 42.74% seed moisture content. Seed moisture sorption characteristic equation was Y = 0.0055x3- 0.267x2 + 4.5931x + 13.348. Coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.916. Primed seed germination was not affected by hydrotime. Primed seeds were improved in speed of germination and seedling growth rate. The best primed barley seed vigorous was noted at 14 - 16 hours of hydrotime. In addition, catalase activity (CAT) and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) were not significantly different for non-primed and 14 - 16 hours primed seeds. However, lipoxygenase activity (LOX) was increased and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was decreased for 14 - 16 hours primed seeds. Subsequently, 14 - 16 hours primed barley seeds can maintain high seed germination and vigor for 8 - 12 months under 5 degree Celsius. Thus, it could be concluded that hydro-priming for 14 - 16 hours enhances barley seed quality by reducing germination time, induced defenses mechanism, and could be stored for 8 - 12 months.

关键词： Seed Moisture Sorption Characteristic Barley Seed Hydro-Priming Seed Germination Speed of Germination Storability Defenses Mechanism

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移动传染病学实验室

实验与分析 2014年第6期 28-29页

作者： elke Oleson

车载移动流行性病学实验室的应用污染物对人类生存环境的威胁是一个急待解决的问题。作为用来监测化学产品的重要工具，联邦当局将样品收编到一个环境样品库。

关键词：实验室传染病学移动人类生存环境环境样品化学产品流行性污染物

Relationship of Grain Fructan Content to Degree of Polymerisation in Different Barleys

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第6期5卷 581-589页

作者： Csilla Nemeth Annica A.M.Andersson Roger Andersson elke Mangelsen Chuanxin Sun Per Aman Department of Food Science BioCentreSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences(SLU)UppsalaSweden Department of Plant Biology and Forest Genetics BioCentreSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences(SLU)UppsalaSweden

Fructans are important in the survival of plants and also valuable for humans as potentially health promoting food ingredients. In this study fructan content and composition were determined in grains of 20 barley breeding lines and cultivars with a wide variation in chemical composition, morphology and country of origin, grown at one site in Chile. There was significant genotypic variation in grain fructan content ranging from 0.9% to 4.2% of grain dry weight. Fructan degree of polymerisation (DP) was analysed using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). Changes in the distribution of different chain lengths and the pattern of structures of fructan were detected with increasing amount of fructan in the different barleys. A positive correlation was found between fructan content and the relative amount of long chain fructan (DP > 9) (r = 0.54, p = 0.021). Our results provide a basis for selecting promising barley lines and cultivars for further research on fructan in barley breeding with the aim to produce healthy food products.

关键词： Fructan Barley Hordeum vulgare L.

由D、L-苯丙乳酸盐消旋混合物酶法生产L-苯丙氨酸

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氨基酸和生物资源 1988年第2期16卷 43-49页

作者： elke Schmidt 毛绍麟武汉大学生物系

本文研究了在酶膜反应器中由D.L苯丙乳酸盐消旋混合物生产L-苯丙氨酸。反应的第一步消旋混合物在羟基异己酸脱氢酶作用下,脱氢生成本丙酮酸;第二步苯丙酮酸在苯丙氨酸脱氨酶作用下,还原胺化成L-苯丙氨酸。从化学计量来看,上述两步反应... 详细信息

本文研究了在酶膜反应器中由D.L苯丙乳酸盐消旋混合物生产L-苯丙氨酸。反应的第一步消旋混合物在羟基异己酸脱氢酶作用下,脱氢生成本丙酮酸;第二步苯丙酮酸在苯丙氨酸脱氨酶作用下,还原胺化成L-苯丙氨酸。从化学计量来看,上述两步反应均需要辅酶参加。第一步需要NAD,第二步需要NADH,在此反应中,辅酶可以直接再生而起到催化作用。由于铺酶被共价结合到聚乙二醇—2000上,所以铺酶就类似于其它三种酶一样保留在反应器中。为了由D.L-本丙乳酸盐能不断连续地生产L-苯丙氨酸,我们设计了反应动力学及反应器体系模型。按照上述模型,我们可以计算出反应器中三种酶的最适比率,辅酶的最适浓度,以及投料中苯丙酮酸的最适浓度。采用这一程序,我们用底物浓度为50mM D.L-苯芮乳酸盐,可获得28克/升L-苯丙氨酸。

关键词： L-苯丙氨酸乳酸盐消旋苯丙酮酸酶法生产还原胺化膜反应器体系模型共价结合脱氨酶

Computerized Cognitive Training in Healthy Older Adults:Baseline Cognitive Level and Subjective Cognitive Concerns Predict Training Outcome

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Health 2018年第1期10卷 20-55页

作者： elke Kalbe Christophe Bintener Anja Ophey Christian Reuter Stefan Gobel Silvie Kloters Gisela Baller Josef Kessler Department of Medical Psychology/Neuropsychology and Gender Studies&Center for Neuropsychological Diagnostics and Intervention(CeNDI) University Hospital CologneCologneGermany Institute of Gerontology Department of Psychological GerontologyUniversity of VechtaVechtaGermany Multimedia Communications Lab-KOM Technische Universitat DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany Department of Neurology University Hospital CologneCologneGermany

Computerized cognitive training (CCT) can improve cognition in older adults. However, specific programs for this target group have rarely been developed, and predictors of training success are largely unclear. In a randomized controlled pilot trial, we examined effects of a six-week CCT, tailored to the cognitive profile of healthy older adults (EG, n = 21) as compared to a nonspecific CCT (CG, n = 18) matched in frequency and intensity. No interaction effects between Group and Time were found. However, within-group analysis showed significant gains in verbal and non-verbal memory, executive and visuospatial functions and subjective cognitive concerns (SCC) in the EG, while the CG only benefitted in non-verbal memory and set-shifting. Low cognitive performance and lower SCC at baseline were the most consistent predictors of cognitive gains in the EG. Thus, CCTs specifically tailored to older adults seem advantageous compared to non-specific CCT. Further, we conclude that SCC may be related to reduced cognitive plasticity.

关键词： Computerized Cognitive Training Older Adults Subjective Cognitive Decline Psychoeducation Predictors

Dissociating Improvement of Attention and Intelligence during Written Language Acquisition in Adults

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International Journal of Intelligence Science 2011年第2期1卷 17-24页

作者： Steffen Landgraf Reinhard Beyer Ann Pannekamp Gesa Schaadt Darina Koch Manja Foth elke van der Meer 不详

About one tenth of the world’s population cannot read and write sufficiently. Cognitive abilities, such as selective attention and crystallized as well as fluid intelligence, have been defined as crucial factors for the acquisition of written language skills. However, it is unclear whether these abilities are necessary also for the alphabetization of adults. Before and after a one-year alphabetization course, we compared the attention and intelligence of 47 illiterate individuals to 41 matched literate controls who did not take part in the alphabetization course. Illiterate individuals improved in selective attention and crystallized intelligence from before to after the alphabetization course;however, they did not reach the same level of functioning as literate controls. In addition, the fluid intelligence of illiterates did not improve. More importantly, when controlling for attention improvement, we found that improvement in crystallized intelligence was associated with alphabetization above and beyond the influence of attention. Our results suggest that alphabetization is closely related to improvements in attention and crystallized intelligence. Specifically, socio-cultural, knowledge- specific learning processes improve during the acquisition of written language skills and may not depend on only the enhancement of the ability to attend to relevant stimuli. Alphabetization programs may, therefore, benefit from distinct considerations of attentional, intellectual, and literacy related skill acquisitions.

关键词： Alphabetization Course Illiterate Adults Crystallized Intelligence Fluid Intelligence Attention Written Language Acquisition

Collecting Statistical Methods for the Analysis of Climate Data as Service for Adaptation Projects

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American Journal of Climate Change 2015年第1期4卷 9-21页

作者： Barbara Hennemuth Steffen Bender Katharina Bülow Norman Dreier Peter Hoffmann elke Keup-Thiel Christoph Mudersbach Climate Service Center 2.0 Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Hamburg Germany Hamburg University of Technology Institute of River and Coastal Engineering Hamburg Germany German Meteorological Service Hamburg Germany Bochum University of Applied Sciences Institut für Wasser und Umwelt Bochum Germany

The development of adaptation measures to climate change relies on data from climate models or impact models. In order to analyze these large data sets or an ensemble of these data sets, the use of statistical methods is required. In this paper, the methodological approach to collecting, structuring and publishing the methods, which have been used or developed by former or present adaptation initiatives, is described. The intention is to communicate achieved knowledge and thus support future users. A key component is the participation of users in the development process. Main elements of the approach are standardized, template-based descriptions of the methods including the specific applications, references, and method assessment. All contributions have been quality checked, sorted, and placed in a larger context. The result is a report on statistical methods which is freely available as printed or online version. Examples of how to use the methods are presented in this paper and are also included in the brochure.

关键词： Statistical Methods Collection Climate Data Climate Adaptation

The association between critical life events, sociodemographic data and physical activity in the development of myocardial infarction in smokers and ex-smokers

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2012年第3期2卷 403-409页

作者： Anna Schmidt elke Driller Melanie Neumann Julia Jung Andrea Staratschek-Jox Christian Schneider Jürgen Wolf Holger Pfaff Department III for Internal Medicine University Hospital of Cologne Germany First Department of Internal Medicine Molecular Tumour Biology and Tumour Immunology & Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO) University Hospital of Cologne Germany Gerhard Kienle Institute for Medical Theory Integrative and Anthroposophic Medicine Integrated Curriculum for Anthroposophic Medicine (ICURAM) Medical Department of the Private University of Witten/Herdecke Germany Institute for Medical Sociology Health Services Research and Rehabilitation Science (IMVR) Faculty of Human Science and Fac- ulty of Medicine University of Cologne Germany LIMES (Life and Medical Sciences Bonn) Genomics and Immunoregulation University of Bonn Germany

Background: Psychosocial factors attract interest in investigating the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. Design This study aimed to examine the impact of critical life events on the development of myocardial infarction in smokers and ex-smokers. We hypothesized that critical life events increase the risk of the disease. Methods: Data were taken from the Cologne Smoking Study (CoSmoS), a retrospective multicentre case-control study that examines which psychosocial factors may lead to a higher risk for smokers and ex-smokers of suffering from a myocardial infarction. Our sample consisted of n = 278 myocardial infarction participants and control participants. Both groups had a history of smoking. Logistic regression was used in the analysis. Results: The study results of the smoking and ex-smoking participants showed that sociodemographic data like gender and age have an effect on the development of myocardial infarction. Physical activity seems to offer protection aganist myocardial infarction. Final, the unexpected result that the experience of at least one critical life event seems to have a positive effect on health and so lowers the risk of myocardial infarction. Conclusions: Socio-demographic data and physical activity have an effect on the development of myocardial infarction. Participants with experience of critical life events appear to be strengthened after the events and possess adequate resources to protect their health.

关键词： Life Events Physical Activity Myocardial Infarction Smokers