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Mixed reproduction strategy and polyploidy facilitate dominance of Kobresia pygmaea on the Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第1期9卷 87-99页

作者： elke Seeber Georg Miehe Isabell Hensen Yongping Yang Botany Department Senckenberg Museum of Natural History GörlitzPO Box 300154D-02806 GörlitzGermany Department of Geobotany and Botanical Garden University Halle-WittenbergAm Kirchtor 1D-06108 Halle(Saale)Germany Department of Geography University MarburgDeutschhausstraße 10D-35032 MarburgGermany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5eD-04103 LeipzigGermany Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesHeilongtan 650204KunmingChina Present address Department of GeographyUniversity MarburgDeutschhausstraße 10D-35032 MarburgGermany

Aims The sedge Kobresia pygmaea is the dominant species of high-altitude pastures in Tibet,and it is the most important source of forage in animal *** present the first comprehensive reproduction study for this perennial key species that adopts a molecular approach and tests how sexual and vegetative reproduction,as well as ploidy,relate to survival and dominance under harsh *** We assessed inflorescence numbers of *** across two Tibetan alpine pastures with differing grazing *** was tested in untreated diaspores and then following mechanical and chemical *** a 4-year experiment,we assessed diaspore viability and seed bank *** eight microsatellite markers,we recorded multilocus genotypes in hierarchical grids and measured their ploidy using flow *** analysis of variance models were used to analyse data on sexual reproduction,while the complement of the Simpson index and the Shannon diversity index were used to characterize the spatial distribution of multilocus genotypes and clonal *** Findings Inflorescence production was high and differed significantly between years(2010:617±460 SD;2012:2015±1213 SD)but not between grazing *** viability was high(94%)and gradually decreased after 3 and 4 years of storage in the *** not exposed to further scarification failed to germinate,while mechanical and chemical(H2SO4)scarification increased germination to 9 and 44%,*** diversity was high,although in situ germination was rarely *** genotypes intersected and covered a mean area of 0.74 *** individuals were found to be tetraploid,with only 0.8%of all ramets being *** conclude that *** survives on the Tibetan Plateau by employing a mixed reproduction strategy involving both sexual and clonal *** species’adaptability and dominance is further facilitated by its *** pasture restoration usi

关键词： alpine rangelands clonal diversity flow cytometry grazing microsatellite analyses

Evaluation of a Pointwise Local Visual Pattern Exploration Method

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2012年第4期17卷 429-439页

作者： Matthew O.Ward elke A.Rundensteiner Carolina Ruiz Department of Computer Science Worcester Polytechnic InstituteWorcesterMA 01609USA

Sensitivity analysis is a powerful method for discovering the significant factors that contribute to understanding the interaction between variables in multivariate datasets. A number of sensitivity analysis methods fall into the class of local analysis, in which the sensitivity is defined as the partial derivatives of a target variable with respect to a group of independent variables. In a recent paper, we presented a novel pointwise local pattern exploration system for visual sensitivity analysis. Using this system, analysts are able to explore local patterns and the sensitivity at individual data points, which reveals the relationships between a focal point and its neighbors this paper we present several evaluations of the system, including case studies with real datasets, user studies the effectiveness of the visualizations and interactions, and a detailed description of the experience of a user In on

关键词： knowledge discovery sensitivity analysis local pattern visualization evaluation

Transcriptome Analysis of High-Temperature Stress in Developing Barley Caryopses： Early Stress Responses and Effects on Storage Compound Biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2011年第1期4卷 97-115页

作者： elke Mangelsen Joachim Kilian Klaus Harter Christer Jansson Dierk Wanke Eva Sundberg Department of Plant Biology and Forest Genetics The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) PO Box 7080 SE-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Center of Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP) University of Tuebingen Auf der Morgenstelle 1 D-72076 Tvbingen Germany Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Earth Sciences Division 1 Cyclotron Rd Berkeley CA 94720 USA

High-temperature stress, like any abiotic stress, impairs the physiology and development of plants, including the stages of seed setting and ripening. We used the Affymetrix 22K Barley1 GeneChip microarray to investigate the response of developing barley （Hordeum vulgare） seeds, termed caryopses, after 0.5, 3, and 6 h of heat stress exposure; 958 induced and 1122 repressed genes exhibited spatial and temporal expression patterns that provide a detailed insight into the caryopses＇ early heat stress responses. Down-regulation of genes related to storage compound biosynthesis and cell growth provides evidence for a rapid impairment of the caryopsis＇ development. Increased levels of sugars and amino acids were indicative for both production of compatible solutes and feedback-induced accumulation of substrates for storage compound biosynthesis. Metadata analysis identified embryo and endosperm as primary locations of heat stress responses, indicating a strong impact of short-term heat stress on central developmental functions of the caryopsis. A comparison with heat stress responses in Arabidopsis shoots and drought stress responses in barley caryopses identified both conserved and presumably heat- and caryopsis-specific stress-responsive genes. Summarized, our data provide an important basis for further investigation of gene functions in order to aid an improved heat tolerance and reduced losses of yield in barley as a model for cereal crops.

关键词： Abiotic/environmental stress gene expression transcriptome analysis seed biology barley caryopsis crops heat shock.

Redox-Dependent Regulation of the Stress-Induced Zinc-Finger Protein SAP12 in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2009年第2期2卷 357-367页

作者： elke Stroeher Xin-Jia Wang Nils Roloff Peter Klein Arne Husemann Karl-Josef Dietz Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants Bielefeld University 33501 Bielefeld Germany

The stress-associated protein SAP12 belongs to the stress-associated protein （SAP） family with 14 members in Arabidopsis thaliana. SAP12 contains two AN1 zinc fingers and was identified in diagonal 2D redox SDS-PAGE as a protein undergoing major redox-dependent conformational changes. Its transcript was strongly induced under cold and salt stress in a time-dependent manner similar to SAP10, with high levels after 6 h and decreasing levels after 24 and 48 h. The tran- script regulation resembled those of the stress marker peroxiredoxin PrxllD at 24 and 48 h. Recombinant SAP12 protein showed redox-dependent changes in quaternary structure as visualized by altered electrophoretic mobility in non-reducing SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The oxidized oligomer was reduced by high dithiothreitol concentrations, and also by E. coli thioredoxin TrxA with low dithiothreitol （DTF） concentrations or NADPH plus NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase. From Western blots, the SAP12 protein amount was estimated to be in the range of 0.5 ngμg^-1 leaf protein. SAP12 protein decreased under salt and cold stress. These data suggest a redox state-linked function of SAP12 in plant cells particularly under cold and salt stress.

关键词： abiotic/environmental stress cold acclimation cell signaling gene expression Arabidopsis A20 and AN1 Zinc finger domains redox regulation stress associated protein thioredoxin.

Human intestinal acyl-CoA synthetase 5 is sensitive to the inhibitor triacsin C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第44期17卷 4883-4889页

作者： elke Kaemmerer Anne Peuscher Andrea Reinartz Christian Liedtke Ralf Weiskirchen Jürgen Kopitz Nikolaus Gassler Department of Pediatrics RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Institute of Pathology RWTH Aachen University Department of Plant Biotechnology Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME) Institute of Pathology RWTH Aachen University Department of Medicine Ⅲ RWTH Aachen University Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry RWTH Aachen University Institute of Pathology University of Heidelberg

AIM:To investigate whether human acyl-CoA synthetase 5(ACSL5) is sensitive to the ACSL inhibitor triacsin ***:The ACSL isoforms ACSL1 and ACSL5 from rat as well as human ACSL5 were cloned and recombinantly expressed as 6xHis-tagged *** 2+-affinity purified recombinant enzymes were assayed at pH 7.5 or pH 9.5 in the presence or absence of triacsin *** addition,ACSL5 transfected CaCo2 cells and intestinal human mucosa were ***5 expression in cellular systems was verified using Western blot and *** ACSL assay mix included TrisHCl(pH 7.4),ATP,CoA,EDTA,DTT,MgCl 2,[9,103 H] palmitic acid,and triton *** 200 μL reaction was initiated with the addition of solubilized,purified recombinant proteins or cellular *** were terminated after 10,30 or 60 min of incubation with Doles ***:Expression of soluble recombinant ACSL proteins was found after incubation with isopropyl betaD-1-thiogalactopyranoside and after ultracentrifugation these were further purified to near homogeneity with Ni 2+-affinity *** C selectively and strongly inhibited recombinant human ACSL5 protein at pH 7.5 and pH 9.5,as well as recombinant rat ACSL1(sensitive control),but not recombinant rat ACSL5(insensitive control).The IC50 for human ACSL5 was about 10 μmol/*** inhibitory triacsin C effect was similar for different incubation times(10,30 and 60 min) and was not modified by the N-or C-terminal location of the *** order to evaluate ACSL5 sensitivity to triacsin C in a cellular environment,stable human ACSL5 CaCo2 transfectants and mechanically dissected normal human intestinal mucosa with high physiological expression of ACSL5 were *** both models,ACSL5 peak activity was found at pH 7.5 and pH 9.5,corresponding to the properties of recombinant human ACSL5 *** the presence of triacsin C(25 μmol/L),total ACSL activity was dramatically diminished in human ACSL5 transfectants as well as in AC

关键词： Acyl-CoA synthetase 5 Fatty acid metabolism Mitochondria Triacsin C

ARGUS: Interactive visual analysis of disruptions in smartphone-detected Bio-Behavioral Rhythms

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Visual Informatics 2021年第3期5卷 39-53页

作者： Hamid Mansoor Walter Gerych Abdulaziz Alajaji Luke Buquicchio Kavin Chandrasekaran Emmanuel Agu elke Rundensteiner Worcester Polytechnic Institute USA

Human Bio-Behavioral Rhythms(HBRs)such as sleep-wake cycles(Circadian Rhythms),and the degree of regularity of sleep and physical activity have important health *** devices such as smartphones can sense HBRs by continuously analyzing data gathered passively by built-in sensors to discover important clues about the degree of regularity and disruptions in behavioral *** human behavior is complex and smartphone data is voluminous with many channels(sensor types),it can be challenging to make meaningful observations,detect unhealthy HBR deviations and most importantly pin-point the causes of *** work has largely utilized computational methods such as machine and deep learning approaches,which while accurate,are often not explainable and present few actionable insights on HBR patterns or *** assist analysts in the discovery and understanding of HBR patterns,disruptions and causes,we propose ARGUS,an interactive visual analytics *** a foundation of ARGUS,we design an intuitive Rhythm Deviation Score(RDS)that analyzes users’smartphone sensor data,extracts underlying twenty-four-hour rhythms and quantifies their degree of *** score is then visualized using a glyph that makes it easy to recognize disruptions in the regularity of *** also facilitates deeper HBR insights and understanding of causes by linking multiple visualization panes that are overlaid with objective sensor information such as geo-locations and phone state(screen locked,charging),and user-provided or smartphone-inferred ground truth *** array of visualization overlays in ARGUS enables analysts to gain a more comprehensive picture of HBRs,behavioral patterns and deviations from *** design of ARGUS was guided by a goal and task analysis study involving an expert versed in HBR and smartphone *** demonstrate its utility and generalizability,two different datasets were explored using ARGUS and our use ca

关键词： Interactive visual analytics Circadian rhythms Smartphone-sensed data

Enhanced migration of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase overexpressing hepatoma cells is attributed to gelatinases: Relevance to intracellular signaling pathways

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第8期11卷 1096-1104页

作者： elke Roeb Anja-Katrin Bosserhoff Sabine Hamacher Bettina Jansen Judith Dahmen Sandra Wagner Siegfried Matern Department of Internal Medicine Ⅲ Institute of Pathology

AIM: To study the effect of gelatinases (especially MMP-9) on migration of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) overexpressing hepatoma cells. METHODS: Wild type HepG2 cells, cells stably transfected with TIMP-1 and TIMP-1 antagonist (MMP-9-H401A, a catalytically inactive matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) which still binds and neutralizes TIMP-1) were incubated in Boyden chambers either with or without Galardin (a synthetic inhibitor of MMP-1, -2, -3, -8, -9) or a specific inhibitor of gelatinases. RESULTS: Compared to wild type HepG2 cells, the cells overexpressing TIMP-1 showed 115% migration (P<0.05) and the cells overexpressing MMP-9-H401A showed 62% migration (P<0.01). Galardin reduced cell migration dose dependently in all cases. The gelatinase inhibitor reduced migration in TIMP-1 overexpressing cells predominantly. Furthermore, we examined intracellular signal transduction pathways of TIMP-1-dependent HepG2 cells. TIMP-1 deactivates cell signaling pathways of MMP-2 and MMP-9 involving p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Specific blockade of the ERK pathway suppresses gelatinase expression either in the presence or absence of TIMP-1. CONCLUSION: Overexpressing functional TIMP-1-enhanced migration of HepG2-TIMP-l cells depends on enhanced MMP-activity, especially MMP-9.

关键词： HepG2 MMP-2 MMP-9 p38MAPK Galardin Genistein

Cellular Auxin Homeostasis： Gatekeeping Is Housekeeping

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Molecular Plant 2012年第4期5卷 772-786页

作者： Michel Ruiz Rosquete Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology University of Applied Life Sciences and Natural Resources (BOKU) 1190 Vienna Austria Department of Plant Systems Biology VIB and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent University 9052 Gent Belgium

The phytohormone auxin is essential for plant development and contributes to nearly every aspect of the plant life cycle. The spatio-temporal distribution of auxin depends on a complex interplay between auxin metabolism and cell-to-cell auxin transport. Auxin metabolism and transport are both crucial for plant development; however, it largely remains to be seen how these processes are integrated to ensure defined cellular auxin levels or even gradients within tissues or organs. In this review, we provide a glance at very diverse topics of auxin biology, such as biosynthesis, conjugation, oxidation, and transport of auxin. This broad, but certainly superficial, overview highlights the mutual importance of auxin metabolism and transport. Moreover, it allows pinpointing how auxin metabolism and transport get integrated to jointly regulate cellular auxin homeostasis. Even though these processes have been so far only separately studied, we assume that the phytohormonal crosstalk integrates and coordinates auxin metabolism and transport. Besides the integrative power of the global hormone signaling, we additionally introduce the hypothetical concept considering auxin transport components as gatekeepers for auxin responses.

关键词： auxin conjugation auxin homeostasis auxin metabolism auxin transport.

INPHOVIS:Interactive visual analytics for smartphone-based digital phenotyping

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Visual Informatics 2023年第2期7卷 13-29页

作者： Hamid Mansoor Walter Gerych Abdulaziz Alajaji Luke Buquicchio Kavin Chandrasekaran Emmanuel Agu elke Rundensteiner Angela Incollingo Rodriguez Worcester Polytechnic Institute USA

Digital phenotyping is the characterization of human behavior patterns based on data from digital devices such as smartphones in order to gain insights into the users’state and especially to identify *** support supervised machine learning,digital phenotyping requires gathering data from study participants’smartphones as they live their ***,participants are then asked to provide ground truth labels about their health *** such complex data is challenging due to limited contextual information and imperfect health/wellness *** propose INteractive PHOne-o-typing VISualization(INPHOVIS),an interactive visual framework for exploratory analysis of smartphone health data to study *** visualization work has focused on mobile health data with clear semantics such as steps or heart rate data collected using dedicated health devices and wearables such as ***,unlike smartphones which are owned by over 85 percent of the US population,wearable devices are less prevalent thus reducing the number of people from whom such data can be *** contrast,the‘‘low-level"sensor data(e.g.,accelerometer or GPS data)supported by INPHOVIS can be easily collected using *** visualizations are designed to provide the essential contextualization of such data and thus help analysts discover complex relationships between observed sensor values and health-predictive *** guide the design of INPHOVIS,we performed a hierarchical task analysis of phone-o-typing requirements with health domain *** then designed and implemented multiple innovative visualizations integral to INPHOVIS including stacked bar charts to show diurnal behavioral patterns,calendar views to visualize day-level data along with bar charts,and correlation views to visualize important wellness predictive *** demonstrate the usefulness of INPHOVIS with walk-throughs of use *** also evaluated INPHOVIS with expert feedb

关键词： Interactive visual analytics Smartphone-sensed data Digital phenotyping