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Blood biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease:important considerations for use in clinical practice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 205-206页

作者： Sarah Fullam Sean o’Dowd Antoinette o’Connor Department of Neurology Tallaght University HospitalDublinIreland Academic Unit of Neurology Trinity College DublinIreland

Introduction:Fluid and positron emission tomography(PET)biomarkers that enable the detection of the hallmark proteins of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)(amyloid and tau)have revolutionized our approach to the diagnosis of *** evolution of AD diagnostic criteria to include biological characterization(Alzheimer’s Association Working Group,2023)provides an appropriate framework to reduce levels of clinico-pathologic mismatch and improve in-vivo diagnostic *** the therapeutic landscape for neurodegenerative disease evolves,it is increasingly incumbent on clinicians to provide timely,and pathologically precise diagnoses for ***,the expensive and invasive nature of these tests limits their scalability.

关键词： Blood Alzheimer diagnosis

Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato Socodato João B.Relvas Institute of Research and Innovation in Health(i3S)and Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology(IBMC) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department of Biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNS)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNS’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

Contribution of mechanical forces to structural synaptic plasticity:insights from 3D cellular motility mechanisms

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1995-1996页

作者： Rita o.Teodoro Mafalda Ribeiro Ramos Lara Carvalho iNoVA4Health NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNMS|FCMUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboaPortugal

Cells,tissues,and organs are constantly subjected to the action of mechanical forces from the extracellular environment-and the nervous system is no ***-intrinsic properties such as membrane lipid composition,abundance of mechanosensors,and cytoskeletal dynamics make cells more or less likely to sense these *** and extrinsic cues are integrated by cells and this combined information determines the rate and dynamics of membrane protrusion growth or retraction(Yamada and Sixt,2019).Cell protrusions are extensions of the plasma membrane that play crucial roles in diverse contexts such as cell migration and neuronal synapse *** the nervous system,neurons are highly dynamic cells that can change the size and number of their pre-and postsynaptic elements(called synaptic boutons and dendritic spines,respectively),in response to changes in the levels of synaptic activity through a process called *** plasticity is a hallmark of the nervous system and is present throughout our lives,being required for functions like memory formation or the learning of new motor skills(Minegishi et al.,2023;Pillai and Franze,2024).

关键词： plasticity structural mechanisms

Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulation of serotonin neuron subpopulations in adulthood?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： Christopher J.o’Connell Matthew J.Robson Department of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA James L.Winkle College of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(Capizzi et al.,2020).TBIs are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such outcomes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pathology(Capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic

Coarse to Fine: The Role of Severe Plastic Deformation in Advancing Titanium-Based Medical Implants - A Comprehensive Review

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 295-306页

作者： Dragana R Mihajlović Bojan I Međo Ivana Lj Cvijović-Alagić Veljko R Djokić Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy University of BelgradeKarnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sci-ences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia University of Belgrade11001BeogradSerbia Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy Karnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia

This paper describes severe plastic deformation(SPD)procedures,which are utilized to form an ultrafine-grained structure in metallic *** the SPD process,a solid material sample is subjected to very high loads without a significant change in sample *** the present work,the high-pressure torsion(HPT)process,as one of the SPD techniques,which achieves a high degree of deformation and ensures refinement of the microstructure,will be discussed in more *** that grain size control is accepted as a method to obtain materials with desired characteristics,an overview of the properties of ultrafine-grained titanium-based biomaterials to be used in medicine is ***,particular attention is dedicated to the influences of HPT process parameters,primarily hydrostatic pressure,and number of revolutions during torsion,on the grain size and physical and mechanical characteristics(modulus of elasticity,microhardness,and tensile properties),corrosion resistance,and biocompatibility of the titanium-based biomaterials.A review of the literature indicates that titanium-based materials obtained by the SPD process show improved mechanical and physical properties without losing biocompatibility and corrosion resistance,which suggests that these methods of obtaining implants are something that should be further developed in the future.

关键词： high-pressure torsion process ultrafine-grained titanium-based materials electrochemical anodization physical properties mechanical properties

Dynamic stress concentration in an infinitely long cylindrical cavity due to a point spherical source embedded within a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 139-156页

作者： H.HoSSEINI o.BALILASHAKI Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringGolestan University

The effects of a harmonically exciting monopole source on an infinitely long cylindrical cavity embedded entirely within a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent are examined theoretically. It is assumed that the source is located outside the cavity at a specified distance from the borehole axis. The magnitudes of the hoop and radial stresses beside the pore pressures exerted on the interface and inside the porous medium surrounding the borehole are calculated and discussed. Biot's poroelastic modeling along with three types of boundary conditions for the cylindrical interface including the ideal fluid, empty borehole, and rigid inclusion with a hard boundary is employed for the analysis. Utilizing a proper translational addition theorem for expressing the incident spherical wave in terms of cylindrical wave expansions, the proposed boundary conditions at the interface are satisfied. Stresses are formulated by means of wave potential functions in a three-dimensional(3D) manner. The effects of the frequency and the radial distance between the source and borehole on the induced stresses are examined for the first cylindrical modes over frequency spectra. Two permeability conditions for the interface and three types of soils for the porous formation are considered throughout the analysis. To give an overall outline of the study, a numerical example is presented. The results clearly indicate that the distance is a key parameter and has considerable effects on the induced stress values. In addition, the interface permeability condition and soil characteristics play an important role in determining the dynamic response of the borehole. Finally,the obtained results are compared with the relevant analyses existing in the literature for some limit cases, and good agreement is achieved.

关键词： point source cylindrical cavity porous medium wave-field transformation stress concentration o353.4

Deep learning identification of novel autophagic protein-protein interactions and experimental validation of Beclin 2-Ubiquilin 1 axis in triple-negative breast cancer

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oncology research 2025年第1期33卷 67-81页

作者： Xiang Li Wenke Jin Lifeng Wu Huan Wang Xin Xie Wei Huang B o Liu State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 China. Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China.

Background:Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), characterized by its lack of traditional hormone receptors and HER2, presents a significant challenge in oncology due to its poor response to conventional therapies. Autophagy is an important process for maintaining cellular homeostasis, and there are currently autophagy biomarkers that play an effective role in the clinical treatment of tumors. In contrast to targeting protein activity, intervention with protein-protein interaction (PPI) can avoid unrelated crosstalk and regulate the autophagy process with minimal interference pathways.Methods:Here, we employed Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, and k-Nearest Neighbors to elucidate the complex PPI network associated with autophagy in TNBC, aiming to uncover novel therapeutic targets. Meanwhile, the candidate proteins interacting with Beclin 2 were initially screened in MDA-MB-231 cells using Beclin 2 as bait protein by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay, and the interaction relationship was verified by molecular docking and Co-IP experiments after intersection. Colony formation, cellular immunofluorescence, cell scratch and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) tests were used to predict the clinical therapeutic effects of manipulating candidate PPI.Results:By developing three PPI classification models and analyzing over 13,000 datasets, we identified 3733 previously unknown autophagy-related PPIs. our network analysis revealed the central role of Beclin 2 in autophagy regulation, uncovering its interactions with 39 newly identified proteins. Notably, the Co-IP studies identified the substantial interaction between Beclin 2 and Ubiquilin 1, which was anticipated by our model and discovered in immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay results. Subsequently, investigations showed that overexpressing Beclin 2 increased Ubiquilin 1, promoted autophagy-dependent cell death, and inhibited proliferation and metastasis in MDA-MB-231 cells.

关键词： Artificial intelligence (AI) Autophagy Beclin 2 Protein-protein interactions (PPI) Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) Ubiquilin 1

MEASURING AND LoCATING ZoNES oF CHAoS AND IRREGULARITY

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2014年第3期27卷 494-506页

作者： garner David Matthew LING Bingo Wing-Kuen Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Oxford Brookes UniversityHeadington CampusGipsy LaneOxford OX3 0BPUnited Kingdom University of Lincoln Brayford PoolLincolnLN6 7TSUnited Kingdom

The new measures computed here are the spectral detrended fluctuation anatysls （sDFA） and spectral multi-taper method （sMTM）. sDFA applies the standard detrended fluctuation analysis （DFA） algorithm to power spectra, sMTM exploits the minute increases in the broadband response, typical of chaotic spectra approaching optimal values. The authors chose the Brusselator, Lorenz, and Duffing as the proposed models to measure and locate chaos and severe irregularity. Their series of chaotic parametric responses in short time-series is advantageous. Where cycles have only a limited number of slow oscillations such as for systems biology and medicine. It is difficult to create, locate, or monitor chaos. From 50 linearly increasing starting points applied to the chaos target function （CTF）; the mean percentage increases in Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy （KS-Entropy） for the proposed chosen models; and p-values when the models were compared statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and ANoVA1 test with distributions assumed normal are Duffing （CTF： 31%： p 〈0.03）; Lorenz （CTF： 2%： p 〈0.03）, and I3russelator （CTF： 8%： p 〈0.01）. Principal component analysis （PCA） is applied to assess the significance of the objective functions for tuning the chaotic response. From PCA the conclusion is that CTF is the most beneficial objective function overall delivering the highest increases in mean KS-Entropy.

关键词： Chaos entropy optimization signal processing systems biology.

Clinical application of DNA ploidy to cervical cancer screening: A review

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World Journal of Clinical oncology 2014年第5期5卷 931-965页

作者： David garner Integrative oncology Department British Columbia Cancer Agency Vancouver V5Z 1L3 Canada

Screening for cervical cancer with DNA ploidy assessment by automated quantitative image cytometry has spread throughout China over the past decade and now an estimated 1 million tests per year are done there. Compared to conventional liquid based cytology, DNA ploidy has competitive accuracy with much higher throughput per technician. DNA ploidy has the enormous advantage that it is an objective technology that can be taught in typically 2 or 3 wk, unlike qualitative cytology, and so it can enable screening in places that lack sufficient qualified cytotechnologists and cytopathologists for conventional cytology. Most papers on experience with application of the technology to cervical cancer screening over the past decade were published in the Chinese language. This review aims to provide a consistent framework for analysis of screening data and to summarize some of the work published from 2005 to the end of 2013. of particular interest are a few studies comparing DNA ploidy with testing for high risk human papilloma virus(hrH PV) which suggest that DNA ploidy is at least equivalent, easier and less expensive than hrH PV testing. There may also be patient management benefits to combining hr HPV testing with DNA ploidy. Some knowledge gaps are identified and some suggestions are made for future research directions.

关键词： Cervical cancer screening DNA ploidy Automated quantitative image cytometry High risk HPV testing