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Male courtship signal modality and female mate preference in the wolf spider Schizocosa ocreata: results of digital multimodal playback studies

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Current Zoology 2019年第6期65卷 705-711页

作者： elizabeth C.KOZAK George W.UETZ Department of Biological Sciences University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHP.0.Box 260006USA45221-0006

Females must be able to perceive and assess male signals,especially when they occur simultaneously with those of other *** studies show female Schizocosa ocreata wolf spiders display receptivity to isolated visual or vibratory courtship signals,but increased receptivity to multimodal *** is unknown whether this is true when females are presented with a choice between simultaneous multimodal and isolated unimodal male *** used digital playback to present females with a choice simulating simultaneous male courtship in different sensory modes without variation in information content:1)isolated unimodal visual versus vibratory signals;2)multimodal versus vibratory signals;and 3)multimodal versus visual *** choosing between isolated unimodal signals(visual or vibratory),there were no significant differences in orientation latency and number of orientations,approaches or receptive displays directed to either *** given a choice between multimodal versus vibratory-only male courtship signals,females were more likely to orient to the multimodal stimulus,and directed significantly more orients,approaches and receptivity behaviors to the multimodal *** presented with a choice between multimodal and visual-only signals,there were significantly more orients and approaches to the multimodal signal,but no significant difference in female *** suggest that signal modes are redundant and equivalent in terms of qualitative responses,but when combined,multimodal signals quantitatively enhance detection and/or *** study confirms the value of testing preference behavior using a choice paradigm,as female preferences may depend on the context(e.g.,environmental context and social context)in which they are presented with male signals.

关键词： mate choice multimodal communication Schizocosa signaling wolf spider

Effects of excluding bottom-disturbing mobile fishing gear on abundance and biomass of groundfishes in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary,USA

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 134-143页

作者： Briana K.BROWN elizabeth SOULE Les KAUFMAN Biology Department Boston University

The Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary （southern Gulf of Maine, northwest Atlantic） is partially overlapped by the Western Gulf of Maine Closure Area （WGMCA）. This is a region in which mobile, bottom-disturbing fishing gear has been banned by the New England Fishery Management Council to facilitate the rebuilding of depleted gronndfish populations. We assessed the effects and effectiveness of the WGMCA on groundfish assemblages using habitat-stratified （gravel, sand, mixed benthic habitats） sampling by means of a commercial trawler, inside and outside of the WGMCA. Sampling occurred over three mouth-long sampling periods in 2004-2005, two during the spring seasons and one during the fall season. A total of 18 species were analyzed for protection effects. After controlling for substratum, location and sampling season, eight groundfish species exhibited higher mean proportional abundance inside than outside the WGMCA while two were proportionally more abundant on average outside of the closure. Four species had higher mean proportional biomasses on average inside the closure and three outside. We conclude that the WGMCA may be achieving its goal of rebuilding abundance and biomass for some commercially targeted groundfishes but not all. This study, six to seven years post-closure establishment, reveals fine-scale spatial and taxonomic complexity which will require a very different monitoring protocol than the one currently in place if adaptive management is to be successful in the region [Current Zoology 56 （1）： 134-143, 2010].

关键词： Effects of fishing Groundfish Gulf of Maine Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary Trawl closure

Deployment of a short-term geophysical field survey to monitor acoustic signals associated with the Windsor Hum

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2018年第4期2卷 351-358页

作者： elizabeth A.Silber Department of Earth Environmental and Planetary Sciences Brown University Department of Physics and Astronomy Western University

The Hum is a widespread phenomenon, reported in many parts of the world. It manifests itself in the form of a hum, rumble and pulsing, often felt as a sensation more than an audible sound. Starting in 2011, residents of Windsor, Ontario, Canada started reporting intermittent low frequency sound, widely referred to as the Hum(and dubbed the Windsor Hum). This report outlines the deployment of a short term geophysical field survey, performed during 2013 in Windsor, Ontario, Canada, aimed at monitoring the airwave signals associated with the Windsor Hum. The summary of the low frequency sound array deployment is presented and discussed.

关键词： infrasound noise low frequency the Hum atmosphere

Engineering of a genome-reduced host: practical application of synthetic biology in the overproduction of desired secondary metabolites

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Protein & Cell 2010年第7期1卷 621-626页

作者： Hong Gao Ying Zhuo elizabeth Ashforth Lixin Zhang CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology&Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100101China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Synthetic biology aims to design and build new biological systems with desirable properties,providing the foundation for the biosynthesis of secondary *** most prominent representation of synthetic biology has been used in microbial engineering by recombinant DNA ***,there are advantages of using a deleted host,and therefore an increasing number of biotechnology studies follow similar strategies to dissect cellular networks and construct genomereduced *** review will give an overview of the strategies used for constructing and engineering reduced-genome factories by synthetic biology to improve production of secondary metabolites.

关键词： synthetic biology reduced-genome secondary metabolite

Orotic Acid, More Than Just an Intermediate of Pyrimidine de novo Synthesis

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2015年第5期42卷 207-219页

作者： Monika L?ffler elizabeth A.Carrey Elke Zameitat Institute of Physiological Chemistry Faculty of Medicine Philipps University Marburg UCL Institute of Child Health University College London

It is timely to consider the many facets of the small molecule orotic acid （OA）, which is well-known as an essential intermediate of pyrimidine de novo synthesis. In addition, it can be taken up by erythrocytes and hepatocytes for conversion into uridine and for use in the pyrimidine recycling pathway. We discuss the link between dietary orotate and fatty liver in rats, and the potential for the alleviation of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia. We address the development of orotate derivatives for application as anti-pyrimidine drugs, and of com- plexes with metal ions and organic cations to assist therapies of metabolic syndromes. Recent genetic data link human Miller syndrome to defects in the dihydroorotate dehydrogenase （DHODH） gene, hence to depleted orotate production. Another defect in pyrimidine biosynthesis, the orotic aciduria arising in humans and cattle with a deficiency of UMP synthase （UMPS）, has different symptoms. More recent work leads us to conclude that OA may have a role in regulating gene transcription.

关键词： Orotic acid Pyrimidines Orotic aciduria Miller syndrome Gene defects

Protocoled thrombolytic therapy for frostbite improves phalangeal salvage rates

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Burns & Trauma 2020年第1期8卷 338-346页

作者： Rosemary elizabeth Paine elizabeth Noel Turner Daniel Kloda Carolyne Falank Bruce Chung Damien Wilson Carter Department of Surgery Maine Medical Center22 Bramhall StPortlandMaine 04102USA Department of Radiology Maine Medical Center22 Bramhall StPortlandMaine 04102USA

Background:Frostbite is a cold injury that has the potential to cause considerable morbidity and long-term *** the complexity of these patients,diagnostic and treatment practices lack *** therapy has emerged as a promising treatment modality,demonstrating impressive digit salvage *** review our experience with thrombolytic therapy for severe upper extremity ***:Retrospective data on all frostbite patients evaluated at our institution from December 2017 to March 2018 was collected.A subgroup of patients with severe frostbite treated with intraarterial thrombolytic therapy(IATT)were ***:Of the 17 frostbite patients treated at our institution,14(82%)were male and the median age was 31(range:19–73).Substance misuse was involved in a majority of the cases(58.8%).Five(29.4%)patients with severe frostbite met inclusion criteria for IATT and the remaining patients were treated *** demonstrated a 74.5%improvement in perfusion after tissue plasminogen activator *** comparing phalanges at risk on initial angiography to phalanges undergoing amputation,the phalangeal salvage rate was 83.3%and the digit salvage rate was 80%.Complications associated with IATT included groin hematoma,pseudoaneurysm and retroperitoneal ***:Thrombolytic therapy has the potential to greatly improve limb salvage and functional recovery after severe frostbite when treated at an institution that can offer comprehensive,protocoled thrombolytic therapy.A multi-center prospective study is warranted to elucidate the optimal treatment strategy in severe frostbite.

关键词： Frostbite Tissue plasminogen activator Amputation Digit salvage Thrombolysis

The Perpetual Crisis of Journalism： Cable and Digital Revolutions

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2015年第1期8卷 49-59页

作者： elizabeth Butler Breese Panorama Education Cambridge MA USA

There pervasive sense today that journalism is in crisis is an expression of the perpetual crisis of American journalism. The crisis of American journalism is articulated through a narrative of decline that warns that the future of journalism will be worse than the past. Through discourse analysis of the introduction of new technologies and a new news anchor in journalism, this study shows that the dis- course of crisis and grave doubts about the future of professional journalism are not new. Today and in previous eras, the past seems to represent the high mark of professional journalism in the USA, and the future of the news seems exceptionally uncertain. These perennial claims of the decline of journalism serve to reinforce the sacred ideals and standards of journalism.

关键词： News · Journalism · Crisis · Cultural sociology · Cable news · Twitter

Plant Growth Promoting Fungal and Bacterial Endophytes of Tall Fescue: A Review

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Grass Research 2022年第1期2卷 14-19页

作者： elizabeth Lewis Roberts Southern Connecticut State University New Haven Connecticut06515USA

Plant growth promoting bacteria(PGPB)directly and indirectly influence the fitness of their host *** much of the work on plant growth promoting bacteria is from various plant rhizospheres,less is known about the strains that inhabit the internal spaces of plant ***,Clavicipitalean fungal endophytes of cool season grasses have been intensely investigated for the past few *** plant growth promoting bacteria,the fungal endophytes also promote the health of their *** paper highlights the current knowledge of plant growth promoting bacterial and fungal endophytes of tall fescue(Lolium arundinaceum=Schedonorus arundinaceaus=Festuca arundinacea)which protect the plant from both abiotic and biotic *** of the work presented indicates just how little is known about the inter-relationships between the multiple endophytic microbial colonizers of turf grasses.

关键词： donor intense spaces

Quantification of changes in zero valent iron morphology using X-ray computed tomography

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第11期25卷 2344-2351页

作者： Ping Luo elizabeth H.Bailey Sacha J.Mooney Division of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences School of Biosciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington CampusSutton Bonington

Morphological changes within the porous architecture of laboratory scale zero valent iron （ZVI） permeable reactive barriers （PRBs）, after exposure to different groundwater conditions, have been quantified experimentally for different ZVI/sand ratios （10%, 50% and 100%, W/W） with the aim of inferring porosity changes in field barriers. Column studies were conducted to simulate interaction with different water chemistries, a synthetic groundwater, acidic drainage and deionised （DI） water as control. Morphological changes, in terms of pore size and distribution, were measured using X-ray computed tomography （CT）. CT image analysis revealed significant morphological changes in columns treated with different water chemistries. For example, 100% ZVI （W/W） columns had a higher frequency of small pores （0.6 mm） was observed in ZVI grains reacted with typical groundwater, resulting in a porosity of 27%, compared to 32% when exposed to DI water. In comparison, ZVI grains treated with the acidic drainage had higher porosity （44%） and larger average pore size （2.8 mm）. 10% ZVI PRB barrier material had the highest mean porosity （56%） after exposure to any water chemistry whilst 100% ZVI （W/W） columns always had the lowest （34%） with the 50% ZVI （W/W） in between （40%）. These results agree with previously published PRB field data and simultaneously conducted geochemical monitoring and mass balance calculation, indicating that both the geochemical and hydraulic environment of the PRB play an important role in determining barrier lifespan. This study suggests that X-ray CT image analysis is a powerful tool for studying the detailed inter pores between ZVI grains within PRBs.

关键词： porosity change X-ray computer tomography mass balance permeable reactive barrier zero valent iron acidic drainage typical groundwater pore-clogging