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Semantic Segmentation of Lumbar Vertebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on Spine Magnetic Resonance Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshmi S V V Shiloah elizabeth Darmanayagam Sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Information technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed view of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerves,intervertebral discs,and vertebrae,Magnetic Resonance Imaging is thought to be the most effective method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of vertebrae plays a major role in the diagnostic process of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically partition the vertebrae in Magnetic Resonance Images from the surrounding variety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and intervertebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achieves high segmentation *** work proposes a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering convolutional layer that incorporates the Meijering filter to perform the semantic segmentation of lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5 and sacral vertebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images expanded from t1-weighted mid-sagittal MRI images of 515 patients in the Lumbar Spine MRI Dataset publicly available from Mendeley *** proposed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar vertebrae gives better performance with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(PA),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DSC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean Intersection over Union(mean IoU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： Computer aided diagnosis(CAD) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) semantic segmentation lumbar vertebrae deep learning U-Net model

POSSIBLE CLINICAL USES OF GAStROINtEStINAL HORMONE RECEPtOR AGONIStS AND ANtAGONIStS

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胃肠病学 1998年第3期3卷 130-131页

作者： Dr.Robert t.jensen National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institute of Health BethesdaMaryland USANational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institute of HealthBethesdaMaryland USA

the structure and pharmacologic effectsof more than 50 gastrointestinal peptideshave been described. However,their physic-logical roles in normal processes or roles inpathological processes are largely *** is primarily due to the lack of re-ceptor-specific agonists or antagonists. How-ever,this is change rapidly at present for anumber of *** receptor

关键词： physic ceptor thyroid analogues largely reasons medullary antitumor somatostatin Hodgkin

Deletion of Mitochondrial Porin Alleviates Stress Sensitivity in the Yeast Model of Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2015年第12期42卷 671-684页

作者： Waruenada Kanprasoet Laran t.jensen Suwimon Sriprach Kanate thitiananpakorn Khanti Rattanapornsompong Amornrat Naranuntarat.jensen Department of Pathobiology Faculty of Science Mahidol University Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science Mahidol University toxicology Graduate Program Faculty of Science Mahidol University

Shwachman-Diamond syndrome （SDS） is a multi-system disorder characterized by bone marrow failure, pancreatic insufficiency, skeletal abnormalities, and increased risk of leukemic transformation. Most patients with SDS contain mutations in the Shwachman- Bodian-Diamond syndrome gene （SBDS）, encoding a highly conserved protein that has been implicated in ribosome biogenesis. Emerging evidence also suggests a distinct role of SBDS beyond protein translation. Using the yeast model of SDS, we examined the underlying mechanisms that cause cells lacking Sdolp, the yeast SBDS ortholog, to exhibit reduced tolerance to various stress conditions. Our analysis indicates that the environmental stress response （ESR）, heat shock response （HSR）, and endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response （UPR） of sdolA cells are functional and that defects in these pathways do not produce the phenotypes observed in sdolh yeast. Depletion of mitochondlial DNA （mtDNA） was observed in sdolh cells, and this is a probable cause of the mitochondrial insufficiency in SDS. Prior disruption of POR1, encoding the mitochondrial voltage dependent anion channel （VDAC）, abrogated the effects of SD01 deletion and substantially restored resistance to environmental stressors and protected against damage to mtDNA. Conversely, wild-type cells over-expressing POR1 exhibited growth impairment and increased stress sensitivity similar to that seen in sdolA cells. Overall, our results suggest that specific VDAC inhibitors may have therapeutic benefits for SDS patients.

关键词： Shwachman-Diamond syndrome Oxidative stress Yeast Porin Mitochondria

Investigating bee dietary preferences along a gradient of floral resources:how does resource use align with resource availability?

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Insect Science 2021年第2期28卷 555-565页

作者： tyler t.Kelly elizabeth Elle Evolutionary and Behavioural Ecology Research Group Department of Biological SciencesSimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyCanada

Bee dietary preferences,or the floral resources that they consistently collect,likely impact where a species can *** this reason it is likely that bee dietary preferences are dependent upon the composition of the plant *** this study,we evaluated floral visits and pollen loads of the mining bee,Andrena angustitarsata Viereck,across a 630 km north-south range to understand dietary preferences along a floral resource *** research,in a more geographically limited area,suggested this species was an eclectic oligolege on predominantly Apiaceae and in part *** the present study we found the species predominately visited and collected pollen from Apiaceae and Rosaceae,but visited 12 flower families and collected pollen from 32,distinguishing them as generalist *** frequency of Apiaceae pollen on the bees and the species-level specialization index(a measure of visit specialization)were higher in regions with higher Apiaceae *** addition Apiaceae and Rosaceae were the only plant families significantly preferred for pollen collection,regardless of floral *** conclude that across our study region *** has a generalist dietary breadth,but also has dietary preference for Apiaceae and *** study indicates that while bees may overall make generalist foraging decisions they may still prefer and likely benefit from selecting fewer flower taxa.

关键词： andrenidae dietary breadth ecoregions oak-savanna pollen specialization

Important of case-reports/series, in rare diseases: Using neuroendocrine tumors as an example

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2014年第11期2卷 608-613页

作者： taichi Nakamura Hisato Igarashi tetsuhide Ito Robert t.jensen Cell Biology Section NIDDK National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland MD 20814 United States Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 812-8581Japan

At present the publishing of case reports or case series involving small numbers of cases is controversial. While in the past they were commonly published by most journals, recently a number of prominent journals have either stopped publishing them or markedly reduced the numbers published. However, recently an increasing case is being made for their value and a number of new journals have been started devoted specifically to their publication. One of the arguments used for their value is their prominent role in rare diseases either in their recognition, full description or development of treatments. However this aspect has not been specifically studied. In this editorial this aspect is specifically examined using their role in neuroendocrine tumors as an example. Furthermore, the background of the controversy is briefly reviewed to better understand the context of this editorial.

关键词： Case report Case series Neuroendocrine tumors Carcinoids Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor

Hydrogen——A sustainable energy carrier

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2017年第1期27卷 34-40页

作者： Kasper t.M?ller torben R.jensen Etsuo Akiba Hai-wen Li Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (i NANO) and Department of Chemistry Aarhus University International Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Kyushu University WPI International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER) Kyushu University Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Kyushu University

Hydrogen may play a key role in a future sustainable energy system as a carrier of renewable energy to replace hydrocarbons. this review describes the fundamental physical and chemical properties of hydrogen and basic theories of hydrogen sorption reactions, followed by the emphasis on state-of-the-art of the hydrogen storage properties of selected interstitial metallic hydrides and magnesium hydride, especially for stationary energy storage related utilizations. Finally, new perspectives for utilization of metal hydrides in other applications will be reviewed.

关键词： A sustainable energy carrier Hydrogen

ntegrated approach to winery waste： waste generation and data consolidation

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第1期10卷 168-176页

作者： Margarida OLIVEIRA elizabeth DUARtE Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA) University of Lisbon 1349-017 Lisboa Portugal Escola Superior Agrairia de Santarem (ESAS) Instituto Superior Politecnico de Santarem 2001-904 Santarem Portugal

the winemaking process involves the genera- tion of a significant amount of waste and wastewater. these residues should be addressed for recycling or treatment before being returned to environment. As each winery is unique in waste generation and disposal, plans for environmentally friendly waste management are not universal and should be tested for their effectiveness. In this study, a diagnostic was made during three years, in different wineries, throughout Portugal, in order to quantify and characterize the waste and the wastewater produced. the results showed that solid waste and wastewater are mainly produced during the harvest period, corresponding to 74% and 87%, respectively. One ton of processed grape approximately produce 0.13 t marc, 0.06 t lees, 0.03 t of stalks and 1.65 m3 of wastewater. No significant differences （P≤0.05） were observed for grape marc, lees and wastewater ratios, between years or wineries. With respect to the stalk ratio, there was no effect of year but the winery significantly affected this ratio （P ≤ 0.05）. During the study period the treated wastewater, since diluted, revealed suitable characteristics for irrigation representing an additional source of water. In this regard, the data acquisition and consolidation ensure the transfer of information and experience which constitute an essential step in a support decision tool design.

关键词： waste management wastewater reuse winerywastewater

Screening of SLC25A13 mutation in the thai population

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第43期19卷 7735-7742页

作者： Parith Wongkittichote Chonlaphat Sukasem Atsuo Kikuchi Wichai Aekplakorn Laran t.jensen Shigeo Kure Duangrurdee Wattanasirichaigoon Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine Faculty of ScienceMahidol UniversityBangkok 10400Thailand Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Department of PathologyFaculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok 10400Thailand Department of Pediatrics Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendai 980-8577Japan Department of Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok 10400Thailand Department of Biochemistry Faculty of ScienceMahidol UniversityBangkok 10400Thailand Division of Medical Genetics Department of PediatricsFaculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok10400 Thailand

AIM: to determine the prevalence of SLC25A13 mutations in the thai population.MEtHODS: A total of 1537 subjects representing the thai population were screened for a novel pathologic allele ***1? (c.2t > C) and six previously known common SLC25A13 mutations: [I] (c.851_854delGtAt), [II] (***11 + 1G > A), [III] (c.1638_1660dup), [IV] (p.S225X), [V] (IVS13 + 1G > A), and [XIX] (***16ins3kb) using a newly developed taqMan and established HybProbe assay, respectively. Sanger sequencing was employed for specimens showing an aberrant peak to confirm the targeted mutation as well as the unknown aberrant peaks detected. Frequencies of the mutations identified were compared in each region. Carrier frequency and disease prevalence of citrin deficiency caused by SCL25A13 mutations were estimated.RESULtS: ***1? was identified in the heterozygous state in 85 individuals, giving a carrier frequency of 1/18, which suggests possible selective advantage of this variant. the question of ***1? homozygote lethality remains unanswered which may serve as an explanation as to why this homozygote has yet to be identified in patients/controls even with high allele frequency. the ***1? mutation has rarely been studied in populations other than thai and Chinese; therefore, may have been overlooked. Development of the taqMan assay in the present study would allow a simple, rapid, and cost-effective method for mass screening. Heterozygous mutations: [XIX] and [I] were identified in 17 individuals, giving a carrier rate of 1/90 and a calculated homozygote rate of 1/33000. two novel variants, ***11 + 17C > G and c.1311C > t, of unknown clinical significance were identified at low frequency.CONCLUSION: this study highlighted the current underestimation of citrin deficiency and suggests the possible selective advantage of the ***1? allele.

关键词： Aspartate-glutamate carrier Isoform 2 Citrin deficiency type II citrullinemia Neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency SLC25A13

the role of the trkB-t1 receptor in the neurotrophin-4/5 antagonism of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on corticostriatal synaptic transmission

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第11期15卷 1973-1976页

作者： elizabeth Hernandez-Echeagaray Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina FES-Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexicoMexico

this manuscript reviews the function and fundamental characteristics of the neurotrophins and their receptors to introduce the reader to the differential effects exhibited by the neurotrophins;brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin 4/5 when acted together after sequential *** neurotrophin 4/5 exhibits an inhibitory action on the modulatory effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in corticostriatal synapses when they are administered sequentially(brain-derived neurotrophic factor to neurotrophin 4/5).this inhibitory effect has not been previously documented and is relevant for these neurotrophins as both of them stimulate the trkB *** additive effect of these neurotrophins is also discussed and occurs when neurotrophin 4/5 exposure is followed by brain-derived neurotrophic factor in a mouse model of striatal *** and additive effects of both neurotrophins are accompanied by changes in the expression of the trkB receptor isoforms,specifically trkB-t1 and trkB-FL,as well as differences in phosphorylation levels of the trkB *** results of the experiments described raise several questions to inquire about the role that trkB-t1 receptor plays in striatal physiology,as well as the functional relevance of the interaction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin 4/5 in the brain and more specifically at the striatal circuits in normal as well as pathological conditions.

关键词： brain-derived neurotrophic factor neurotrophin 4/5 occlusive striatum synergic trkB-FL trkB-t1