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Semantic Segmentation of Lumbar Vertebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on Spine Magnetic Resonance Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshmi S V V Shiloah elizabeth Darmanayagam Sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Information Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed view of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerves,intervertebral discs,and vertebrae,Magnetic Resonance Imaging is thought to be the most effective method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of vertebrae plays a major role in the diagnostic process of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically partition the vertebrae in Magnetic Resonance Images from the surrounding variety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and intervertebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achieves high segmentation *** work proposes a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering convolutional layer that incorporates the Meijering filter to perform the semantic segmentation of lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5 and sacral vertebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images expanded from T1-weighted mid-sagittal MRI images of 515 patients in the Lumbar Spine MRI Dataset publicly available from Mendeley *** proposed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar vertebrae gives better performance with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(PA),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DSC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean Intersection over Union(mean IoU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： Computer aided diagnosis(CAD) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) semantic segmentation lumbar vertebrae deep learning U-Net model

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护理学校归属感量表的汉化及信效度检验

护理学杂志 2025年第2期40卷 5-8页

作者：崔元耀张琳张迪房洁 Patel Sarah elizabeth 德州学院健康医学院山东德州253023 山东大学齐鲁医院德州医院健康管理中心 School of Nursing and Health Studies University of Missouri-Kansas City

目的汉化护理学校归属感量表,并检验中文版护理学校归属感量表的信效度。方法依据Brislin原则翻译护理学校归属感量表,由8名专家评价中文版护理学校归属感量表的内容效度。2022年8月至2023年10月,采用中文版护理学校归属感量表调查330... 详细信息

目的汉化护理学校归属感量表,并检验中文版护理学校归属感量表的信效度。方法依据Brislin原则翻译护理学校归属感量表,由8名专家评价中文版护理学校归属感量表的内容效度。2022年8月至2023年10月,采用中文版护理学校归属感量表调查330名护理本科生以检验其信效度。结果中文版护理学校归属感量表包含4个分量表共19个条目。量表水平的内容效度指数为0.947,条目水平的内容效度指数为0.875~1.000,量表的Cronbach′sα系数为0.965。探索性因子分析提取4个公因子,累计方差贡献率为83.766%;验证性因子分析结果显示,χ^(2)/df=2.672,RMSEA=0.088,CFI=0.938,RMR=0.027,NFI=0.906,IFI=0.939。结论中文版护理学校归属感量表信效度良好,可用于测评护理专业学生的学校归属感水平。

关键词：护理本科生归属感学校归属感临床实践评估工具信度效度护理教育

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科学家怎么用DeepSeek

Men becoming fathers by injection were more often age intracytoplasmic sperm born small for gestational

科学大观园 2025年第5期 32-33页

作者： elizabeth gibney

科研人员正在测试这个开源模型执行科研任务的能力——从数学一直到认知科学。两周前，一家中国公司推出的DeepSeek-R1让美国股市大幅震荡——DeepSeek-R1是一款平价但强大的人工智能（AI）“推理”模型。经过反复测试，DeepSeek-R1回...

科研人员正在测试这个开源模型执行科研任务的能力——从数学一直到认知科学。两周前，一家中国公司推出的DeepSeek-R1让美国股市大幅震荡——DeepSeek-R1是一款平价但强大的人工智能（AI）“推理”模型。经过反复测试，DeepSeek-R1回答数学和科学问题的能力与o1模型不相上下——o1是由加州旧金山OpenAI公司去年9月推出的一款模型，OpenAI的推理模型一直被视为行业顶尖水准。

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第1期19卷 103-106页

作者： Susanne Liffner Mats Hammar Marie Bladh elizabeth Nedstrand Heriberto Rodriguez martinez Gunilla Sydsjo Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Linkoping University SE-581 85 LinkopingSweden

Being born with nonoptimal birth characteristics decreases the chance of becoming a father. Urogenital malformations as well as metabolic syndrome are more common in men born small for gestational age （SGA） and could be contributing factors to the reduced fertility rate seen in these men. It could imply that men becoming fathers by assisted reproductive technology （ART） more often are born with low birth weight （LBW）, preterm, and/or SGA than men conceiving without treatment and also that men where intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） had to be performed more often are born with nonoptimal birth characteristics than men where conventional in vitro fertilization （IVF） successfully could be used. In this retrospective, case-control study using Swedish national registers, we compared the birth characteristics of 1206 men who have become fathers by ART with a control group consisting of age-matched men who became fathers without treatment. The differences in birth characteristics between men becoming fathers by IVF and ICSI were also assessed. For men becoming fathers by ART, OR of being born with LBW was 1.66 （95% CI = 1.17-2.36） compared with fathers who conceived without treatment. OR of being born prematurely was 1.32 （95% CI = 1.00-1.77）. Men becoming fathers via ICSI had a doubled increased likelihood of being born SGA compared with men who became fathers via IVF （OR = 2.12; 95% CI = 1.17-3.83）. In conclusion, we have found that men becoming fathers by ICSI treatments had more often been born SGA than men becoming fathers by conventional IVF.

关键词： infertility intracytoplasmic sperm injection in vitro fertilization low birth weight preterm small for gestational age

应用CRISP清单,提升我国全科医学和基本医疗研究报告的质量

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中国全科医学 2025年第4期28卷 393-401页

作者：杨辉汪洋陈庆奇刘晨曦顾杰赵洋秦江梅曹新阳 elizabeth Sturgiss William R.Phillips 许岩丽 Monash大学公共卫生与预防医学学院澳大利亚墨尔本市VIC 3168 上海市全科医学与社区卫生发展研究中心 200090 同济大学附属杨浦医院全科医学科上海市200090 香港大学家庭医学及基层医疗学系中国香港特别行政区999077 华中科技大学同济医学院医药卫生管理学院湖北省武汉市430000 复旦大学附属中山医院全科医学科上海市200032 复旦大学附属中山医院国际医疗部上海市200032 新南威尔士大学乔治全球健康研究院澳大利亚悉尼2050 墨尔本大学人口与全球健康学院澳大利亚墨尔本3010 国家卫生健康委卫生发展研究中心北京市100044 《中国全科医学》杂志社有限公司北京市100053 School of Primary and Allied Health Care Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustraliaVIC 3168 University of Washington SeattleWashington98195

基本医疗(初级保健)研究报告内容的条目共识(CRISP)工作组于2023年提出了CRISP清单,以支持改善上述领域研究报告的质量、实用性和传播性。《中国全科医学》英文版的学术编辑团队对CRISP清单进行了中文翻译,并通过这篇述评,在回顾我国全... 详细信息

基本医疗(初级保健)研究报告内容的条目共识(CRISP)工作组于2023年提出了CRISP清单,以支持改善上述领域研究报告的质量、实用性和传播性。《中国全科医学》英文版的学术编辑团队对CRISP清单进行了中文翻译,并通过这篇述评,在回顾我国全科医学和基本医疗研究的内涵和发展现状的基础上,归纳了该领域的科研报告中目前存在的主要问题,如“以作者为中心”“过度重视塑造权威性”“盲目生搬国际经验”“缺乏对方法学的透明报告”“在论文中压入大量冗繁信息”以及“遮蔽关键信息”等。最后,编辑团队推荐和鼓励中国的全科医学和基本医疗服务研究的作者、编辑和学术评议专家尝试使用CRISP清单,在改善中国全科医学和基本医疗研究报告质量的同时,进一步完善该工具在学科发展研究、临床研究、卫生服务研究、卫生政策研究、教育和培训研究以及社区流行病学研究等亚领域中的应用。

关键词：全科医学基本医疗研究报告内容共识

Impact of psychosocial comorbidities on clinical outcomes after liver transplantation: Stratification of a high-risk population

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World Journal of Hepatology 2019年第8期11卷 638-645页

作者： Neil Bhogal Amaninder Dhaliwal elizabeth Lyden Fedja Rochling Marco Olivera-martinez Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 United States Department of Biostatistics Division of Public Health University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 United States

BACKGROUND Liver transplantation is the accepted standard of care for end-stage liver disease due to a variety of etiologies including decompensated cirrhosis, fulminant hepatic failure, and primary hepatic malignancy. There are currently over 13000 candidates on the liver transplant waiting list emphasizing the importance of rigorous patient selection. There are few studies regarding the impact of additional psychosocial barriers to liver transplant including financial hardship, lack of caregiver support, polysubstance abuse, and issues with medical noncompliance. We hypothesized that patients with certain psychosocial comorbidities experienced worse outcomes after liver transplantation. AIM To assess the impact of certain pre-transplant psychosocial comorbidities on outcomes after liver transplantation. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on all adult patients from 2012-2016. Psychosocial comorbidities including documented medical non-compliance, polysubstance abuse, financial issues, and lack of caregiver support were collected. The primary outcome assessed post-transplantation was survival. Secondary outcomes measured included graft failure, episodes of acute rejection, psychiatric decompensation, number of readmissions, presence of infection, recidivism for alcohol and other substances, and documented caregiver support *** For the primary outcome, there were no differences in survival. Patients with a history of psychiatric disease had a higher incidence of psychiatric decompensation after liver transplantation (19% vs 10%, P = 0.013). Treatment of psychiatric disorders resulted in a reduction of the incidence of psychiatric decompensation (21% vs 11%, P = 0.022). Patients with a history of polysubstance abuse in the transplant evaluation had a higher incidence of substance abuse after transplantation (5.8% vs 1.2%, P = 0.05). In this cohort, 15 patients (3.8%) were found to have medical compliance issues in the transplant evaluation. Of

关键词： Liver transplantation Recidivism Psychosocial decompensation Noncompliance Transplant psychiatry

Plasticity as panacea？ Nerves, hormones, and the currencies of trade-offs

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Current Zoology 2015年第2期61卷 251-264页

作者： elizabeth BASTIAANS elizabeth SWANGER Department of Ecology Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota MN 55108 USA

Phenotypic plasticity is nearly universal among organisms, and evidence indicates that plasticity can exhibit additive genetic variation and respond to selection. These findings have important implications for our understanding of how plasticity may be constrained and how its mechanistic structure may affect its evolution. Many life history trade-offs may be conceptua- lized as plastic traits, with individuals varying in their position along trade-off axes due to genetic differences, developmental plasticity, or short-term plasticity occurring throughout an individual＇s lifetime. Behavioral plasticity is key to understanding when organisms are likely to encounter trade-offs, whether those trade-offs can be mitigated, and how the tradc-offs affect the ecology and evolution of populations. In this review, we discuss hormonal and neural mechanisms that may influence how plastic behavioral traits are expressed and evolve. We also outline a classification of life history trade-offs and their mechanistic bases and discuss the currencies most likely to mediate each category of trade-off and bow they are tied to the mechanisms by which animals express their behaviors.

关键词： Phenotypic plasticity Life history trade-offs Hormones Neural tissue

Advanced breast cancer metastasized in the brain: treatment standards and innovations

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2023年第1期9卷 170-184页

作者： elizabeth Klaas Eric Sung Esaan Azizi Melanie martinez Arnav Barpujari Jeffery Roberts Brandon Lucke-Wold Department of Neurosurgery University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32610USA

Breast cancer continues to be a difficult disease to treat due to high rates of *** to the brain presents a unique and often overlooked *** this focused review,we discuss the epidemiology of breast cancer and which types frequently metastasize to the *** treatment approaches are highlighted with supporting scientific *** role of the blood-brain barrier and how it may become altered with metastasis is *** then highlight new innovations for Her2-positive and triple-negative breast ***,recent directions for luminal breast cancer are *** review serves to enhance understanding of pathophysiology,spark continued innovation,and provide a user-friendly resource through tables and easy-to-process figures.

关键词： Breast cancer innovation blood-brain barrier luminal metastasis new directions

The effectiveness of eyespots and masquerade in protecting artificial prey across ontogenetic and seasonal shifts

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Current Zoology 2022年第4期68卷 451-458页

作者： elizabeth G Postema Department of Entomology and Nematology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

When constraints on antipredator coloration shift over the course of development,it can be advantageous for animals to adopt different color strategies for each life *** caterpillars in the genus Papilio exhibit unique ontogenetic color sequences:for example,early instars that masquerade as bird feces,with later instars possessing eyespots.I hypothesize that larvae abandon feces masquerade in favor of eyespots due to ontogenetic changes in signaler *** ontogenetic pattern also occurs within broader seasonal shifts in background color and predator activity.I conducted predation experiments with artificial prey to determine how potential signaling constraints(specifically size and season)shape predation risk,and consequently the expression of ontogenetic color change in Papilio ***,both predation and background greenness declined significantly from July to September,though there was little evidence that these patterns impacted the effectiveness of either color *** size and color strongly affected the attack rate of avian predators:attacks increased with prey size regardless of color,and eyespotted prey were attacked more than masquerading prey *** results may reflect a key size-mediated tradeoff between conspicuousness and intimidation in eyespotted prey,and raise questions about how interwoven aspects of behavior and signal environment might maintain the prevalence of large,eyespotted larvae in nature.

关键词： ontogenetic color change eyespots masquerade predator-prey dynamics season