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Factors early in life associated with hepatic steatosis

World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第6期14卷 1235-1247页

作者： Sabrina Xin Zi Quek Eunice Xiang-Xuan Tan Yi Ping Ren Mark Muthiah Evelyn Xiu Ling Loo elizabeth huiwen tham Kewin Tien Ho Siah Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineNational University HospitalSingapore 119228Singapore National University Centre for Organ Transplantation National University Health SystemSingapore 119228Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Department of Medicine National University HospitalSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Paediatrics Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeKhoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical InstituteNational University HospitalNational University Health SystemSingapore 119228Singapore Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences Agency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchSingapore 117609Singapore

BACKGROUND The rise in prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)mirrors the obesity *** is insidious but may gradually progress from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis,fibrosis and cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular *** strategies to ameliorate developmental programming of NAFLD may be more efficacious during critical windows of developmental *** To review the early developmental factors associated with *** Databases MEDLINE via PubMed,and EMBASE and Reference Citation Analysis were searched and relevant publications up to April 30,2021 were *** research studies that included risk factors associated with early development of NAFLD in human subjects were *** factors include:Maternal factors,intrauterine and prenatal factors,post-natal factors,genetic and ethnic predisposition,childhood and adolescence environmental *** were excluded if they were review articles or animal studies,case reports or conference abstracts,or if NAFLD was not clearly defined and assessed *** Of 1530 citations identified by electronic search,420 duplicates were *** the 1110 citations screened from title and abstract,80 articles were included in the final *** polymorphisms such as patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3(PNPLA3)and membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing protein 7(MBOAT7)were associated with increased risk of *** factors such as maternal obesogenic environment and parental history of hepatic steatosis was associated with offspring *** duration of exclusive breastfeeding in infancy was associated with a lower risk of developing NAFLD later in life while metabolic dysfunction and/or obesity in adolescence was associated with increased risk of *** relating to socioeconomic factors and its association with NAFLD reported confounding *** Maternal metabolic dysfunction during pr

关键词： Epidemiology Natural history Obesity Fatty liver Developmental

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Emerging radiotherapy technologies and trends in nasopharyngeal cancer

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Cancer Communications 2020年第9期40卷 395-405页

作者： Michelle Tseng Francis Ho Yiat Horng Leong Lea ChoungWong Ivan WK tham Timothy Cheo Anne WM Lee Radiation Oncology Centre Mt Elizabeth Novena HospitalSingapore 329563Singapore Department of Clinical Oncology the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospitalthe University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077P.R.China

AbTechnology has always driven advances in radiotherapy *** this review,we describe the main technological advances in radiotherapy over the past decades for the treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer(NPC)and highlight some of the pressing issues and challenges that *** aim to identify emerging trends in radiation *** include advances in personalized medicine and advanced imaging modalities,standardization of planning and delineation,assessment of treatment response and adaptive re-planning,impact of particle therapy,and role of artificial intelligence or automation in clinical *** conclusion,we expect significant improvement in the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy treatment for NPC over the next decade.

关键词： adaptive planning artificial intelligence nasopharyngeal cancer particle therapy personalized medicine radiotherapy

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What is the current role of endoscopy in primary sclerosing cholangitis?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2015年第10期7卷 920-927页

作者： Benjamin Tharian Nayana elizabeth George Tony Chiew Keong tham Center for Interventional Endoscopy Florida Hospital Orlando FL 32803 United States Western Hospital Melbourne Victoria 3011 Australia Division of Gastroenterology Ulster Hospital N Ireland BT16 1RH Belfast United Kingdom

Endoscopy has important roles in the management of primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC),ranging fromnarrowing down the differential diagnoses,screening for complications,determining prognosis and *** the need for a diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)may be obviated by a positive magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP),a negative MRCP does not exclude PSC and may therefore necessitate an ERCP,which is traditionally regarded as the gold *** this editorial we have not covered the endoscopic management of inflammatory bowel disease in the context of PSC nor of endoscopic surveil ance and treatment of portal hypertension complicating PSC.

关键词： Sclerosing cholangitis Endoscopic retrogradecholangiopancreatography Endosonography Cholangiocarcinoma Stents Fluorescence in situ hybridizationtechnique Biochemical markers

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