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Degradation and resynthesis of chlorophyll during increased oxidative stress and prolonged darkness differ between annual and perennial flax(Linum L.)

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 121-130页

作者： Kenyon j. Nisbett Abida Alokozai Su Hyun elizabeth Ko G. Adam Mott jason C.L. Browna Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoONCanada Department of Cell&Systems Biology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution&Function University of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Among plants,there is considerable variation in lifespan:annuals live less than one year,whereas perennials live for several years,with the longest-living perennial having survived 43,600 *** proposed by the Disposable Soma Theory,this lifespan variation among plants likely reflects differential investment of limited energy and nutrient resources,with perennials investing more energy and nutrients into biomolecular maintenance compared to annuals in order to ensure persistence over multiple *** differential investment may be particularly important during periods of exogenous stress,which are known to accelerate biomolecular *** present study evaluated this hypothesis using annual and perennial flax(Linum L.)subjected to two exogenous stressors—increased oxidative stress(i.e.,foliar H2O2spraying)and complete prolonged *** chlorophyll has been shown to exhibit degradation in response to changes in environmental conditions,we utilized changes in chlorophyll levels during and after periods of exogenous stress to evaluate our *** predicted that i)perennials would exhibit a slower rate of chlorophyll degradation during exposure to exogenous stressors compared to annuals,and ii)perennials would exhibit a faster rate of chlorophyll resynthesis following such exposure compared to *** levels before,during,and after exposure to both exogenous stressors were measured in two separate trails,once using image colour analysis and once using *** chlorophyll degradation rates in response to oxidative stress did not differ between annuals and perennials,contrary to our predictions,chlorophyll resynthesis rates following such exposure were significantly higher in perennials,as *** plants were subjected to complete prolonged darkness,chlorophyll degradation rates were significantly lower in perennials than annuals,as predicted;however,when plants were subsequently reintroduced to natural photoperiod,ch

关键词： Ageing Life history Maximum lifespan Oxidative stress Somatic maintenance

Temporal trends and practice variation of paediatric diagnostic tests in primary care:retrospective analysis of 14 million tests

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第4期12卷 1-8页

作者： elizabeth T Thomas Diana R Withrow Cynthia Wright Drakesmith Peter j Gill Rafael Perera-Salazar Carl Heneghan Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences University of OxfordOxfordUK Department of Pediatrics University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada Hospital for Sick Children TorontoOntarioCanada

Objective The primary objective was to investigate temporal trends and between-practice variability of paediatric test use in primary *** and analysis This was a descriptive study of population-based data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum primary care consultation records from 1 january 2007 to 31 December *** aged 0–15 who were registered to one of the eligible 1464 general practices and had a diagnostic test code in their clinical record were *** primary outcome measures were(1)temporal changes in test rates measured by the average annual percent change,stratified by test type,gender,age group and deprivation level and(2)practice variability in test use,measured by the coefficient of *** 14299598 diagnostic tests were requested over 27.8 million child-years of observation for 2542101 *** test use increased by 3.6%/year(95%CI 3.4 to 3.8%)from 399/1000 child-years to 608/1000 child-years,driven by increases in blood tests(8.0%/year,95%CI 7.7 to 8.4),females aged 11–15(4.0%/year,95%CI 3.7 to 4.3),and children from the most socioeconomically deprived group(4.4%/year,95%CI 4.1 to 4.8).Tests subject to the greatest temporal increases were faecal calprotectin,fractional exhaled nitric oxide and vitamin *** classified as high-use and high-practice variability were iron studies,coeliac testing,vitamin B12,folate,and vitamin *** In this first nationwide study of paediatric test use in primary care,we observed significant temporal increases and practice variability in *** reflects inconsistency in practice and diagnosis rates and a scarcity of evidence-based *** test use generates more clinical activity with significant resource implications but conversely may improve clinical *** research should evaluate whether increased test use and variability are warranted by exploring test indications and test results and directly examine how increased test use impacts

关键词： vitamin nationwide stratified

A novel diagnostic gene region for distinguishing between two pest fruit flies:Bactrocera tryoni(Froggatt)and Bactrocera neohumeralis(Hardy)(Diptera:Tephritidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1285-1295页

作者： Melissa L.Starkie elizabeth V.Fowler Alexander M.Piper Xiaocheng Zhu Pauline Wyatt David Gopurenko Matt N.Krosch Francesca Strutt Karen F.Armstrong Hamish Patrick Mark K.Schutze Mark j.Blacket Department of Agriculture and Fisheries BiosecurityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Agriculture Victoria AgriBioBundooraVictoriaAustralia Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia Forensic Services Group Queensland Police ServiceBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Pest-management and Conservation Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand Better Border Biosecurity(B3 B3nz.org.nz)LincolnNew Zealand

Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera neohumeralis are morphologically similar sibling pest fruit fly species that possess different biological attributes,geographic distributions,and host *** need to differentiate between the two species is critical for accurate pest status assessment,management,biosecurity,and maintenance of reference *** morphologically similar,adults may be separated based on subtle characters;however,some characters exhibit intraspecific variability,creating overlap between the two ***,there is currently no single molecular marker or rapid diagnostic assay that can reliably distinguish between *** and ***;therefore,ambiguous samples remain *** we report the first molecular marker that can consistently distinguish between *** and *** diagnostic region consists of two adjacent single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)within the pangolin(pan)gene *** confirmed the genotypes of each species are consistent across their distributional range,then developed a tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS)PCR assay for rapid diagnosis of the *** assay utilizes four primers in multiplex,with two outer universal primers,and two internal primers:one designed to target two adjacent SNPs(AA)present in *** and the other targeting adjacent SNPs present in ***(GG).The assay accurately discriminates between the two species,but their SNP genotypes are shared with other nontarget tephritid fruit fly ***,this assay is most suited to adult diagnostics where species confirmation is necessary in determining ambiguous surveillance trap catches;maintaining pure colony lines;and in Sterile Insect Technique management responses.

关键词： ARMS-PCR colony molecular diagnostics pangolin tetra-primer

Supportive care in transplantation: A patient-centered care model to better support kidney transplant candidates and recipients

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World journal of Transplantation 2024年第4期14卷 15-28页

作者： Anita Slominska Katya Loban elizabeth Anne Kinsella julie Ho Shaifali Sandal MEDIC Program Research Institute of the McGill University Health CentreMontreal H4A3J1QCCanada Institute of Health Sciences Education Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesMcGill UniversityMontreal H4A3J1QCCanada Department of Medicine University of ManitobaWinnipeg R3A1R9MBCanada Department of Medicine McGill University Health CentreMontreal H4A3J1QCCanada

Kidney transplantation(KT),although the best treatment option for eligible patients,entails maintaining and adhering to a life-long treatment regimen of medications,lifestyle changes,self-care,and *** patients experience uncertain outcome trajectories increasing their vulnerability and symptom burden and generating complex care *** when transplants are successful,for some patients the adjustment to life post-transplant can be challenging and psychological difficulties,economic challenges and social isola-tion have been *** 50%of patients lose their transplant within 10 years and must return to dialysis or pursue another transplant or conservative *** paper documents the complicated journey patients undertake before and after KT and outlines some initiatives aimed at improving patient-centered care in transplantation.A more cohesive approach to care that borrows its philosophical approach from the established field of supportive oncology may improve patient experiences and *** propose the"supportive care in transplantation"care model to operationalize a patient-centered approach in *** model can build on other ongoing initiatives of other scholars and researchers and can help advance patient-centered care through the entire care continuum of kidney transplant recipients and ***-dimensionality,multi-disciplinarity and evidence-based approaches are proposed as other key tenets of this care *** conclude by proposing the potential advantages of this approach to patients and healthcare *** Tip:Kidney transplant recipients and candidates face several uncertainties in their care journey and have several expressed unmet healthcare *** recommend a structured and comprehensive approach to transplant care across the entire continuum of a transplant patient’s journey similar to what has been developed in the field of *** supportive care in transplantation model can operational

关键词： Supportive care Kidney transplantation Death Graft failure Adverse outcomes Kidney transplant recipients

Crystal Structure of the MAP3K TAO2 Kinase Domain Bound by an Inhibitor Staurosporine

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2006年第6期38卷 385-392页

作者： elizabeth j.GOLDSMITH USA TX 75390-9038 Department of Biochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathways are ubiquitous ineukaryotic cells,which transfer signals from the cell surface to the nucleus,controlling multiple *** are activated by MAPK kinases [MAP2Ks or MAP/extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK) kinases (MEK)],which in turn are activated by MAPK kinase kinases (MAP3Ks).TAO2 is a MAP3Klevel kinase that activates the MAP2Ks MEK3 and MEK6 to activate p38 *** p38 MAPKs arekey regulators of expression of inflammatory cytokines,they appear to be involved in human diseases suchas asthma and *** an upstream activator of p38s,TAO2 represents a potential drug *** we report the crystal structure of active TAO2 kinase domain in complex with staurosporine,a broad-range protein kinase inhibitor that inhibits TAO2 with an ICof 3 μ*** structure reveals that staurosporineoccupies the position where the adenosine of ATP binds in TAO2,and the binding of the inhibitor mimicsmany features of ATP *** polar and nonpolar interactions contribute to the *** induces conformational changes in TAO2 residues that surround the inhibitormolecule,but causes very limited global changes in the *** structure provides atomic details forTAO2-staurosporine interactions,and explains the relatively low potency of staurosporine against *** structure presented here should aid in the design of inhibitors specific to TAO2 and related kinases.

关键词： TAO2 MAP3K inhibitor staurosporine crystal structure

重症监护室护士限制治疗努力的能力:整合性综述

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International journal of Nursing Sciences 2024年第1期11卷 143-154,I0003页

作者： Elvia R.Lopez-Panza Vanessa C.Pacheco-Roys Kelly j.Fernandez-Ahumada Diana C.Díaz-Mass María Y.Exposito-Concepcion elizabeth Villarreal-Cantillo Cesar I.Aviles Gonzalez Nursing Department Universidad del NorteBarranquillaColombia Nursing Program Faculty of Health SciencesUniversidad Popular del CesarValleduparColombia Clínica Valledupar ValleduparColombia Hospital Universidad del Norte SoledadColombia Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health University of CagliariCittadella Universitaria di MonserratoCagliariItaly

目的在重症监护病房(IntensiveCareUnit,ICU),护土难免会遇到需要限制治疗努力(limiting therapeutie efort,LTE)的患者,尽管多数护士还缺乏为这些临终患者及其家庭提供支持的准备。本综述旨在描述ICU护士在LTE中需要具备的能力。方法对... 详细信息

目的在重症监护病房(IntensiveCareUnit,ICU),护土难免会遇到需要限制治疗努力(limiting therapeutie efort,LTE)的患者,尽管多数护士还缺乏为这些临终患者及其家庭提供支持的准备。本综述旨在描述ICU护士在LTE中需要具备的能力。方法对2010年--2023年发表的文献进行综述。系统检索了5个数据库:Medline、Wiley Online Library、SciELO、ScienceDirect和Web of Science。使用关键评估项目工具西班牙语版(Critical Appraisal Skills Programme in Spanish,CASPe)作为评判性阅读工具。使用牛津循证医学中心(Center for Evidence-Based Medicine.,CEBM)评估工具确定证据级别和推荐强度。结果共纳入25篇文献。ICU护士LTE护理的能力包括对患者的直接护理、以家庭为中心的护理以及护士在团队中的作用。该综述确定了3个类别的能力:作为患者、家庭与跨学科团队之间维护者的能力,在LTE方面的决策能力,在患者生命末期治疗和护理干预的能力。结论ICU护士在LTE方面需要具备相应的能力,这对患者的生活质量死亡尊严以及患者家庭应对悲伤的全面支持至关重要。

关键词：重症监护家庭支持重症监护病房护士的作用安宁疗护专业能力

Geographic variation in sexual selection and implications for speciation in the Barn Swallow

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Chinese Birds 2015年第1期5卷 30-42页

作者： elizabeth SC Scordato Rebecca j Safran Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology The University of Colorado

Barn Swallows(Hirundo rustica), a group of passerine birds comprised of six closely related subspecies, are well known throughout their nearly worldwide distribution, in part because of their close association with human settlements.A tractable species for both individual-based and population-level studies, Barn Swallows are a prominent model system in evolutionary, ecological, and behavioral research. Here we review work on sexual selection and population divergence in this species complex, focusing on comparative studies among populations and *** summarize variation in the targets of mate choice and in the information conveyed by sexually selected traits, and conclude that the benefits advertised by different traits may vary geographically. Finally, we consider the role of sexual selection as a driver of population divergence in this widespread and phenotypically variable species complex.

关键词： Barn Swallow Geographic variation Natural selection Sexual selection Speciation Tail streamers Ventral color

CHO cell cytotoxicity and genotoxicity analyses of disinfection by-products： An updated review

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 64-76页

作者： elizabeth D.Wagner Michael j.Plewa Safe Global Water Institute University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1101 W Peabody Dr. Urbana IL 61801 United States Department of Crop Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1101 W Peabody Dr. Urbana IL 61801 United States

The disinfection of drinking water is an important public health service that generates high quality, safe and palatable tap water. The disinfection of drinking water to reduce waterborne disease was an outstanding public health achievement of the 20 th *** unintended consequence is the reaction of disinfectants with natural organic matter,anthropogenic contaminants and bromide/iodide to form disinfection by-products（DBPs）.A large number of DBPs are cytotoxic, neurotoxic, mutagenic, genotoxic, carcinogenic and teratogenic. Epidemiological studies demonstrated low but significant associations between disinfected drinking water and adverse health effects. The distribution of DBPs in disinfected waters has been well defined by advances in high precision analytical chemistry. Progress in the analytical biology and toxicology of DBPs has been *** objective of this review was to provide a detailed presentation of the methodology for the quantitative, comparative analyses on the induction of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of103 DBPs using an identical analytical biological platform and endpoints. A single Chinese hamster ovary cell line was employed in the assays. The data presented are derived from papers published in the literature as well as additional new data and represent the largest direct quantitative comparison on the toxic potency of both regulated and emerging *** data may form the foundation of novel research to define the major forcing agents of DBP-mediated toxicity in disinfected water and may play an important role in achieving the goal of making safe drinking water better.

关键词： DBPs Mammalian cell cytotoxicity Mammalian cell genotoxicity

Quantification of changes in zero valent iron morphology using X-ray computed tomography

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第11期25卷 2344-2351页

作者： Ping Luo elizabeth H.Bailey Sacha j.Mooney Division of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences School of Biosciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington CampusSutton Bonington

Morphological changes within the porous architecture of laboratory scale zero valent iron （ZVI） permeable reactive barriers （PRBs）, after exposure to different groundwater conditions, have been quantified experimentally for different ZVI/sand ratios （10%, 50% and 100%, W/W） with the aim of inferring porosity changes in field barriers. Column studies were conducted to simulate interaction with different water chemistries, a synthetic groundwater, acidic drainage and deionised （DI） water as control. Morphological changes, in terms of pore size and distribution, were measured using X-ray computed tomography （CT）. CT image analysis revealed significant morphological changes in columns treated with different water chemistries. For example, 100% ZVI （W/W） columns had a higher frequency of small pores （0.6 mm） was observed in ZVI grains reacted with typical groundwater, resulting in a porosity of 27%, compared to 32% when exposed to DI water. In comparison, ZVI grains treated with the acidic drainage had higher porosity （44%） and larger average pore size （2.8 mm）. 10% ZVI PRB barrier material had the highest mean porosity （56%） after exposure to any water chemistry whilst 100% ZVI （W/W） columns always had the lowest （34%） with the 50% ZVI （W/W） in between （40%）. These results agree with previously published PRB field data and simultaneously conducted geochemical monitoring and mass balance calculation, indicating that both the geochemical and hydraulic environment of the PRB play an important role in determining barrier lifespan. This study suggests that X-ray CT image analysis is a powerful tool for studying the detailed inter pores between ZVI grains within PRBs.

关键词： porosity change X-ray computer tomography mass balance permeable reactive barrier zero valent iron acidic drainage typical groundwater pore-clogging