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Imp.rted malaria cases in former endemic and non-malaria endemic areas in China:are there differences in case p.ofile and time to resp.nse?

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Infectious Diseases of p.verty 2019年第4期8卷 99-100页

作者： Shao-Sen Zhang Jun Feng Li Zhang Xiang Ren elizabeth Geoffroy Sylvie Manguin Roger Frutos Shui-Sen Zhou National Institute of p.rasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchKey Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of HealthNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesMinistry of Science and TechnologyWHO Collaborating Center for Tropical DiseasesShanghaiChina 不详

Background:China has achieved zero indigenous malaria case rep.rt in ***,along with the increasing of international coop.ration develop.ent,there is an increasing number of imp.rted malaria cases from Chinese nationals returning from malaria-affeaed *** studies have focused on malaria endemic areas in *** is thus limited information on non-endemic areas in China,esp.cially on the p.rformance of malaria surveillance and resp.nse in health ***:A comp.rative retrosp.ctive study was carried out based on routine malaria surveillance data collected from 2013 to *** imp.rted malaria cases rep.rted within the mainland of China were *** used in the comp.rative analysis between cases in former endemic and former non-endemic areas,included age,gender and occup.tion,destination of overseas travel,p.asmodium sp.cies and p.tient health *** aggregated data was used to comp.re seasonal and sp.tial *** distribution and sp.tial-temp.ral aggregation analyses were *** to diagnosis and rep.rt,method of diagnosis,and level of rep.rting/diagnosing health facilities were used to assess p.rformance of health ***:A total of 16733 malaria cases,out of which 90 were fatal,were recorded in 31 *** majority of cases(96.2%)were rep.rted from former malaria endemic areas while 3.8%were rep.rted from former non-malaria endemic *** in the age class from 19 to 59 years and males made the highest p.op.rtion of cases in both *** were significant differences between occup.tional categories in the two areas(p.c 0.001).In former endemic areas,the largest p.op.rtion of cases was among outdoor workers(80%).Two p.aks(June,January)and three p.aks(June,Sep.ember and January)were found in former endemic and former non-endemic areas,*** between the onset of symp.oms and diagnosis at clinics was significantly different between the two areas at d

关键词： Imp.rted malaria Non-malaria endemic area Malaria endemic area Surveillance and resp.nse Health facilities p.rformance

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IMp.RTANCE OF HYDROLOGY, SOIL AND VEGETATIONIN WETLAND RESEARCH

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湿地科学 2003年第2期1卷 128-135页

作者： elizabeth J.Johnson p.ter L.M.Veneman XING Baos-han Dep.. of p.ant and Soil Science Univ. of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USADept. of Plant and Soil Science Univ. of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USANortheast Institute of Geography and Agro-ecology CASHarbin 150040P R China Dep.. of p.ant and Soil Science Univ. of Massachusetts Amherst MA01003USA

Wetlands, one of the most p.oductive systems in the biosp.ere are a unique ecosystem. They occur in landscap.s that favor the p.nding or slow runoff of surface water, discharge of ground water, or both. Wetlands are not only imp.rtant for maintaining p.ant and animal diversity, but also for balancing global carbon budget via sequestrating or releasing CO2 from/into atmosp.ere dep.nding on their management. Therefore, it is imp.rative to understand how wetlands form and function, then we can better manage, utilize, and p.otect these unique ecosystems. Hydrie soils,hydrop.ytic vegetation, and wetland hydrology are the three main p.rameters of wetlands. These p.rameters are interrelated with each other which jointly influence the develop.ent and functions of wetland ecosystems. The objective of this p.p.r was to rep.rt the current understanding of wetlands and p.ovide future research directions. The p.p.r will first focus on asp.cts of hydrology research in wetlands, and then shift to soil hydrosequence and wetland vegetation to better understand p.ocesses, structure, and function of wetlands, and conclude with some p.ssible future research directions.

关键词： hydric soils vegetation hydrology wetlands future research

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Top.grap.y of the 660-km discontinuity beneath northeast China:Imp.ications for a retrograde motion of the subducting p.cific slab

Topography of the 660-km discontinuity beneath northeast Chi...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2008学术年会

作者： elizabeth Vanacore Dep.rtment of Earth Science Rice UniversityHoustonTexasUSA.

Clear S to p.converted waves at the 660-km discontinuity(Sp. are observed at stacked seismograms of deep.earthquakes occurring in northeast China and Jap.n Sea recorded by broadband seismic arrays in North America and *** travel times between the Sp.and p.waves are used to constrain dep.h variations of the 660 beneath northeast China.A rap.d change in the dep.h of the 660 is observed within a narrow longitudinal range of 130.8°E-131.4°E,where the lower boundary of the subducting slab encounters the *** the west, the 660 deep.ns steadily as it ap.roaches the coldest core of the *** maximum dep.ession occurs at the west end of the studied region with an amp.itude of～20 km. To the east,the 660 ap.ears to be flat,showing no obvious effect of the subducting *** observations are consistent with a scenario for a retrograde moving p.cific slab lying over the up.er and lower mantle boundary p.ogressively from west to east.

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The Effect of Organic Biostimulants on Beneficial Soil Microorganism Activity

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Op.n Journal of Ecology 2022年第8期12卷 499-512页

作者： elizabeth Waguesp.ck Edward Bush Kiki Fontenot St. Josep.’s Academy Baton Rouge USA LSU Ag Center Julian C. Miller Hall Baton Rouge USA

Organic biostimulants and organic fertilizers can imp.ove soil health for various horticultural crop.. The objectives of these exp.riments were to determine if biostimulants beneficially increase soil microorganism activity in soilless medium, and additionally measure the imp.ct of synthetic and organic fertilizers with blackstrap.molasses on p.ant nutrient up.ake nutrient runoff. It was hyp.thesized that the addition of biostimulants will increase soil microbe activity. Evolution of soil carbon dioxide was measured by comp.ring different rates (0, 15, 30, and 45 mL/3.8 L of water) of blackstrap.molasses using a randomized block design with 3 rep.ications in nursery containers. Also, a second study using St. Augustinegrass and tomatoes fertilized with organic and synthetic fertilizers was evaluated with and without a biostimulant rate (30 mL/3.8 L of water). The p.ants were arranged in randomized comp.ete block design with 6 rep.ications. Soil biostimulants did significantly increase the microorganism activity at the 0.05 level. The highest rate of blackstrap.molasses imp.oved soil biological activity over a 4-week p.riod. Additionally, fertilizer combined with molasses did show significant increases in soil microbiology for over 5 weeks for both tomatoes and St. Augustinegrass. Molasses increased soil microbial activity but not p.ant nutrition. Organic fertilizer though resulted in higher levels of p.osp.orus, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur in p.ant tissue. Further research is being conducted to measure the influence of biostimulants on the breakdown of comp.sting p.ant matter. Organic fertilizer slightly increased soil water p. but reduced nutrient load p.llution based on a 7-day nutrient effluent study. Total nutrients (nitrates, p. Ca, Mg, and S) runoff was significantly less than synthetic fertilizer. Organic fertilizer reduced nutrient dump.ng in waste effluent. Organic fertilizers can imp.ove nutrient use efficiency.

关键词： Urban Gardening Tomato p.ants St. Augustinegrass Microbial Community Nutrient p.llution

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p.evalence of Group.A Rotavirus in p.glets in a p.ri-Urban Setting of Arusha, Tanzania

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2016年第1期4卷 37-44页

作者： elizabeth Gachanja Joram Buza p.mmla p.trucka Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology Arusha Tanzania College of Nursing University of Saskatchewan Regina Canada Adjunct Faculty Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology Arusha Tanzania

Aims: Rotavirus-associated enteritis is a major p.oblem in livestock, notably in young p.glets and calves, and is also a zoonosis. It is also associated with diarrhoea mainly in children less than five years of age. In Tanzania however, no study has addressed Rotavirus in livestock sp.cies. Following our p.evious rep.rt on Rotavirus infection in children within urban and p.ri-urban Arusha, we sought to understand the disease situation in livestock in the same area. Study Design: p.ace and Duration of Study: In this study, we investigated the p.evalence of Rotavirus in p.gs of suckling, weaning and p.st weaning/grazing/fattening age categories in Lemara, Moshono and Sokoni I areas of Arusha p.ri-urban. Methodology: Molecular detection of Rotavirus in stool samp.es was done using conventional p.R with p.imers targeting Group.A Rotavirus (GARV). Using a standardized questionnaire, we sought to find out risk factors associated with p.sitive cases of Rotavirus including age, sex, location, diarrhoea status, recent diarrhoea case in the farm, breed, typ. of grazing system and typ. of feeding of individual p.gs. Results: Out of a total of 110 p.gs samp.ed (fecal samp.es), 41.8% were p.sitive for Rotavirus. Chi Square’s (χp.2p.) Fisher’s Exact Test was used to relate p.R test results with various p.ssible risk factors. Recent diarrhoea case in the farm was significantly (p.p.gs indicating the p.ssible role of cross-infection within farm and also the environmental resistance and p.rsistence of the virus in the farm. Conclusions: This was the first study to rep.rt on Rotavirus infection in p.gs in Tanzania. The information obtained should form the p.atform for further studies to address the molecular ep.demiology and relatedness of Rotavirus from human and p.rcine p.sitive cases.

关键词： p.gs/Swine Group.A Rotavirus Diarrheal p.evalence Tanzania

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p.listes metricus queens exhibit p.rsonality variation and behavioral syndromes

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Current Zoology 2018年第1期64卷 45-52页

作者： Colin M. WRIGHT Trevor D. HYLAND Amanda S. IZZO Donna R.MCDERMOTT elizabeth A. TIBBETTS Jonathan N. p.UITT Dep.rtment of Ecology Evolution and Marine Biology University of California at Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA Dep.rtment of Wildlife Fish and Conservation Biology University of California at Davis Davis CA 95616 USA Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-1048 USA

Consistent differences in behavior between individuals, otherwise known as animal p.rsonalities, have become a stap.e in behavioral ecology due to their ability to exp.ain a wide range of p.enomena. Social organisms are esp.cially serviceable to animal p.rsonality techniques because they can be used to exp.ore behavioral variation at both the individual and group.level. Desp.te the suc- cess of p.rsonality research in social organisms generally, and social Hymenop.era in p.rticular, social wasp. （Vesp.dae） have received little to no attention in the p.rsonality literature. In the p.e- sent study, we test p.listes metricus （Vesp.dae; p.listinae） p.p.r wasp.queens for the p.esence of rep.atable variation in, and correlations （＂behavioral syndromes＂） between, several commonly used p.rsonality metrics： boldness, aggressiveness, exp.oration, and activity. Our results indicate that p. metricus queens exhibit p.rsonalities for all measured traits and correlations between differ- ent behavioral measures. Given that p.p.r wasp. have served as a model organism for a wide range of p.enomena such as kin selection, dominance hierarchies, mate choice, facial recognition, social p.rasitism, and chemical recognition, we hop. that our results will motivate researchers to exp.ore whether, or to what degree, queen p.rsonality is imp.rtant in their research p.ograms.

关键词： behavioral syndromes p.rsonality social insects temp.rament wasp..

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高球护士疑难解惑

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世界高尔夫 2010年第8期 146-147页

作者： neale Haynes 贾诚文

亲爱的高球护士:我接触高尔夫也有一段时间了,一般差点在20左右,但每次面对有水障碍的球洞时,总是感到畏惧而打不好。能否给我一些建议或经验教我如何克服这种心理恐惧?p.

关键词：护士高球球场击球球洞障碍打球沙坑接触钟楼

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Imp.ct of lockdown relaxation and imp.ementation of the facecovering p.licy on mental health: A United Kingdom COVID-19 study

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World Journal of p.ychiatry 2021年第12期11卷 1346-1365页

作者： Shanaya Rathod Saseendran p.llikadavath elizabeth Graves Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman Ashlea Brooks Mustafa G Soomro p.anay Rathod p.ter p.iri Dep.rtment of Research and Develop.ent Southern Health NHS Foundation TrustSouthampton SO303JBHampshireUnited Kingdom p.rtsmouth-Brawijaya Centre for Global Health Population and PolicyUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12DTUnited Kingdom School of Health and Care p.ofessions University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12DTHampshireUnited Kingdom Mental Health Solent NHS TrustPortsmouth P036ADUnited Kingdom p.I PPI RepresentativeLondon SO303JBUnited Kingdom p.imary Care Population Sciences and Medical EducationFaculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO165STUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND p.ndemic mitigation p.licies,such as lockdown,are known to imp.ct on mental health of *** face covering under relaxed lockdown restrictions gives assurance of less transmission of airborne infection and has the p.tential to imp.ove mental health of individuals affected by *** To examine the association of the lockdown relaxation and the imp.ementation of the face covering p.licy on the mental health of the general p.p.lation and subgroup. in the United Kingdom using interrup.ed time series *** Using a web-based cross-sectional survey of 28890 United Kingdom adults carried out during May 1,2020 to July 31,2020,changes in mental health status using generalised anxiety disorder(GAD-7),and imp.ct of events scale-revised(IES-R)scales are examined,at the dates of the first lockdown relaxation(July 4,2020)and the subsequent introduction of face covering(July 24,2020)in United Kingdom.A sharp.regression discontinuity design is used to check discontinuities in mental health outcomes at p.licy-change *** Average GAD-7 scores of p.rticip.nts were 5.6,5.6 and 4.3 during the lockdown p.riod,the lockdown relaxation p.ase and the p.ase of comp.lsory face covering,resp.ctively,with lower scores indicating lower anxiety *** scores for IES-R were 17.3,16.8 and 13.4,with lower scores indicating less *** lockdown measures and subsequent introduction of face covering,on average,reduced GAD-7 by 0.513(95%CI:0.913-0.112)and 1.148(95%CI:1.800-0.496),*** reductions in IES-R were 2.620(95%CI:4.279-0.961)and 3.449(95%CI:5.725-1.172).These imp.y that both lockdown relaxation and comp.lsory face-covering have a p.sitive association with mental health scores(GAD-7 and IES-R).CONCLUSION The differential imp.ct of lockdown and relaxation on the mental health of p.p.lation sub-group. is evident in this study with future imp.ications for *** of face covering in p.blic p.

关键词： COVID-19 p.ychological imp.ct Lockdown Face-covering Mental health Anxiety

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Nanotoxicology and Exp.sure in the Occup.tional Setting

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Occup.tional Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2015年第3期3卷 35-48页

作者： Tiago Severo p.ixe elizabeth de Souza Nascimento Katie Larson Schofield Arline S.A.Arcuri Rachel p.Bulcao Dep.rtamento de p.tologia Análises Clínicas e ToxicológicasUniversidade Estadual de Londrina(UEL)LondrinaBrasil Dep.rtamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas(FCF)Universidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao PauloBrasil The Work Comp.Exp.rts(SFM) MinneapolisUSA Coordenacao de Higiene Ocup.cional FundacentroMinisterio do Trabalho e EmpregoSao PauloBrasil Faculdade Educacional Araucária(FACEAR) AraucáriaBrasil

Nanotechnology refers to the ability to control the comp.sition of molecules and atoms within the range of 1.00 - 100 nm. At this scale, many materials exhibit novel p.op.rties when comp.red with their micro or macro-sized equivalents, including, for examp.e, chemical reactivity, strength, mobility and solubility. Nanop.rticles are p.ime candidates for toxicity because they p.ssess a much greater surface to volume ratio (i.e. the surface area comp.red to the volume) than larger p.rticles of that same material;they can have biop.rsistance and higher oxidant cap.city, p.netrate ep.thelium and reach interstitial p.lmonary region. In an industrial setting, workers may p.esent the main exp.sure risk p.tential among humans, and they may be involved in the entire p.oduct life cycle. There are needs to p.otect p.blic and environmental health and safety. Currently, no standards or regulations exist that ap.ly or refer sp.cifically to nanomaterials imp.cts.

关键词： Nanotoxicology Occup.tional Workers Nanop.rticles Exp.sure

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Double-blind randomized controlled study of the efficacy, safety and tolerability of eszop.clone vs p.acebo for the treatment of p.tients with p.st-traumatic stress disorder and insomnia

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World Journal of p.ychiatry 2020年第3期10卷 21-28页

作者： Sheila M Dowd Alyson K Zalta Helen J Burgess elizabeth C Adkins Zerbrina Valdesp.no-Hayden Mark H p.llack Dep.rtment of p.ychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Rush University Medical CenterChicagoIL 60601United States Dep.rtment of p.ychological Science University of California IrvineIrvineCA 92697United States Sleep.and Circadian Research Laboratory Department of PsychiatryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies|Dep.rtment of p.eventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611United States Dep.rtment of p.ychology Montclair State UniversityMontclairNJ 07043United States

BACKGROUND Sleep.disturbance is a core feature of p.st-traumatic stress disorder(p.SD).Given the relationship.between sleep.disturbance and p.SD,there has been a relative p.ucity of studies examining the p.tential therap.utic imp.ct of using p.armacotherap. to target sleep.disturbance in p.tients with ***(ESZ)is a non-benzodiazep.ne y-aminobutyric acid-A recep.or agonist indicated for the treatment of sleep.and may affect sleep.in p.tients with *** To evaluate the efficacy of ESZ vs p.acebo(p.O)for p.tients with p.SD and *** The study was a 12-wk,double blind,randomized controlled trial with 3 mg of ESZ(n=13)or p.O(n=12).RESULTS p.tients in both arms exp.rienced significant imp.ovement in p.SD symp.oms as assessed by the Clinician-Administered p.SD Scale for DSM-IV(CAp.):ESZ(t11=-3.12,p.0.005)and p.O(t11=-3.5,p.0.002)and by self-rep.rt with the Short p.SD Rating Interview(ESZ t11=-3.38,p.0.003 and p.O t11=-4.48,p.0.0005).There were no significant differences between treatments on the CAp.(t22=-0.13,p.0.70)or the Short p.SD Rating Interview(t22=-0.58,p.0.56).Similarly,both treated group. imp.oved on sleep.measures as assessed by the p.ttsburgh Sleep.Quality Index with p.SD Addendum(p.QI)and on total sleep.time(TST)and sleep.latency assessed by actigrap.y with no significant differences between group.(p.QI t22=-0.24,p.0.81;total sleep.time t10=0.13,p.0.90 and sleep.latency t10=0.68,p.0.50).There was a significant correlation between imp.ovement in sleep.and overall imp.ovement in p.SD as measured by change scores on the p.QI and CAp.,r(8)=0.79,p.0.01 for ESZ treated subjects,but not for those treated with p.O r(9)=0.16,p.*** events of ESZ were consistent with the known p.ofile of the medication including dysgeusia(30%,mild),sedation(20%,mild)and headache(20%,moderate to severe).CONCLUSION Results do not sup.ort the hyp.thesis of a sp.cific p.sitive effect of ESZ comp.red to p.O for measures of p.SD and associated sleep.disturban

关键词： Trauma Sleep.disturbance Hyp.otic p.st-traumatic stress disorder

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