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Magnetopause properties at the dusk magnetospheric flank from global magnetohydrodynamic simulations,the kinetic Vlasov equilibrium,and in situ observations--Potential implications for SMILE

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 222-233页

作者： Marius Echim Costel Munteanu Gabriel Voitcu eliza Teodorescu Institute of Space Science Măgurele 077125Romania Royal belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy 1180 BrusselsBelgium Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence(STCE) 1180 BrusselsBelgium

We derived the properties of the terrestrial magnetopause(MP)from two modeling approaches,one global–fluid,the other local–kinetic,and compared the results with data collected in situ by the Magnetospheric Multiscale 2(MMS2)*** used global magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)simulations of the Earth’s magnetosphere(publicly available from the NASA-CCMC[National Aeronautics and Space Administration–Community Coordinated Modeling Center])and local Vlasov equilibrium models(based on kinetic models for tangential discontinuities)to extract spatial profiles of the plasma and field variables at the Earth’s *** global MHD simulations used initial solar wind conditions extracted from the OMNI database at the time epoch when the MMS2 observes the *** kinetic Vlasov model used asymptotic boundary conditions derived from the same in situ MMS measurements upstream or downstream of the *** global MHD simulations provide a three-dimensional image of the magnetosphere at the time when the MMS2 crosses the *** Vlasov model provides a one-dimensional local view of the MP derived from first principles of kinetic *** MMS2 experimental data also serve as a reference for comparing and validating the numerical simulations and *** found that the MP transition layer formed in global MHD simulations was generally localized closer to the Earth(roughly by one Earth radius)from the position of the real MP observed by the *** also found that the global MHD simulations overestimated the thickness of the MP transition by one order of magnitude for three analyzed variables:magnetic field,density,and tangential *** MP thickness derived from the local Vlasov equilibrium was consistent with observations for all three of these *** overestimation of density in the Vlasov equilibrium was reduced compared with the global MHD *** discuss our results in the context of future SMILE(Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer)campaigns for observing

关键词： magnetopause magnetohydrodynamic numerical simulations Vlasov equilibrium Magnetospheric Multiscale observations

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Interferon-mediated reprogramming of membrane cholesterol to evade bacterial toxins

Interferon-mediated reprogramming of membrane cholesterol to...

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第四届中国生物物理学会代谢生物学分会学术研讨会

作者： Quan D.Zhou Xun Chi Min Sub Lee Wei Yuan Hsieh Jonathan J.Mkrtchyan An-Chieh Feng Cuiwen He Autumn G York Viet L.bui eliza b.kronenberger Alessandra Ferrari Xu Xiao Allison E.Daly elizabeth J.Tarling Robert Damoiseaux Philip O.Scumpia Stephen T.Smale Kevin J.Williams Peter Tontonoz Steven J.bensinger Zhejiang University School of Medicine

＜正＞Cholesterol is an important determinant of the biochemical and biophysical properties of animal cell membranes. Given the requirement for cholesterol in membranes, it is not surprising that microorganisms and viruses have evolved strategies that take advantage of cholesterol availability in membranes to facilitate pathogenesis. Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins （CDCs） are a group of secreted toxins produced mainly by Gram-positive bacteria that depend on membrane cholesterol for their function.

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Global mapping of volumetric water retention at 100,330 and 15000 cm suction using the WoSIS database

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第2期11卷 225-239页

作者： Maria eliza Turek Laura Poggio Niels H.batjes Robson Andre Armindo Quirijn de Jong van Lier Luis de Sousa Gerard b.M.Heuvelink ISRIC-World Soll Information Wageningemthe Netherlands Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering Federal University of ParunaCurtibaR Brazil Soll Geography and Landscope Group Wageningen University Wageningenthe Netherlands Department of Physics Federul University of LavrasMGBrarll CENA-Universiy of Sao Poulo PinacicabasaoBrazil

Present global maps of soil water retention(SWR)are mostly derived from pedotransfer functions(PTFs)applied to maps of other basic soil *** an alternative,'point-based'mapping of soil water content can improve global soil data availability and *** developed point-based global maps with estimated uncertainty of the volumetric SWR at 100,330 and 15000 cm suction using measured SWR data extracted from the WoSIS Soil Profile Database together with data estimated by a random forest PTF(PTF-RF).The point data was combined with around 200 environmental covariates describing vegetation,terrain morphology,climate,geology,and hydrology using *** total,we used 7292,33192 and 42016 SWR point observations at 100,330 and 15000 cm,respectively,and complemented the dataset with 436108 estimated values at each *** cross-validation yielded a Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)of6380,7.112 and 6.48510^(-2)cm^(3)cm^(-3),and a Model Efficiency Coefficient(MEC)of0.430,0386,and 0.471,respectively,for 100,330 and 15000 *** results were also compared to three published global maps of SWR to evaluate differences between point-based and map-based mapping ***-based mapping performed better than the three map-based mapping approaches for 330 and 15000 cm,while for 100 cm results were similar,possibly due to the limited number of SWR observa-tions for 100 *** sources or uncertainty identified included the geographical clustering of the data and the limitation of the covariates to represent the naturally high variation of SWR.

关键词： Digital soil mapping Soil hydraulic properties Pedometrics SoilGrids

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Lymphatic filariasis, infection status in Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles species after six rounds of mass drug administration in Masasi District, Tanzania

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第2期10卷 100-100页

作者： eliza Lupenza Dinah b.Gasarasi Omary M.Minzi Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology School of Public Health and Social SciencesMuhimbili University of Health and Allied SciencesBox 65011Dar es SalaamTanzania 不详

background:Lymphatic filariasis(LF)elimination program in Tanzania started in 2000 in response to the Global program for the elimination of LF by *** shows a persistent LF transmission despite more than a decade of mass drug administration(MDA).It is advocated that,regular monitoring should be conducted in endemic areas to evaluate the progress towards elimination and detect resurgence of the disease *** study was therefore designed to assess the status of Wuchererio bancrofti infection in Culex quinqefasciatus and Anopheles species after six rounds of MDA in Masasi District,South Eastern Tanzania.

关键词： Lymphatic filariasis Wuchereria boncrofti Culex quinquefasciatus Anopheles gombioe Anopheles funestus Mass drug administration Infection rate

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Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of leaf extracts from Annona tomentosa ***

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第5期15卷 379-387页

作者： Lilian Uchoa Carneiro Ilna Gomes da Silva Mirian eliza Alves de Souza Wellington da Silva Cortes Mário Geraldo de Carvalho bruno Guimaraes Marinho Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences Institute of Biological and Health SciencesFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 23890-000Brazil Laboratory of Pharmacology Department of Physiological SciencesInstitute of Biological Sciences and HealthFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 23890-000Brazil Postgraduate Program in Chemistry Department of ChemistryInstitute of Exact SciencesFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 23890-000Brazil

ObJECTIVE：Annona tomentosa *** is a species not endemic to brazil that belongs to the phytogeographic areas of the Amazon,Cerrado and *** known as“araticum rasteiro”or“araticum de moita”,*** is edible and tea made from the leaves has been used as an antiinflammatory by native *** is no scientific evidence for these uses of ***,especially those related to the control of pain and *** this reason,in the present study we evaluated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of partitions from the methanolic extract of *** leaves（*** leaf methanolic extract（ATFM）in hexane partition：ATFM-H;ATFM in dichloromethane partition：ATFM-D;ATFM in ethyl acetate partition：ATFM-Ac;ATFM in butanol partition：ATFM-b）in ***：The antinociceptive effects of leaf extracts from *** were evaluated by abdominal writhing and tail-flick tests,while the anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated by paw oedema and air-pouch *** locomotor activity was evaluated with the open-field ***,we evaluated the possible action mechanism of ***,using naloxone,nitro-L-arginine methyl ester,glibenclamide,atropine,naltrindole and norbinaltorphimine in tail-flick *** productions of tumor necrosis factorα（TNF-α）and interleukin（IL）-1βwere also ***：The chromatographic fractionation of the partitions of the methanolic extract from the leaves of *** revealed the presence of diterpenes,flavonoids,and steroids *** the analysis of the hexane partition kaurenoic acid was identified as the major ***-H and ATFM-D had a significant antinociceptive effect in acute pain models in *** ATFM-H showed central antinociceptive effect from the involvement of theδopioid receptors,without causing alterations in the locomotor activity of the mice,while ATFM-D was effective in decreasing paw oedema and TNF-α and IL-1β ***：These results demon

关键词： Annona tomentosa cytokines opioid nociception

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Climate Change Vulnerability and Disaster Risk Assessment Using Remote Sensing Technology and Adaptation Strategies for Resiliency and Disaster Risk Management in Selected Coastal Municipalities of Zambales, Philippines

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American Journal of Climate Change 2021年第1期10卷 85-133页

作者： Annie Melinda Paz-Alberto eliza Camaso Roann P. Alberto Daryl A. Juganas Kathrina M. Mapanao Carl Dionelle b. Ponce Christopher Genaro Institute for Climate Change and Environmental Management Central Luzon State University Science City of Mu&#241 oz Philippines

The Philippines is one of the most hazard prone and vulnerable countries in the world to climate change effects due to its geographical location. Climate change is already happening and affecting many places causing huge problems to coastal ecosystems. Vulnerability and disaster assessment and mapping in coastal areas are essential tasks and undertakings for coastal disaster risk management. The objectives of this study were to assess the climate change vulnerability and disaster risks in the four municipalities (Sta. Cruz, Candelaria, Masinloc and Palauig) of Zambales and to determine the climate change community-based adaptation (CbA) and ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) strategies. Remote sensing, GIS, secondary data gathering and key informant interview were used to assess vulnerability and disaster risks and mapping in the four municipalities. Survey questionnaire, focus group discussion and key informant interview were utilized in gathering data for the determination of climate change adaptation strategies. Using remote sensing technology, it was revealed that coastline changes have occurred in the shorelines of the four coastal municipalities after a decade. Sea level rise happened in Sta. Cruz and Masinloc, Zambales while there was build-up of soil in the coastline of Candelaria and Palauig, Zambales. Twelve hazard maps, 12 vulnerability maps and 12 disaster risk maps were generated for the three major disasters (flood, landslide, storm surge) in the four coastal municipalities. based on the flood vulnerability and disaster risk assessment, the municipality of Palauig was found to be the most prone to flooding while the municipality of Candelaria was found to be the most vulnerable to landslide compared to other municipalities. All coastal barangays in the four municipalities were susceptible to storm surge. The four coastal municipalities were conducting community-based adaptation (CbA) and ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) approaches in order to protect the

关键词： Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Disaster Risk Remote Sensing Community-based Adaptation Ecosystem-based Adaptation

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探究西班牙大学生孤独感与抑郁症状之间的关系:以应对策略为中介

探究西班牙大学生孤独感与抑郁症状之间的关系:以应对策略为中介

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第二十二届全国心理学学术会议

作者：梁芃伟石小轩 brianna M.McManamon Amaiadela Fuente Olga Carde?oso Natalia S.Rodriguez Olivia M.Katamanin Rachel S.Eisner Collin b.beavan eliza C.bourke Deesha D.Shah Abigael G.Lucas Olivia D.Chang Mingqi Li Edward C.Chang 北京师范大学心理学部 Department of Psychology University of Michigan Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Department of Psychology Skidmore College

孤独感,指受到社会孤立或与他人隔绝的感觉。研究发现,孤独感与消极的情感状况有关,尤其是与年轻人的抑郁症状有关。然而孤独和抑郁症状之间的关联机制尚不清楚。针对这一问题,有研究者提出通过应对策略来调节年轻人孤独感和抑郁症状之... 详细信息

孤独感,指受到社会孤立或与他人隔绝的感觉。研究发现,孤独感与消极的情感状况有关,尤其是与年轻人的抑郁症状有关。然而孤独和抑郁症状之间的关联机制尚不清楚。针对这一问题,有研究者提出通过应对策略来调节年轻人孤独感和抑郁症状之间的关系,应对策略是指为应对压力所做出的认知和行为上的努力。因而本研究旨在探究在西班牙大学生群体中应对策略在孤独感与抑郁症状之间的中介作用。本研究中,我们采用应对策略量表(包含积极(engagement)和消极(disengagement)两个维度,每个维度又包括应对问题(problem engagement)和应对情绪(emotion engagement)两个子维度,每个子维度下包括两种应对策略),R-UCLA孤独感量表以及beck抑郁量表对364名西班牙大学生(275名女性)进行了抽样调查以检验孤独感、不同应对策略和抑郁症状水平。采用多重中介分析,来确定孤独感和抑郁症状之间的关系是否是由积极应对策略(如解决问题)和消极应对策略(如回避问题)起部分中介作用。结果显示1)问题解决和认知重构的间接效应显著,且与孤独感和抑郁症状均呈负相关;2)问题回避,愿望式思考,自我批评的间接效应显著,且与孤独感呈正相关。3)愿望式思考和自我批评与抑郁症状呈正相关,而问题回避与抑郁症状呈负相关。4)社会支持、情绪表达和孤独感呈负相关,情绪抑制和孤独感呈正相关,但三种应对策略均与抑郁症状无显著相关。中介模型表明,孤独感阻碍了以问题为中心的积极应对策略的使用,从而降低了高孤独感的西班牙大学生的问题解决能力,导致他们出现抑郁症状的风险增加。同时这些结果也表明,在西班牙大学生中,孤独感增加了自我批评和愿望式思考这两种应对策略的使用,使得消极应对策略的使用增加,进而增加了出现抑郁症状的风险。综上,本研究探讨了在西班牙大学生群体中,应对策略在孤独感和抑郁症状之间的中介作用。研究结果发现,减少孤独感、改善积极应对策略、避免消极应对策略、提高问题回避技能是西班牙大学生减少抑郁症状的重要措施。

关键词：孤独感抑郁症状应对策略西班牙大学生

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抑郁,孤独感和自杀风险:社会心理交互模型

抑郁,孤独感和自杀风险:社会心理交互模型

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第二十一届全国心理学学术会议

作者： Edward C.Chang Abigael G.Lucas 李明崎 Collin b.beavan Rachel S.Eisner brianna M.McManamon Natalia S.Rodriguez Olivia M.Katamanin eliza C.bourke Amaia de la Fuente Olga Carde?oso Kaidi Wu elizabeth A.Yu elizabeth L.Jeglic Jameson K. Hirsch 王若茜高芯芸 Zimeng Li Xin Wang Olivia D.Chang 密歇根大学心理学系斯基德莫尔学院巴斯克大学

美国的拉丁裔人群自杀风险颇高,但目前的自杀研究对象大多是白人群体,针对拉丁裔人群自杀风险的影响因素的研究尚且不足。以往研究证明,抑郁是自杀风险重要的预测因子。拉丁文化中的集体主义思想也显示,当个体被社会孤立后,产生的孤独... 详细信息

美国的拉丁裔人群自杀风险颇高,但目前的自杀研究对象大多是白人群体,针对拉丁裔人群自杀风险的影响因素的研究尚且不足。以往研究证明,抑郁是自杀风险重要的预测因子。拉丁文化中的集体主义思想也显示,当个体被社会孤立后,产生的孤独感会预测其自杀风险。因此,本研究根据社会心理易损模型,同时考虑个体心理和环境变量对自杀风险的预测作用。本研究采用问卷法探究分别抑郁,孤独感,以及两者的交互作用对自杀风险(绝望和自杀行为)的预测作用。研究样本包括156名拉丁裔大学生,使用分层回归的方法,第一层控制年龄和性别,第二层放入抑郁和孤独感,第三层放入两者交互项,因变量是大学生的绝望和自杀行为。分层回归结果表明,抑郁和孤独感都能独立显著预测绝望和自杀行为。同时,抑郁和孤独感对预测自杀风险的交互效应显著,低孤独感可以缓冲抑郁对自杀风险的预测:随着抑郁增强,相比于被社会孤立的个体,没有被孤立的个体的自杀风险的上升速率显著较低。本研究首次探索了拉丁裔人群的抑郁和孤独感对自杀风险的预测作用,表明减少社会心理的受损能减少自杀风险。与以往研究模式一致,抑郁的对自杀的预测力大约是孤独感的两倍。此外,抑郁和孤独感对自杀风险的影响也存在交互作用,减少个体的孤独感能缓冲抑郁对自杀风险的影响。因此,集体主义文化下的拉丁裔群体(甚至文化相似的东亚群体),未来针对自杀的干预,不仅应关注个体的心理抑郁心境,还可以通过加强社会联结减少孤独感,以降低人群的自杀风险。

关键词：抑郁孤独感自杀风险拉丁裔大学生

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CIS controls the functional polarization of GM-CSF-derived macrophages

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第1期20卷 65-79页

作者： Shengbo Zhang Jai Rautela Naiara G.bediaga Tatiana b.Kolesnik Yue You Junli Nie Laura F.Dagley Justin bedo Hanqing Wang Li Sun Robyn Sutherland Elliot Surgenor Nadia Iannarella Rhys Allan Fernando Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes Yi Xie Qike Wang Yuxia Zhang Yuekang Xu Stephen L.Nutt Andrew M.Lew Nicholas D.Huntington Sandra E.Nicholson Michaël Chopin Yifan Zhan Walter and eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research ParkvilleVICAustralia Department of Medical biology University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia Department of biochemistry and Molecular biology Biomedicine Discovery InstituteMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia oNKo-Innate Pty Ltd Moonee PondsVICAustralia Department of Computing and Information Systems University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia Department of Respiratory Medicine Guangzhou Institute of PediatricsGuangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CentreState Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina College of biological Science Anhui Normal UniversityHefeiChina University of Queensland Diamantina Institute University of QueenslandTranslational Research InstituteBrisbaneQLDAustralia Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Duke-NUS Medical SchoolDukeSingapore Drug Discovery Shanghai Huaota BiopharmShanghaiChina

The cytokine granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) possesses the capacity to differentiate monocytes into macrophages (MØs) with opposing functions, namely, proinflammatory M1-like MØs and immunosuppressive M2-like MØs. Despite the importance of these opposing biological outcomes, the intrinsic mechanism that regulates the functional polarization of MØs under GM-CSF signaling remains elusive. Here, we showed that GM-CSF-induced MØ polarization resulted in the expression of cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CIS) and that CIS deficiency skewed the differentiation of monocytes toward immunosuppressive M2-like MØs. CIS deficiency resulted in hyperactivation of the JAK-STAT5 signaling pathway, consequently promoting downregulation of the transcription factor Interferon Regulatory Factor 8 (IRF8). Loss- and gain-of-function approaches highlighted IRF8 as a critical regulator of the M1-like polarization program. In vivo, CIS deficiency induced the differentiation of M2-like macrophages, which promoted strong Th2 immune responses characterized by the development of severe experimental asthma. Collectively, our results reveal a CIS-modulated mechanism that clarifies the opposing actions of GM-CSF in MØ differentiation and uncovers the role of GM-CSF in controlling allergic inflammation.

关键词： CIS GM-CSF Macrophage M2 M1

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