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Powder metallurgy with space holder for porous titanium implants:A review

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第17期76卷 129-149页

作者： Alejandra Rodriguez-Contreras Miquel Punset JoséA.Calero Francisco Javier Gil elisa ruperez JoséMaría Manero Biomaterials Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group(BBT)Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversitat Politecnica de Catalunya(UPC)Av.Edurad Maristany 1608019BarcelonaSpain Barcelona Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering Technical University of Catalonia(UPC)Av.Eduard Maristany 10-1408019BarcelonaSpain UPC Innovation and Technology Center(CIT-UPC).Technical University of Catalonia(UPC) C.Jordi Girona 3-108034Barcelona.Spain AMES GROUP SA.Carretera Nacional 340 Pol.Ind."Les Fallulles"08620Sant Vicenc dels HortsBarcelonaSpain Bioengineering Institute for Technology Universitat Intemacional de Catalunyac/Josep Trueta s/n08195BarcelonaSpain

One of the biggest challenges in the biocompatibility of implantable metals is the prevention of the stress shielding effect,which is related to the coupling of the bone-metal mechanical *** stress shielding phenomenon provokes bone resorption and the consequent adverse effects on prosthesis ***,it can be inhibited by adapting the stiffness of the implant *** the use of titanium(Ti)porous structures is a great alternative not only to inhibit this effect but also to improve the osteointegration of orthopedic and dental implants,a brief description of the techniques used for their manufacturing and a review of the current commercialized implants produced from porous Ti assemblies are compiled in this *** powder metallurgy(PM)with space holder(SH)is a powerful technology used to produce porous Ti structures,it is here discussed its potential for the fabrication of medical devices from the perspectives of both design and *** most important parameters of the technique such as the size and shape of the initial metallic particles,the SH and binder type of materials,the compaction pressure of the green form,and in the sintering stage,the temperature,atmosphere,and time are reviewed according to the bibliography ***,the importance of the porosity and its types together with the influence of the mentioned parameters in the final porosity and,consequently,in the ultimate mechanical properties of the structure are ***,a few examples of the PM-SH application for the manufacturing of orthopedic implants are presented.

关键词： Powder metallurgy Space holder method Porous titanium structures Medical devices Stress shielding effect Porous materials permeability Interconnected porosity Porous bone substitute materials Open-cell titanium foams Sintering-dissolution technique

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SARS-CoV-2 infection in children requiring hospitalization: the experience of Navarra, Spain

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第6期16卷 614-622页

作者： Laura Moreno-Galarraga Maria Urretavizcaya-Martinez Josune Alegria Echauri Marcos Garcia Howard Eva ruperez Garcia Sergio Aguilera-Albesa Valentin Alzina de Aguilar Mercedes Herranz Aguirre Pediatric Pulmonology Department of PediatricsCHNComplejo Hospitalario de NavarraServicio Navarro de SaludC/Irunlarrea 331080 PamplonaSpain IdiSNA.Navarra Institute for Health Research PamplonaSpain Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.School of Medicine.University of Navarra Pamplona.wSpain Department of Pediatrics CHNComplejo Hospitalario de NavarraServicio Navarro de Salud.Pamplona.Spain Pediatric Cardiology Department of PediatricsCHN.Complejo Hospitalario de NavarraServicio Navarro de SaludPamplonaSpain Pediatric Neurology Department of PediatricsCHN.Complejo Hospitalario de NavarraServicio Navarro de SaludPamplonaSpain Department of Pediatrics CUN.Clfnica Universidad de NavarraPamplona.Spain Department of Pediatrics School of MedicineUniversity of NavarraPamplona.Spain

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 in children,or pediatric COVID-19,initially was described as an acute respiratory syndrome similar to the adult presentation but with less severe *** We describe the clinical characteristics,disease presentation,treatments and outcomes of all pediatric cases with COVID-19 admitted to the reference hospitals in Navarra,Spain during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak(February-May 2020).Results We found a low number of hospitalized cases in infants and children compared to adults with a hospitalization ratio of 1:*** of these hospitalized cases did not suffer from severe *** 80%of infections reported household contacts,and the mother was the known-contact in 83%of these cases.72%of hospitalized cases were previously healthy *** describe how symptoms in pediatric cases are nonspecific and how COVID-19 can be presented with a wide range and variety of *** symptoms are not always present,and severe neurological and cardiac features can occur in previously healthy *** Epidemiological description and case reports will be key to a better recognition and to adequate treatment of pediatric patients with COVID-19.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019 Hospitalization Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

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