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The scope for manipulating the polyunsaturated fatty acid content of beef:a review

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第3期7卷 299-311页

作者： Payam Vahmani Cletos Mapiye Nuria Prieto David C.Rolland Tim A.mc Allister Jennifer L.Aalhus Michael E.R.Dugan Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lacombe Research Centre Department of Animal Sciences Faculty of Agri SciencesStellenbosch University Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Alberta Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lethbridge Research Centre

Since 1950, links between intake of saturated fatty acids and heart disease have led to recommendations to limit consumption of saturated fatty acid-rich foods, including beef. Over this time, changes in food consumption patterns in several countries including Canada and the USA have not led to improvements in health. Instead, the incidence of obesity, type II diabetes and associated diseases have reached epidemic proportions owing in part to replacement of dietary fat with refined carbohydrates. Despite the content of saturated fatty acids in beef, it is also rich in heart healthy cis-monounsaturated fatty acids, and can be an important source of long-chain omega-3（n-3） fatty acids in populations where little or no oily fish is consumed. Beef also contains polyunsaturated fatty acid biohydrogenation products,including vaccenic and rumenic acids, which have been shown to have anticarcinogenic and hypolipidemic properties in cell culture and animal models. Beef can be enriched with these beneficial fatty acids through manipulation of beef cattle diets, which is now more important than ever because of increasing public understanding of the relationships between diet and health. The present review examines recommendations for beef in human diets, the need to recognize the complex nature of beef fat, how cattle diets and management can alter the fatty acid composition of beef, and to what extent content claims are currently possible for beef fatty acids.

关键词： Beef Biohydrogenation products Lipids n-3 fatty acids Rumenic acid Vaccenic acid

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Antidiabetic fallacy of Vernonia amygdalina(bitter leaves) in human diabetes

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第5期2卷 54-57页

作者： Azikiwe CCA Amuzu LU Unekwe PC Nwosu PJC Ezeani mc Siminialayi MI Obidiya SO Arute JE Department of Pharmacology Madonna UniversityElele Department of Immunology Madonna UniversityElele Department of Pharmacology University of Port Harcourt Department of Clinical Pharmacy Faculty of PharmacyNigerDelta UniversityAmassomaBayelsa StateNigeria Department of Clinical Pharmacy Madonna UniversityElele

Objective:Aim of present study is to scientifically,verify the antidiabetic activity/potency of Vernonia amygdalina in human ***:A search was made at Nnewi,South - East Nigeria for known diabetes who use Vernonia amygdalina either as their sole or supplementary antidiabetic.A total of ten volunteers comprising, eight females and two males were *** were all of age range of 36-50 and average weight of 78 kg and suffering from non - insulin form of *** purpose of the study was explained to them and their consent *** were asked not to take any other antidiabetic outside Vernonia amygdalina throughout the four weeks study *** was however,no form of restrictions to their choice of diet or life style. They were requested to abstain from any drugs a week prior to commencement of *** prescriber’s dosage range was followed and minimum daily dose of 210 mL(approximately 220 mg of dry extract) was administered in Week-1,followed by daily dose of 420 mL(440 mg) in *** Week-3 they received 630 mL (660 mg) daily dose and in Week-4,they received daily dose of 840 mL(880 mg).Their fasting blood sugar were estimated pre-crude drug administration and on weekly basis for the four week study *** weekly weights were measured to check for possible weight gain or *** were subjected to statistical analysis and Students T-Test was used to calculate P-value.P-value≤0.05 were considered ***:It was observed that all the volunteers in the study group were taking Vernonia amygdalina only as supplementary. Two volunteers dropped out of the study at the end of Week-3 leaving us with 8 in *** was no significant bodyweight change within the four week *** starting mean fasting blood sugar which was 133.3 mg/dL(7.41 mmol/L) rose to 136.6 mg/dL(7.59 mmol/L) in Week-1,to 149.5 mg/dL(8.31 mmol/L) in Week-2 and to 166.5 mg/dL(9.30 mmol/L) in ***-4 had us left with 8 volunteers with a m

关键词： Medicinal plants Antidiabetic fallacy Vernonia amygdalina Bitter leaves Fasting blood sugar

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Combined treatment of 3-hydroxypyridine-4-one derivatives and green tea extract to induce hepcidin expression in iron-overloaded b-thalassemic mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第12期5卷 1010-1017页

作者： Supranee Upanan Kanjana Pangjit Chairat Uthaipibull Suthat Fucharoen Andrew T.mc Kie Somdet Srichairatanakool Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University College of Medicine and Public Health Ubon Ratchathani University National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology National Science and Technology Development AgencyThailand Science Park Thalassemia Research Center Institute of Molecular Biosciences Mahidol University Salaya Campus Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences School of Medicine King's College London

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of deferiprone(DFP),1-(N-acetyl-6-aminohexyl)-3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridin-4-one(CM1)or green tea extract(GTE)in enhancing expression of hepatic hepcidin1(Hamp1)m RNA and relieving iron overload in b-globin knockout thalassemic ***:The b-globin knockout thalassemic mice were fed with a ferrocenesupplemented diet for 2 months and oral administration of deionized water,DFP(50 mg/kg),CM1(50 mg/kg),GTE(50 mg epigallocatechin 3-gallate equivalent/kg),GTE along with DFP(50 mg/kg),and GTE along with CM1(50 mg/kg)every day for *** of hepatic Hamp1 m RNA,plasma non-transferrin bound iron,plasma alanine aminotransferase activity and tissue iron content were ***:All chelation treatments could reduce plasma non-transferrin bound iron ***,hepatic Hamp1 m RNA expression was significantly upregulated in the mice in a GTE+DFP combined treatment,correlating with a decrease in the plasma alanine aminotransferase activity and tissue iron ***:The GTE+DFP treatment could ameliorate iron overload and liver oxidative damage in non-transfusion dependent b-thalassemic mice,by chelating toxic iron in plasma and tissues,and increasing hepcidin expression to inhibit duodenal iron absorption and iron release from hepatocytes and macrophages in the *** is probably an advantage in giving GTE with DFP when treating patients with iron overload.

关键词： Thalassemia Iron overload Hepcidin Iron chelator G

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Prosthetic design of reverse shoulder arthroplasty contributes to scapular notching and instability

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第11期7卷 738-745页

作者： Gazi Huri Filippo Familiari Nima Salari Steve A Petersen Mahmut Nedim Doral Edward G mc Farland Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery Hacettepe University Medical School Division of Shoulder Surgery Department of Orthopaedic Surgerythe Johns Hopkins University

AIM To evaluate whether implant design, glenoid positioning, and other factors influenced instability and scapular notching in reverse total shoulder *** We retrospectively reviewed records of patients who had undergone reverse total shoulder arthroplasty by the senior author from July 2004 through October 2011 and who had at least 24 mo of follow-up. The 58 patients who met the criteria had 65 arthroplasties: 18 with a Grammont-type prosthesis(Grammont group) and 47 with a lateral-based prosthesis(lateral-design group). We compared the groups by rates of scapular notching and instability and by radiographic markers of glenoid position and tilt. We also compared glenoid sphere sizes and the number of subscapularis tendon repairs between the groups. Rates were compared using the Fisher exact test. Notching severity distribution was compared using the χ2 test of association. Significance was set at P < *** The Grammont group had a higher incidence of scapular notching(13 of 18; 72%) than the lateral-design group(11 of 47; 23%)(P < 0.001) and a higher incidence of instability(3 of 18; 17%) than the lateral-design group(0 of 47; 0%)(P = 0.019). Glenoid position, glenoid sphere size, and subscapularis tendon repair were not predictive of scapular notching or instability, independent of implantdesign. With the lateral-based prosthesis, each degree of inferior tilt of the baseplate was associated with a 7.3% reduction in the odds of developing notching(odds ratio 0.937, 95%CI: 0.894-0.983). CONCLUSION The lateral-based prosthesis was associated with less instability and notching compared with the Grammonttype prosthesis. Prosthesis design appears to be more important than glenoid positioning.

关键词： Arthroplasty Reverse Instability Scapular notching Shoulder

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香港脑损伤患者的出院后服务(英文)

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中国康复医学杂志 2011年第12期26卷 1098-1103页

作者： Helena MK Tam Tatia mc Lee Laboratory of Neuropsychology The University of Hong Kong

目的:建立针对脑损伤患者及其看护者的可负担、易获取的出院后电话跟进服务,并为发展区域内有成本效益的连续监护体制提供实证基础。方法:本研究从香港大学玛丽医院脑外科招募35名成年脑损伤患者和26名看护者。参与者在出院后第4周和第1... 详细信息

目的:建立针对脑损伤患者及其看护者的可负担、易获取的出院后电话跟进服务,并为发展区域内有成本效益的连续监护体制提供实证基础。方法:本研究从香港大学玛丽医院脑外科招募35名成年脑损伤患者和26名看护者。参与者在出院后第4周和第12周各接受一次结构化的电话访谈。有调整能力不足风险的患者与看护者将被送交进一步的医疗咨询或心理干预。患者的生理和认知功能,以及患者与看护者的情感功能、知觉到的社会支持和对当前所提供的服务的满意程度都被列入调查。结果:大部分患者报告他们的生理状况有明显改善。相当多的患者在出院后经历过认知困难并报告所接受到的社会心理支持不足。大多数看护者报告在看护期间健康、情感功能和社会生活受损。患者与看护者都对服务表示满意,看护者的满意程度更高。结论:脑损伤患者及其看护者都受益于出院后电话跟进服务。两者都同意该项服务有助于识别有调整能力不足风险的个体,并提供及时的建议和情感支持。看护工作会明显损害看护者的生理、情感功能和社会生活,提示需要为他们提供关于看护技巧、生活调整和压力管理的意见与建议。

关键词：脑损伤认知功能出院后跟进服务看护者压力

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Potential availability of non-woody biomass feedstock for pellet production within the Republic of Ireland

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2010年第1期3卷 63-73页

作者： Anthony Nolan Kevin mc Donnell Ger J.Devlin John P.Carroll John Finnan Biosystems Engineering UCD School of AgricultureFood Science and Veterinary MedicineUniversity College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland Teagasc Crops Research Centre Oak ParkCarlowIreland

The threat of increasing fuel prices and climate change necessitates the need for clean,renewable and independent energy sources.A GIS(Geographical Information Systems)model was developed using ArcGIS 9.2 to analyze the availability of non-woody biomass(wheat,oat,barley and rape straw,willow and miscanthus)for pellet production in *** within the heating and electricity sector would displace currently used fossil fuels with cleaner,carbon neutral non-woody *** aim of the analysis was to determine the total hectares of biomass within Ireland and compute the potential non-woody biomass *** greatest potential source of biomass for pelleting is cereal *** the Republic of Ireland the South-East,South-West and Mid-East of Ireland have the greatest biomass yield for pellet production and likely to be most economically ***-woody biomass has a realistic potential to displace fossil fuels within the heating and electricity sector resulting in CO2 mitigation.

关键词： biomass pellet production non-woody biomass GIS analysis renewable energy source CO2 mitigation

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Preventing pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile infections with probiotics: A metaanalysis

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2013年第3期1卷 102-120页

作者： Lynne V mc Farland Shan Goh Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of Washington Seattle WA 98101 United States Department of Pathology and Pathogen Biology Royal Veterinary College Hawkshead Lane Hatfield Hertfordshire AL9 7TA United Kingdom

AIM： To assess the effcacy and safety of probiotics for preventing pediatric：（1） antibiotic associated diarrhea and （2） Clostridium diffcile （C. diffcile） ***： On June 3, 2013, we searched PubMed （1960-2013）, EMBASE （1974-2013）, Cochrane Da-tabase of Systematic Reviews （1990-2013）, CINAHL （1981-2013）, AMED （1985-2013）, and ISI Web of Science （2000-2013）. Additionally, we conducted an extensive grey literature search including contact with National Institutes of Health Clinical Trials Registry, abstracts from annual infectious disease and gastroen-terology meetings, experts in the feld and correspondence with authors. The primary outcomes were the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea （AAD） and C. difficile infections （CDI）. Dichotomous outcomes （e.g. , incidence of AAD or CDI） were pooled using a random-effects model to calculate the relative risk and corresponding 95% confidence interval （95%CI） and weighted on study quality. To explore possible explanations for heterogeneity, a priori subgroup analysis were conducted on probiotic strain type, daily dose, quality of study and safety of probiotics. The overall quality of the evidence supporting each outcome was assessed using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation ***： A total of 1329 studies were identifed with 22 trials （23 treatment arms and 4155 participants） meeting eligibility requirements for our review of prevention of AAD and 5 trials （1211 participants） for the prevention of CDI. Trials in adult populations, trials of uncertain antibiotic exposure or studies which did not provide incidence of AAD were excluded. We found 12 trials testing a single strain of probiotic and 10 trials testing a mixture of probiotic strains. Probiotics （all strains combined） signifcantly reduced the incidence of pediatric AAD （pooled RR = 0.42, 95%CI： 0.33-0.53） and significantly reduced pediatric CDI （pooled RR = 0.35, 95%CI： 0.13-0.92）. Of the two strains wi

关键词： Probiotics Pediatric Antibiotic-associated diarrhea Clostridium diffcile Saccharomyces boulardii Lactobacillus rhamnosus Safety Meta-analysis Randomized clinical trials

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Is Free-Software Open-Source ready for Medical Applications?

Is Free-Software Open-Source ready for Medical Applications?

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2008 IEEE International Symposium on IT in Medicine and Education(ITME 2008)

作者： Nicholas mc Guire Distributed ＆ Embedded System Lab（DSLab） Lanzhou UniversityChina Engineering Research Center of Open Source Software and Real-Time Systems Ministry of EducationLanzhou UniversityChina

While in the past years free-software has gained some acceptance in the domain of medical applications it has been mainly focused on quite typical IT-infrastructure cases -may that be billing systems,data warehousing,databases and content management systems a second area where free software has made prominent entrance has been in the area of imaging and high-volume data *** the area of medical devices,with rare exceptions,free-software is still quite underrepresented -in part due to acceptance but in part also due to plain technical ***/Linux,real-time and embedded variants and many free-software projected have made there way into medical applications -but is Free-software ready to cover the wide area of demands on medical platforms and there applications? The demands of medical platforms stretch more or less the entire range of computational capabilities: * battery powered -robust against power-failures * reliable in rough environment * compliant with safety regulations * robust and secure software platforms * standalone,networked all the way to clusters * extensibility for specialized hardware and software * from head-less to multithread graphical user-interfaces And all this for devices that sometimes only will be built in a few 10s or hundred devices? What advantages could free-software have here -what limitations are there -where do we still need to do *** software is not the answer to all problems in medical computing （or in any other area） -but it has a plethora of innovative and powerful solutions to *** will outline some of them along with some outstanding medical applications that have been built on free-software components.

关键词： Open source software Medical services Biomedical equipment Biomedical imaging Software safety Robustness Warehousing Image databases Content management Data processing

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Effects of the methanolic seeds extract of Carica Papaya on plasmodium Berghei infected mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第3期2卷 1-6页

作者： Amazu LU Ebong OO Azikiwe CCA Unekwe PC Siminialayi MI Nwosu PJC Ezeani mc Obidiya OS Ajugwo AO Department of Pharmacology Madonna UniversityElele CampusEleleNigeria Department of Pharmacology Schoolof Health SciencesUniversity of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria Department of Pharmacology School of Health SciencesUniversity of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria Department of Haematology/Immunology College of Medicine and Health SciencesMadonna UniversityElele CampusEleleNigeria Department of Clinical Pharmacy Faculty of PharmacyNiger Delta UniversityWilberforce IslandAmassomaBayelsa StateNigeria

Objective:The leaves extract of Carica Papaya（***）papaya has been shown to possess antimalarial activity, thus this work aims at finding out if the plants antimalarial activity is present in or extended to the ***:The seeds of *** were collected from its fruit,air dried for 5 days and ground into fine powder.80.65 g of the powder was then soaked for 48hours in 300 mL of *** was carried out using Whatman No.1 filter *** filtrate was evaporated to dryness by a three-day continuous heating on a hot plate of 30℃.The dry extract yield was scraped out of the Petri dish weighed and refrigerated until required. The percentage extract yield was calculated out from the initial powder weight.A preliminary phytochemical study was done by re-dissolving the appropriate amount of the dry extract in distilled water and appropriate test reagent *** LD50 of the seeds of *** was carried out using arithmetic *** albino Mice of both sexes and of average weight of 18-25 g were used as animals for antimalarial *** were housed in standard animal house,fed on Rats/Mice pellets and had non restricted excess to both feed and water throughout the 60day study *** the non pregnant female Mice were used as test animals,the male animals were used as malaria parasite *** were taken to ensure that all animals in the study groups were free from infection with Eperythrozoon *** female animals were then divided into three main groups（A-C） of 25 animals per *** A was used for malaria suppressive study（early infection -day 0-3） and was further subdivided to 5 subgroups（a-e） of 5animals per *** B was used for malaria curative study（established malaria infection-day 3-7） and was further subdivided to 5subgroups（a-e） of 5animals per *** C was used for malaria prophylactic study（repository-4days treatment prior to malaria parasite infection） and was also further subdivi

关键词： Plasmodium berghei Plasmodiasis Seeds of Carica papaya Malaria Medicinal plants

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俄罗斯机床工业的科研中心-ЭHИmc

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制造技术与机床 1992年第12期 3-7页

作者： ЭHИmc Б.И. черпаков ,李锐锋

我刊在本期和１９９３年第１期、第２期集中刊登的独联体的文章，是我《机床》杂志和独联体《机床与工具》杂志相互交换刊登的论文。这对进一步了解独联体机床工业情况，交流科技成果及信息是有益的。我刊推荐的文章将发表在他们的《... 详细信息

我刊在本期和１９９３年第１期、第２期集中刊登的独联体的文章，是我《机床》杂志和独联体《机床与工具》杂志相互交换刊登的论文。这对进一步了解独联体机床工业情况，交流科技成果及信息是有益的。我刊推荐的文章将发表在他们的《机床与工具》杂志和独联体的金属切削机床实验科学研究院的论文集上。今后，我们还将选送一些文章到国外进行交流，欢迎大家踊跃投稿。一本刊一

关键词：机床工业金属加工工业数控系统数控车床数控机床俄罗斯 mc

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