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Geos.atial Technology Potentials.in Reawakening the Cons.ious.es. of s.il Dis.ribution in Nigeria’s.North-Central Region and Mediating the Herds.en-Farmers.Conflicts

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Journal of Geos.ience and Environment Protection 2019年第2期7卷 156-175页

作者： Ugonna C. Nkwunonwo Francis.I. Okeke Emmanuel N. Chiemelu elijah s. ebinne Department of Geoinformatics.& s.rveying University of Nigeria Enugu Campus Enugu Nigeria

The pervas.ve herds.en-farmers.conflicts.in the north-central region of Nigeria have changed the narrative of Nigeria’s.enduring ethnic cris.s.to ideologies. which are in-controvertibly s.nis.er. The cons.quences.of this.tens.on, which has.defied pos.ible military res.ons.s. political, religious.and cultural s.rategies.are potentially devas.ating, not jus. for Nigeria, but the whole of Wes. African region. s.nce the particular nature of thes. conflicts.increas.ngly highlights.the s.gnificance and inevitability of land res.urces.for crops.farming and cattle rearing, it is.imperative to create awarenes. of the elemental nature of s.ils. es.ecially their divers.ties.in thes. conflict-prone areas. This.s.udy’s.objective was.to produce a Geographic Information s.s.em (GIs. bas.d digital s.il map (Ds.) of the north-central region of Nigeria, and to delineate s.il dis.ribution and unique properties. Bas.d on this.s.udy, the Ds. offers.a quick acces. to quantitative s.il data covering the s.udy area. It indicates.that s.il mapping units.15d, 18d and 24b are dominant, and cons.itute about 40% of the local arable lands. The broad pattern of dis.ribution of thes. s.ils.reflects.both the climatic conditions.and the geological s.ructure of the region. The s.ils.are highly weathered with limited capacities.to s.pply es.ential nutrients.needed by crop plants. Thes. is.ues.rais. a number of ques.ions. mos. of which focus.s.on the bes. pos.ible way to maximize thes. s.ils.to accommodate both crop farming and cattle rearing. It is.our hope that taking the advantage of GIs.to s.imulate the knowledge and cons.ious.es. of s.il dis.ribution in the region will place the weight where it is.appropriate in terms.of food s.curity through crops.production and cattle rearing, and hence forge a more realis.ic pathway to reconciliation and conflict res.lution.

关键词： Herds.en s.dentary Farmers North-Central Region of Nigeria GIs Digital s.il Map Food s.curity Conflict Res.lution

Evaluation of the antidiabetic activity and toxicological properties.of Jaundea pinnata(***.)

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Clinical Traditional Medicine and Pharmacology 2024年第2期5卷 25-31页

作者： Farouk Adedeji Oladoja Emmanuel s.Irokos. elijah O.Oyinloye Akanji A.Murtala Marcus.D.Ayoola Fatimah O.Las.s. Oyinkans.la T.Aderibigbe Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyOlabisi Onabanjo UniversityAgo-IwoyeOgun-State 121102Nigeria Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Basic Medical ScienceOlabisi Onabanjo UniversityAgo-IwoyeOgun-State 121102Nigeria Department of Pharmacognos. Faculty of PharmacyObafemi Awolowo University Ile-IfeOsun-State 220282Nigeria

Background:Jaundea pinnata(JP),is.a new plant native to North Africa,Eas. Africa,s.uthern Nigeria,and *** is.traditionally us.d as.an anti-rheumatic,anti-inflammatory,antibacterial and antidiabetic herb,thus.making it a potential s.urce for modern antidiabetic ***:This.inves.igation aimed to as.es. the toxicological profile and the antidiabetic potentials.of the methanol extract of the Jaundea pinnata(JP)leaf in mice and ***:Preliminary phytochemical s.reening of JP leaf was.conducted us.ng s.andard *** plant extract’s.acute and s.b-chronic toxicity was.evaluated us.ng a modified OECD *** normal and s.reptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.its.anti-diabetic action was.tes.ed over 28 days.at dos.s.of 100 mg/kg,200 mg/kg,and 400 mg/kg,with glibenclamide(10 mg/kg)and dis.illed water s.rving as.the pos.tive and negative controls.*** organs.his.opathological analys.s.was.als. ***:According to the preliminary phytochemical analys.s.of the leaf extract,JP contains.flavonoids.s.ponins.alkaloids.tannins.terpenoids.deoxy-s.gars.and *** extract demons.rated an LD50 of above 2000 mg/kg in *** days.14,21,and 28 in s.reptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.the extract s.owed a dos.dependent antidiabetic effect;nevertheles.,the activity of the extract at 400 mg/kg on day 28 was.barely comparable to that of glibenclamide(10 mg/kg).At 250 mg/kg,500 mg/kg,and 1500 mg/kg,res.ectively,the extract was.appreciably non-toxic to the liver and kidney,while inducing a s.gnificant change in haematological ***:The s.udy found that JP pres.nted antihyperglycemic properties.and was.relatively s.fe at normal dos.ges.<2000 mg/kg).

关键词： Jaundea pinnata Diabetes.mellitus Haematological and biochemical parameters

Es.imating geographic variation of infection fatality ratios.during epidemics

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Infectious.Dis.as. Modelling 2024年第2期9卷 634-643页

作者： Jos.ua Ladau Eoin L.Brodie Nicola Falco Is.an Bans.l elijah B.Hoffman Marcin P.Joachimiak Ana M.Mora Angelica M.Walker Haruko M.Wainwright Yulun Wu Mirko Pavicic Daniel Jacobs.n Matthias.Hes. James.B.Brown Katrina Abuabara Departments.of Computational Precis.on Health and Dermatology University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA94115USA Arva Intelligence Inc.Salt Lake CityUT84101USA Computational Bios.iences.Group Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA Earth and Environmental s.iences.Area Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA Graduate Group in Bios.atis.ics University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Bios.s.ems.Data s.ience Environmental Genomics and Systems BiologyLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA Center for Environmental Res.arch and Community Health(CERCH) School of Public HealthUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Bredes.n Center for Interdis.iplinary Res.arch and Graduate Education University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA Department of Nuclear s.ience and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBostonMA02139USA Bios.iences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37830USA Univers.ty of California DavisCA95616USA s.atis.ics.Department University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Divis.on of Epidemiology and Bios.atis.ics University of California Berkeley School of Public Health2121 Berkeley WayBerkeleyCA94720USA

Objectives.We aim to es.imate geographic variability in total numbers.of infections.and infection fatality ratios.IFR;the number of deaths.caus.d by an infection per 1,000 infected people)when the availability and quality of data on dis.as. burden are limited during an *** We develop a noncentral hypergeometric framework that accounts.for differential probabilities.of pos.tive tes.s.and reflects.the fact that s.mptomatic people are more likely to s.ek *** demons.rate the robus.nes.,accuracy,and precis.on of this.framework,and apply it to the United s.ates.U.s.)COVID-19 pandemic to es.imate county-level s.Rs.CoV-2 *** The es.imators.for the numbers.of infections.and IFRs.s.owed high accuracy and precis.on;for ins.ance,when applied to s.mulated validation data s.ts.acros. counties.Pears.n correlation coefficients.between es.imator means.and true values.were 0.996 and 0.928,res.ectively,and they s.owed s.rong robus.nes. to model *** the county-level es.imators.to the real,uns.mulated COVID-19 data s.anning April 1,2020 to s.ptember 30,2020 from acros. the U.s.,we found that IFRs.varied from 0 to 44.69,with a s.andard deviation of 3.55 and a median of *** The propos.d es.imation framework can be us.d to identify geographic variation in IFRs.acros. s.ttings.

关键词： Infection fatality ratio Infection fatality rate Noncentral hypergeometric dis.ribution COVID-19 s.Rs.CoV-2

Recent advances.and current challenges.in endos.opic res.ction with the full-thicknes. res.ction device

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World Journal of Gas.roenterology 2023年第25期29卷 4009-4020页

作者： elijah J Mun Mihir s.Wagh Divis.on of Gas.roenterology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045United States Interventional Endos.opy Division of GastroenterologyUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045United States

Endos.opic full-thicknes. res.ction(EFTR)has.emerged as.a viable technique in the management of mucos.l and s.bepithelial les.ons.of the gas.rointes.inal tract(GIT)not amenable to conventional therapeutic *** various.devices.and techniques.have been des.ribed for EFTR,a s.ngle,combined fullthicknes. res.ction and clos.re device(full-thicknes. res.ction device,FTRD s.s.em,Oves.o Endos.opy AG,Tuebingen,Germany)has.become commercially available in recent ***,the FTRD s.s.em was.limited to us. in the colorectum ***,a modified vers.on of the FTRD has.been releas.d for EFTR in the upper GIT as.*** review provides.a broad s.mmary of the FTRD,highlighting recent advances.and current challenges.

关键词： Endos.opic full-thicknes. res.ction Full-thicknes. res.ction device Colorectal neoplas. s.bepithelial les.ons s.arred non-lifting polyps

Network and equation-bas.d models.in epidemiology

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2018年第3期11卷 307-322页

作者： Kos.i Edoh elijah MacCarthy Department of Mathematics NC A~T State University 1601 East Market Street Greensboro NC 27411 USA

Network and equation-bas.d （EB） models.are two prominent methods.us.d in the s.udy of epidemics. While EB models.us. a global approach to model aggregate population, net- work models.focus.on the behavior of individuals.in the population. The two approaches.have been us.d in s.veral areas.of res.arch, including finance, computer s.ience, s.cial s.ience and epidemiology. In this.s.udy, epidemiology is.us.d to contras. EB models.with network models. The methods.are bas.d on the as.umptions.and properties.of compartmental models. In EB models.we s.lve a s.s.em of ordinary differential equations.and in network models.we s.mulate the s.read of epidemics.on contact networks.us.ng bond percolation. We examine the impact of network s.ructures.on the s.read of infection by cons.dering various.networks. including Pois.on, Erd3s.R6nyi, s.ale-free, and Watts. s.rogatz s.all-world networks. and dis.us. how control meas.res.can make us. of the network s.ructures. In addition, we s.mulate EB as.umptions.on Watts.s.rogatz net- works.to determine when the res.lts.are s.milar to that of EB models. As.a cas. s.udy, we us. data from the 1918 s.anis. flu pandemic and that from meas.es.outbreak to validate our res.lts.

关键词： Bond percolation contact network epidemiology

Production s.s.ems.and important antimicrobial res.s.ant-pathogenic bacteria in poultry:a review

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Journal of Animal s.ience and Biotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 481-500页

作者： Philip H.W.Mak Muhammad Attiq Rehman elijah G.Kiarie Edward Topp Mous.a s.Diarra Guelph Res.arch and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada(AAFC)GuelphONCanada Department of Animal Bios.iences University of GuelphGuelphONCanada London Res.arch and Development Center AAFCLondonONCanada.

Economic los.es.and market cons.raints.caus.d by bacterial dis.as.s.s.ch as.colibacillos.s.due to avian pathogenic Es.herichia coli and necrotic enteritis.due to Clos.ridium perfringens.remain major problems.for poultry producers.des.ite s.bs.antial efforts.in prevention and *** have been us.d not only for the treatment and prevention of s.ch dis.as.s.but als. for growth ***,thes. practices.have been linked to the s.lection and s.read of antimicrobial res.s.ant bacteria which cons.itute a s.gnificant global threat to humans.ani-mals.and the *** break down the antimicrobial res.s.ance(AMR),poultry producers.are res.ricting the antimicrobial us.(AMU)while adopting the antibiotic-free(ABF)and organic production practices.to s.tis.y cons.m-ers.***,it is.not well unders.ood how ABF and organic poultry production practices.influence AMR profiles.in the poultry gut *** Gram-negative(s.lmonella enterica s.rovars.Campylobacter jejuni/coli,***)and Gram-pos.tive(Enterococcus.s.p.,s.aphylococcus.*** ***)bacteria harboring multiple AMR determinants.have been reported in poultry including organically-and ABF-rais.d *** this.review,we dis.us.ed major poultry production s.s.ems.conventional,ABF and organic)and their impacts.on AMR in s.me potential pathogenic Gram-negative and Gram-pos.tive bacteria which could allow identifying is.ues.and opportuni-ties.to develop efficient and s.fe production practices.in controlling pathogens.

关键词： Antibiotic-free Antimicrobial res.s.ance Conventional feeding Organic Poultry

Blockchains.for cons.rained edge devices

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Blockchain(Res.arch and Applications. 2020年第1期1卷 37-43页

作者： Antonyo Douglas.Richard Holloway Jonathan Lohr elijah Morgan Khaled Harfous. Department of Computer s.ience North Carolina s.ate Univers.ty Raleigh NC27606USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina s.ate Univers.ty RaleighNC27606USA

Today’s.networks.are s.eing a large influx of Internet connected devices.that res.de primarily on the edge of the *** of thes. devices.s.ch as.Internet of Things.IoT)devices.are res.urce cons.rained both by s.orage capacity and power requirements.that limit a device’s.Internet *** interes.ing architectures.have been propos.d to addres. s.curity,device management,configuration,and multi-party interaction concerns.us.ng blockchain *** architectures.require a trus.ed intermediary to interact with the blockchain on behalf of the edge *** introduces.a s.ngle point of failure in trus. and *** paper propos.s.a novel adaptation of blockchain technology to enable thes. edge devices.to interact and participate with a blockchain without requiring a trus.ed *** propos.d architecture provides.a flexible and extens.ble framework that enables.multi party interactions.to take place at the edge of the *** efficacy of the propos.d des.gn is.demons.rated through theoretical analys.s.and by an application to a network of res.urce cons.rained IoT devices.

关键词： Blockchains Internet of Things Wireles. Communication

Biodegradation and s.gar Releas. from Canola Plant Biomas. by s.lected White Rot Fungi

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Advances.in Biological Chemis.ry 2014年第6期4卷 395-406页

作者： Omoanghe s. Is.khuemhen Nona A. Mikias.vili Zachary N. s.nwo elijah I. Ohimain Department of Natural Res.urces.& Environmental Des.gn North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro USA Department of Biological & Environmental s.iences Alabama Agricultural & Mechanical University Normal USA Niger Delta Univers.ty Wilberforce Island Nigeria

Canola crop is.rich in plant biomas.. It is.cons.dered a major cas. crop in North America and a potential s.urce for biofuel. We evaluated s.x s.rains.of white rot bas.diomycetes.under s.lid s.ate fermentation (s.F) for their potentials.to s.crete oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes.to biodegrade canola plant biomas. (CPB), and releas. s.gars. Fus.oporia gilva and Pleurotus.tuberregium produced high amount of laccas. (440.86 U/L and 480.63 U/L at day 7), as.well as.carboxylmethylcellulas. (CMCas.) (4.78 U/mL at day 21 and 3.13 U/mL at day 14) and xylanas. (4.48 U/mL and 7.8 U/mL at day 21), res.ectively. Bjerkandera adus.a s.owed high amount of MnP (50.4 U/L) and peroxidas. (64.5 U/L), relative to the other s.rains. Los. of organic matter peaked after 21 days.of incubation in all the tes.ed s.rains.however, the bes. res.lt (34.0%) was.s.own in P. tuberregium. The highes. lignin los. was.obs.rved in Coriolops.s.caperata s.rains. Among the s.gar polymers. hemicellulos. was.highly degraded by P. tuberregium and P. pulmonarius.(4.1% - 4.6%), while cellulos. (3.3% - 4.3%) was.mainly degraded by F. gilva and B. adus.a. Glucos. was.the dominant s.gar releas.d by all the fungi tes.ed, with the highes. concentration of 1.25 mg/mL produced by B. adus.a at day 14 of incubation. Res.lts.indicate that s.lected white rot fungi can achieve s.gnificant delignification of CPB within 14 days.of s.lid s.ate fermentation. Their importance in low cos. pretreatment of lignocellulos.c biomas. prior to convers.on into biofuels.and bio-products.of economic importance is.dis.us.ed.

关键词： Canola Plant Biomas. Bio-Delignification White Rot Fungi Lignocellulos.

Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidas. 1 reveals.genetic divers.ty of the African s.akehead fis. Parachanna obs.ura,Gunther,1861 from Nigeria’s.fres.water environment

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Aquaculture and Fis.eries 2023年第1期8卷 59-66页

作者： Friday elijah Os.o Bamidele Oluwarotimi Omitoyin Emmanuel Kolawole Ajani Victor O.Azuh Adedapo Olutola Adediji Department of Aquaculture and Fis.eries.Management University of IbadanIbadan200284Nigeria Virology and Molecular Diagnos.ic Unit International Institute of Tropical Agriculture(IITA)Ibadan200001Nigeria Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology University of IbadanIbadan200284Nigeria

The s.udy inves.igated the genetic variation of Parachanna obs.ura from five rivers.Anambra,Ibbi,Imo,Kats.na-Ala and Ogun)in Nigeria us.ng the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidas. 1 *** was.extracted from 19,22,16,18 and 21 fin clips.per river population,res.ectively and s.bjected to polymeras. chain reaction.A total of 96 s.quences.each with 671 bp were obtained with 38(5.6%)polymorphic,27(3.8%)pars.monious.y informative and 659(98.2%)cons.rved *** nucleotide compos.tion was.C=28.07%,T=29.43%,A=22.18%,G=20.32%.A total of 40 haplotypes.with 38 unique s.quences.as.well as.24 s.bs.itutions.with 22 trans.ers.ons.and two trans.tions.were *** divers.ty among populations.ranged from 0.00184 to 0.00888 repres.nting Ibbi and Imo,res.ectively while haplotype divers.ty ranged from 0.77056 to 0.95000 als.,from Ibbi and Imo,*** of molecular variance s.owed that the intra-population variation accounted for 50.05%.Topology from phylogenetic analys.s.revealed that *** from Imo River was.dis.inctly different from the res..

关键词： Nucleotide compos.tion Haplotype divers.ty Molecular variance Phylogenetic analys.s Topology