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Using lysosomal membrane stability of haemocytes in Ruditapes philippinarum as a biomarker of cellular stress to assess contamination by caffeine, ibuprofen, carbamazepine and novobiocin

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第7期25卷 1408-1418页

作者： Gabriela V. Aguirre-Martínez Sara Buratti elena Fabbri Angel T. DelValls M. laura Martín-Díaz Unitwin/Unesco/WiCoP Physical Chemistry Department University of Cdiz Faculty of Marine and Environmental SciencesPolígono Río San Pedro s/n 11510 Puerto Real Cdiz Spain Andalusian Center for Marine Science and Technology (CACYTMAR) Campus Universitariode Puerto Real11510 Puerto Real Cdiz Spain University of Bologna Interdepartment Centre for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRSA)via S. Alberto 16348123 Ravenna Italy

Although pharmaceuticals have beendetected in the environment only in the range from ng/l to μg/l, it has beendemonstrated that they can adversely affect the health status of aquatic organisms. lysosomal membrane stability （lMS） has previously been applied as an indicator of cellularwell-being todetermine health status in bivalve mussels. The objective of this study is to evaluate lMS in Ruditapes philippinarum haemolymph using the neutral red retention assay （NRRA）. Clamswere exposed in laboratory conditions to caffeine （0.1, 5, 15, 50 μg/l）, ibuprofen （0.1, 5, 10, 50 μg/l）, carbamazepine and novobiocin （both at 0.1, 1, 10, 50 μg/l） for35days. Results show adose-dependent effect of the pharmaceuticals. The neutral red retention time measured at the end of the bioassaywas significantly reduced by 50% after exposure to environmental concentrations （p 〈 0.05）（caffeine = 15 μg/l; ibuprofen = 10 μg/l; carbamazepine = 1 μg/l and novobiocin = 1 μg/l）, compared to controls. Clams exposed to these pharmaceuticalswere considered to present adiminished health status （retention time 〈45 min）, significantlyworse than controls （96 min）（p 〈 0.05）. The predicted no environmental effect concentration （PNEC） results showed that these pharmaceuticals are very toxic at the environmental concentrations tested. Measurement of the alteration of lMS has been found to be a sensitive technique that enables evaluation of the health status of clams after exposure to pharmaceuticals under laboratory conditions, thus representing a robust Tier-1 screening biomarker.

关键词： neutral red pharmaceuticals bioassay haemolymph bivalves health status Manila clam

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Endoscopic response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors predicts long term benefits in Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第14期25卷 1764-1774页

作者： Ignacio Alfaro Maria Carme Masamunt Nuria Planell Alicia lópez-García Jesús Castro Marta Gallego Rebeca Barastegui Angel Giner Alejandro Vara Azucena Salas elena Ricart Julián Panés Ingrid Ordás Gastroenterology Department Hospital Clínic de Barcelona Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) University of Barcelona

BACKGROUND Identifying predictors of therapeutic response is the cornerstone of personalized *** To identify predictors of long-term mucosal healing(MH) in patients with Crohn's disease(CD) treated with tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) *** Prospective single center study. Consecutive patients with clinically active CD requiring treatment with a TNF-α inhibitor were included. A baseline segmental CD Endoscopic Index of Severity(CDEIS) ≥ 10 in at least one segment or the presence of ulcerations were required for inclusion. Clinical, biological and endoscopic data were obtained at baseline, weeks 14 and 46. Endoscopic response(ER) was defined as a decrease ≥ 50% from baseline CDEIS and MH as partial CDEIS ≤ 5 in all *** Of 62 patients were included. At baseline, median CD Activity Index and CDEIS were 201 and 6.7, respectively with a significant reduction after one year of treatment(53 and 3.0 respectively, P line disease characteristics or biomarkers did not predict MH. A decrease from baseline CDEIS at week 14 of at least 80% was the best predictor of MH at week 46(59% sensitivity and 91% specificity; area under the curve =0.778).CONClUSION Clinical and biomarker data are not useful predictors of response to TNF-αinhibitors in CD, whereas ER to induction therapy, defined as 80% reduction in global CDEIS, is a robust predictor of long-term MH. Achievement of this endoscopic endpoint may be considered as a therapeutic target for anti-TNF-αtherapy.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Endoscopy Mucosal healing Crohn’s Disease Endoscopic Index of Severity Tumor necrosis factor

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Cesium as Alkali Promoter in Me-Cs (Me = Cu, Co, Fe)/ Al2O3Structured Catalysts for the Simultaneous Removal of Soot and NOx

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Modern Research in Catalysis 2013年第3期2卷 57-62页

作者： Sonia Ascaso María elena Gálvez Rafael Moliner María Jesús lázaro Instituto de Carboquímica Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Miguel Luesma Castán Zaragoza Spain

Structured catalysts for the simultaneous removal of soot and nitrogen oxides were prepared by means of coating cordierite monoliths with alumina-based suspensions containing Cu, Co or Fe and Cs as the catalytically active phase. Textural and chemical properties of the coated monoliths were determined by means of N2-physisorption, SEM and temperature programmed reduction. Their activity in the simultaneous removal of soot and NOx was assayed in a lab-scale installation, using a carbon black as diesel surrogate. Catalysts containing Cs exhibited significant activity in deNOx, however soot oxidation activity is poorly enhanced probably due to the low NO2 evolution, pointing to a different NOx adsorption mechanism in the present case, in comparison to previous observations on analogous K and Ba containing catalysts.

关键词： Exhaust Gas Cleaning NOx Selective Reduction Soot Oxidation Cesium Washcoating Structured Catalysts

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Mesozoic decratonization of the North China block

Mesozoic decratonization of the North China block

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2008学术年会

作者： Simon A.Wilde elena Belousova William l.Griffin Department of Applied Geology Curtin University of TechnologyP.O.Box U1987PerthWestern Australia 6845Australia Australian Research Council's National Key Centre for Geochemical Evolution and Metallogeny of Continents(GEMOC) Department of Earth and Planetary SciencesMacquarie UniversityNew South Wales 2109Australia

Cratons are old,stable parts of the continental crust that have survived at least since Proterozoic time and have not undergone strong magmatism or tectonism since their stabilization. Traditionally,the growth of continental crust in the North China craton is considered to have been complete by Paleoproterozoic time,Phanerozoic events being largely restricted to surrounding orogenic ***,the eastern part of the North China craton contains large volumes of Mesozoic igneous rocks,with widespread metamorphic core complexes and pull-apart *** isotope compositions of magmatic zircon grains from igneous rocks in the liaodong Peninsula indicate that widespread late Mesozoic granitoids formed by partial melting of ancient crust,but with significant input of a mantle component via magma mixing and crustal *** magmatism has resulted from removal and modification of lithospheric mantle,accompanied by asthenospheric *** Hf isotopic signatures thus record the addition of juvenile crust beneath the eastern part of the North China craton,which appears related to major extension and possibly slab rollback of the Pacific *** the mechanism,it is apparent that since ca.200 Ma,ancient lithosphere beneath the eastern North China craton has been progressively reactivated and replaced, resulting in"decratonization."Tertiary to Holocene volcanism in the area and major subsidence around the Gulf of Bohai suggest that the effects of the process are *** processes probably operated in the geological past,leading to significant modification of continental crust and requiring reconsideration of mechanisms for continental breakup and dispersal and of continental growth rates.

关键词： decratonization Phanerozoic crustal growth North China craton zircon Hf isotope magmatism

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Protective effect of resveratrol against cadmium-induced toxicity on ovine oocyte in vitro maturation and fertilization

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第1期14卷 152-165页

作者： Anna Rita Piras Federica Ariu Alessio Maltana Giovanni Giuseppe leoni Nicola Antonio Martino Antonella Mastrorocco Maria elena Dell’Aquila luisa Bogliolo Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Sassari07100 SassariSardiniaItaly. Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies&BiopharmaceuticsUniversity of Bari Aldo Moro70125 BariItaly.

Background:Heavy metal cadmium(Cd)is a widespread environmental contaminant with a potential toxicity that might negatively affect female reproduction and *** has been reported that Cd exposure impaired the quality of oocytes and led to a defective maturation and fertilization,through oxidative stress ***(Res)is a natural polyphenol with strong antioxidant properties that exhibited protective role in preventing oocyte redox homeostasis disruption and quality ***,we explored whether the addition of Res to in vitro maturation(IVM)medium might act as a protection against Cd-induced toxicity on ovine oocyte maturation and ***,we evaluated the effect of supplementing IVM medium with two different Res concentrations(1and 2μmol/l)on nuclear maturation and fertilization of oocytes matured under CdCl2(2μmol/l)***,the concentration of 1μmol/l Res was selected to analyse the effects of this compound on intracellular ROS levels,mitochondrial(mt)distribution and activity,chromatin configuration,cytoskeleton morphology,cortical granules(CGs)distribution and mRNA expression of genes associated with cellular response to oxidative stress(***1,SOD 1,GPX1,GSR,CAT)in Cd-exposed in vitro matured ***:We found that 1μmol/l Res restored the reduced oocyte meiotic competence induced by Cd exposure as well as,Res sustained oocyte ability to be normally fertilized and decreased polyspermic fertilization at both tested ***,we demonstrated that 1μmol/l Res mitigated Cd-induced alterations of oocyte cytoplasmic maturation by reducing reactive oxygen species(ROS)accumulation,preventing mt dysfunction,maintaining the correct meiotic spindle and cortical F-actin assembly and the normal cortical granule distribution as well as up-regulating SIRT1,SOD1 and GPX1 ***:Taken together,our findings highlighted the beneficial influence exerted by Res in preventing Cdinduced disturbance of

关键词： Cadmium In vitro maturation Oocyte Ovine Resveratrol

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Silybin counteracts lipid excess and oxidative stress in cultured steatotic hepatic cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第26期22卷 6016-6026页

作者： Giulia Vecchione elena Grasselli Adriana Voci Francesca Baldini Ignazio Grattagliano David QH Wang Piero Portincasa laura Vergani DISTAV Department of Earth Environment and Life Sciences University of Genova Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Saint Louis University School of Medicine

AIM: To investigate in vitro the therapeutic effect and mechanisms of silybin in a cellular model of hepatic ***: Rat hepatoma FaO cells were loaded with lipids by exposure to 0.75 mmol/l oleate/palmitate for 3 h to mimic liver steatosis. Then, the steatotic cells were incubated for 24 h with different concentrations (25 to 100 μmol/l) of silybin as phytosome complex with vitamin E. The effects of silybin on lipid accumulation and metabolism, and on indices of oxidative stress were evaluated by absorption and fluorescence microscopy, quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, spectrophotometric and fluorimetric ***: lipid-loading resulted in intracellular triglyceride (TG) accumulation inside lipid droplets, whose number and size increased. TG accumulation was mediated by increased levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c). The lipid imbalance was associated with higher production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in increased lipid peroxidation, stimulation of catalase activity and activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). Incubation of steatotic cells with silybin 50 μmol/l significantly reduced TG accumulation likely by promoting lipid catabolism and by inhibiting lipogenic pathways, as suggested by the changes in carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT-1), PPAR and SREBP-1c levels. The reduction in fat accumulation exerted by silybin in the steatotic cells was associated with the improvement of the oxidative imbalance caused by lipid excess as demonstrated by the reduction in ROS content, lipid peroxidation, catalase activity and NF-κB ***: We demonstrated the direct anti-steatotic and anti-oxidant effects of silybin in steatotic cells, thus elucidating at a cellular level the encouraging results demonstrated in clinical and animal studies.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Steatotic hepatocytes Silybin lipid metabolism Oxidative stress lipid droplets Mitochondrial β -oxidation

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Radiationless anapole states in on-chip photonics

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light(Science & Applications) 2021年第11期10卷 2161-2172页

作者： Evelyn Diaz-Escobar Thomas Bauer elena Pinilla-Cienfuegos Angela I.Barreda Amadeu Griol l.Kuipers Alejandro Martinez Nanophotonics Technology Center Universitat Politecnica de ValènciaCamino de Vera s/n46022ValenciaSpain Department of Quantum Nanoscience Kavli Institute of NanoscienceDelft University of Technology2600 GADelftThe Netherlands Institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller University JenaAlbert-Einstein-Straße 1507745JenaGermany

High-index nanoparticles are known to support radiationless states called anapoles,where dipolar and toroidal moments interfere to inhibit scattering to the far *** order to exploit the striking properties arising from these interference conditions in photonic integrated circuits,the particles must be driven in-plane via integrated ***,we address the excitation of electric anapole states in silicon disks when excited on-chip at telecom *** contrast to normal illumination,we find that the anapole condition-identified by a strong reduction of the scattering-does not overlap with the near-field energy maximum,an observation attributed to retardation *** experimentally verify the two distinct spectral regions in individual disks illuminated in-plane from closely placed waveguide terminations via far-field and near-field *** finding has important consequences concerning the use of anapole states and interference effects of other Mie-type resonances in high-index nanoparticles for building complex photonic integrated circuitry.

关键词： scattering waveguide states

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Enigmatic origin of hepatitis B virus:An ancient travelling companion or a recent encounter?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第24期20卷 7622-7634页

作者： Gianguglielmo Zehender Erika Ebranati elena Gabanelli Chiara Sorrentino Alessra lo Presti Elisabetta Tanzi Massimo Ciccozzi Massimo Galli l.Sacco Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences University of Milan20157 MilanItaly Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immunomediated DiseasesNational Institute of Health00161 RomeItaly Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health University of Milan20157 MilanItaly

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)is the leading cause of liver disease and infects an estimated 240 million people *** is characterised by a high degree of genetic heterogeneity because of the use of a reverse transcriptase during viral *** ten genotypes(A-J)that have been described so far further segregate into a number of subgenotypes which have distinct ethno-geographic *** A and D are ubiquitous and the most prevalent genotypes in Europe(mainly represented by subgenotypes D1-3 and A2);genotypes B and C are restricted to eastern Asia and Oceania;genotype E to central and western Africa;and genotypes H and F(classified into 4 subgenotypes)to latin America and *** review summarises the data obtained by studying the global phylodynamics and phylogeography of HBV genotypes,particularly those concerning the origin and dispersion histories of genotypes A,D,E and F and their *** lack of any consensus concerning the HBV substitution rate and the conflicting data obtained using different calibration approaches make the time of origin and divergence of the various genotypes and subgenotypes largely *** is hypothesised that HBV evolutionary rates are time dependent,and that the changes depend on the main transmission routes of the genotypes and the dynamics of the infected populations.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus genotypes and subgenotypes Phylogeography Population dynamics and epidemics Molecular epidemiology Hepatitis B virus phylodynamics

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Stem Cell Regulation by Arabidopsis WOX Genes

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Molecular Plant 2016年第7期9卷 1028-1039页

作者： Alicja Dolzblasz Judith Nardmann elena Clerici Barry Causier Eric van der Graaff Jinhui Chen Brendan Davies Wolfgang Werr Thomas laux BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies Faculty of Biology Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg 79104 Freiburg Germany Institute of Developmental Biology Biocenter Cologne University zu KoIn Zulpicher Street 47b 50674 K61n Germany Centre for Plant Sciences University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK present address: Department of Plant Developmental Biology Institute of Experimental Biology Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Wroclaw50-328 Wroclaw Poland present address: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Copenhagen Plant Science Center University of Copenhagen 1871 Taastrup Denmark Present address: Key laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology Ministry of Education Nanjing Forestry University 210037 Nanjing China

Gene amplification followed by functional diversification is a major force in evolution. A typical example of this is seen in the WUSCHEl-RElATED HOMEOBOX （WOX） gene family, named after the Arabidopsis stem cell regulator WUSCHEl. Here we analyze functional divergence in the WOX gene family. Members of the WUS clade, except the cambium stem cell regulator WOX4, can substitute for WUS function in shoot and floral stem cell maintenance to different degrees. Stem cell function of WUS requires a canonical WUS-box, essential for interaction with TPl/TPR co-repressors, whereas the repressive EAR domain is dispensable and the acidic domain seems only to be required for female fertility. In contrast to the WUS clade, members of the ancient WOX13 and the WOX9 clades cannot support stem cell maintenance. Although the homeodomains are interchangeable between WUS and WOX9 clade members, a WUS- compatible homeodomain together with canonical WUS-box is not sufficient for stem cell maintenance. Our results suggest that WOX function in shoot and floral meristems of Arabidopsis is restricted to the modern WUS clade, suggesting that stem cell control is a derived function. Yet undiscovered functional domains in addition to the homeodomain and the WUS-box are necessary for this function.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana shoot meristem stem cells WOX genes WUSCHEl

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俄罗斯北堪察加Evevpenta金矿床玄武岩矿物次生蚀变特征及其成矿指示作用

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地学前缘 2023年第5期30卷 450-468页

作者： Anastasiya SERGEEVA Pavel ZHEGUNOV elena SKIlSKAIA Mariya NAZAROVA elena KARTASHEVA Anna KUZMINA Svetlana MOSKAlEVA Olesya ZOBENKO Sharapat KUDAEVA Ekaterina PlUTAKHINA Kseniya SHISHKANOVA Institute of Volcanology and Seismology Far Eastern BranchRussian Academy of SciencesPiip Boulevard9Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683006Russia

俄罗斯北堪察加地区Evevpenta金矿床玄武岩主岩青磐岩化蚀变的矿物学组成,是以英安岩中的石英、冰长石-石英、石英-碳酸岩岩脉和热液角砾岩组成的脉系为特征。脉状矿物是天然金、碲化物、硫化物、硒化物和金-银氯化物。青磐岩化蚀变发... 详细信息

俄罗斯北堪察加地区Evevpenta金矿床玄武岩主岩青磐岩化蚀变的矿物学组成,是以英安岩中的石英、冰长石-石英、石英-碳酸岩岩脉和热液角砾岩组成的脉系为特征。脉状矿物是天然金、碲化物、硫化物、硒化物和金-银氯化物。青磐岩化蚀变发生在距浅成热液脉较远的地方。然而,它的特征矿物组合对重建成矿环境有重要研究意义。在青磐岩化带内可识别出氟磷灰石-氟铝钛矿、石英-方解石-斜绿泥石、石英-方解石-硬石-蒙脱石、方解石-丝光沸石4种不同的热液蚀变组合。最早的矿物组合形成于酸性富F的热液中。热液流体中氟化物浓度为0.2~1.2 g/l,流体温度约550℃。酸性热液与橄榄玄武岩寄主岩石长期相互作用,导致pH升高至接近中性并发生绿泥石化作用。绿泥石化阶段热液富集Fe和Mg,温度约175~210℃时形成第1阶段绿泥石,120~140℃时形成第2阶段绿泥石。蚀变的最后阶段形成沸石群矿物,其在pH约为9、温度>135℃的热液中析出。热液流体的高pH值可能是由于碳酸氢盐和碳酸盐的存在以及溶液中铁盐的去除。根据青磐岩化带蚀变矿物组合特征,探讨了Evevpenta脉系形成的物理化学条件。在热液体系形成阶段,随着碱性氯化钠溶液的循环,贵金属Cl~-和OH~-络合物的形成导致了矿石元素的运移。高pH溶液也能转移硫。

关键词：矿物学金丝光沸石斜绿泥石青磐岩化蚀变 Evevpenta 堪察加

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