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Austrian syndrome:Resurgence of an old and deadly triad

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 261-264页

作者： Kristian rivera Dolors Viles Marta Zielonka Carlos Izurieta Tania Ramírez Martínez Diego Menéndez Department of Cardiology University Hospital Arnau de VilanovaInstitut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida(IRBLleida)LleidaSpain

Introduction The Gram-positive bacterium,streptococcus pneumoniae(***),often colonizes the nasopharynx;however,it is one of the major microorganisms that cause pneumonia and meningitis.[[1],[2],[3]]It presents several virulence factors,such as surface proteins and enzymes,pneumolysin toxin,and a polysaccharide capsule,which is mainly responsible for the immune response;the capsule also facilitates classification of the bacterium into several serotypes.[1,2]In vulnerable individuals,the bacterium may lead to the development of invasive pneumococcal disease(IPD),which is defined as an infection of normally sterile locations.

关键词： capsule sterile infection

PBX/Knotted 1 homeobox-2(PKNOX2)is a novel regulator of myocardial fibrosis

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2231-2249页

作者： Liang Chen Haotong Li Xiaorui Liu Ningning Zhang Kui Wang Anteng shi Hang Gao Deniz Akdis Ardan Msaguner Xinjie Xu elena Osto Willem Van de Veen Guangyu Li Antoni Bayés-Genís Firat Duru Jiangping song Xiangjie Li shengshou Hu state Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP.R.China school of statistics and Data science Nankai UniversityTianjinChina Department of Cardiology University Heart CenterUniversity Hospital Zurich and University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Institute for Clinical Chemistry University Hospital Zurich and University of ZürichZurichSwitzerland swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research(sIAF) University of ZurichDavosSwitzerland Heart Institute Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i PujolBadalonaCIBERCVSpain

Much effort has been made to uncover the cellular heterogeneities of human hearts by single-nucleus RNA ***,the cardiac transcriptional regulation networks have not been systematically described because of the limitations in detecting transcription *** this study,we optimized a pipeline for isolating nuclei and conducting single-nucleus RNA sequencing targeted to detect a higher number of cell signal genes and an optimal number of transcription *** this unbiased protocol,we characterized the cellular composition of healthy human hearts and investigated the transcriptional regulation networks involved in determining the cellular identities and functions of the main cardiac cell *** in fibroblasts,a novel regulator,PKNOX2,was identified as being associated with physiological fibroblast activation in healthy *** validate the roles of these transcription factors in maintaining homeostasis,we used single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis of transplanted failing hearts focusing on fibroblast *** trajectory analysis suggested that PKNOX2 was abnormally decreased from fibroblast activation to pathological myofibroblast *** gain-and loss-of-function in vitro experiments demonstrated the inhibitory role of PKNOX2 in pathological fibrosis ***,fibroblast-specific overexpression and knockout of PKNOX2 in a heart failure mouse model induced by transverse aortic constriction surgery significantly improved and aggravated myocardial fibrosis,*** summary,this study established a high-quality pipeline for single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis of heart *** this optimized protocol,we described the transcriptional regulation networks of the main cardiac cell subtypes and identified PKNOX2 as a novel regulator in suppressing fibrosis and a potential therapeutic target for future translational studies.

关键词： NOX2 homeostasis fibrosis

Current and further trajectories in designing functional materials for solid oxide electrochemical cells:A review of other reviews

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 302-331页

作者： stanislav Baratov elena Filonova Anastasiya Ivanova Muhammad Bilal Hanif Muneeb Irshad Muhammad Zubair Khan Martin Motola sajid Rauf Dmitry Medvedev Hydrogen Energy Laboratory Ural Federal University620002 EkaterinburgRussia Institute of Natural sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal University620002 EkaterinburgRussia Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University BratislavaIlkovicova 6Mlynska Dolina84215 BratislavaSlovakia state Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049ShaanxiChina Department of Physics University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore 54890Pakistan Pak-Austria Fachhochschule:Institute of Applied sciences and Technology Mang Haripur 22621Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518000GuangdongChina Laboratory of Electrochemical Devices Based on solid Oxide Proton Electrolytes Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry620066 EkaterinburgRussia

Complex oxides are an important class of materials with enormous potential for electrochemical *** on their composition and structure,such complex oxides can exhibit either a single conductivity(oxygen-ionic or protonic,or n-type,or p-type electronic)or a combination thereof gener-ating distinct dual-conducting or even triple-conducting *** properties enable their use as diverse functional materials for solid oxide fuel cells,solid oxide electrolysis cells,permeable membranes,and gas *** literature review shows that the field of solid oxide materials and related electro-chemical cells has a significant level of research engagement,with over 8,000 publications published since *** manual analysis of such a large volume of material is ***,by examining the review articles,it is possible to identify key patterns,recent achievements,prospects,and remaining *** perform such an analysis,the present article provides,for the first time,a comprehensive summary of previous review publications that have been published since 2020,with a special focus on solid oxide materials and electrochemical ***,this study provides an important reference for researchers specializing in the fields of solid state ionics,high-temperature electrochemistry,and energyconversiontechnologies.

关键词： sOFCs sOECs PCFCs Electrochemistry Energy conversion Hydrogen energy,Carbon neutrality

spatiotemporal oxygen dynamics in young leaves reveal cyclic hypoxia in plants

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Molecular Plant 2024年第3期17卷 377-394页

作者： Paolo M.Triozzi Luca Brunello Giacomo Novi Gianmarco Ferri Francesco Cardarelli elena Loreti Mariano Perales Pierdomenico Perata PlantLab Center of Plant SciencesSant'Anna School of Advanced Studies56010 PisaItaly Centro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de Plantas Universidad Politecnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA-CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcon28223 MadridSpain Fondazione Pisana per la scienza 56017 PisaItaly Laboratorio NEsT Scuola Normale SuperioreIstituto Nanoscienze-CNRPiazza S.Silvestro1256127 PisaItaly institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology National Research Council56124 PisaItaly Departamento de Biotecnologia-Biologia Vegetal Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria AgronomicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid(UPM)28040 Madrid.Spain

Oxygen is essential for plant growth and *** occurs in plants due to limited oxygen avail-abilityfollowing adverse environmental conditions as well inhypoxic niches in otherwisenormoxic ***,the existence and functional integration of spatiotemporal oxygen dynamics with plant development remains *** animal systems dynamic fluctuations in oxygen availability are known as cyclic *** this study,we demonstrate that cyclic fluctuations in internal oxygen levels occur in young emerging leaves of Arabidopsis *** hypoxia in plants is based on a mechanism requiring the ETHYLENE REsPONsE FACTORs type VII(ERFVII)that are central components of the oxygen-sensing machinery in *** ERFVll-dependent mechanism allows precise adjustment of leaf growth in response to carbon status and oxygen availability within plant *** study thus establishes a functional connection between internal spatiotemporal oxygen dynamics and developmental processes of plants.

关键词： Arabidopsis hypoxia cyclic hypoxia leaf development oxygen-sensing mechanism ERFVII

Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors in primary central nervous system lymphoma:New hopes on the horizon

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第5期15卷 587-590页

作者： Leonardo s Lino-silva sabrina B Martínez-Villavicencio Luisa Fernanda rivera-Moncada Department of Pathology Oncology National Cancer Institute(Mexico)TlalpanMexico City 14080Mexico

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Wang et *** manuscript explores the potential synergistic effects of combining zanubrutinib,a novel oral inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase,with high-dose methotrexate(HD-MTX)as a therapeutic intervention for primary central nervous system lymphoma(PCNsL).The study involves a retrospective analysis of 19 PCNsL patients,highlighting clinicopathological characteristics,treatment outcomes,and genomic *** results indicate the combination’s good tolerance and strong antitumor activity,with an 84.2%overall response *** authors emphasize the potential of zanubrutinib to modulate key genomic features of PCNsL,particularly mutations in myeloid differentiation primary response 88 and cluster of differentiation ***,the study investigates the role of circulating tumor DNA in cerebrospinal fluid for disease surveillance and treatment response *** essence,the study provides valuable insights into the potential of combining zanubrutinib with HD-MTX as a frontline therapeutic regimen for *** findings underscore the importance of exploring alternative treatment modalities and monitoring genomic and liquid biopsy markers to optimize patient *** the findings suggest promise,the study’s limitations should be considered,and further research is needed to establish the clinical relevance of this therapeutic approach for PCNsL.

关键词： Primary central nervous system lymphoma Zanubrutinib Bruton’s tyrosine kinase Prognosis Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 gene Cluster of differentiation 79B gene

Validity of self-reported male sexual function scales in a young Chinese population:a comparative study with clinician-assisted evaluation

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 321-327页

作者： Hui Zhang elena Colonnello Erika Limoncin Tommaso B Jannini Xu-Chong Tu Andrea sansone Emmanuele A Jannini Yan Zhang Department of Infertility and sexual Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Chair of Endocrinology and Medicalsexology(ENDOsEX) Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome 00133Italy Department of Urology First Affiliated Hospital ofGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510000China section of Medical Pathophysiology Food Science and EndocrinologySapienza University of RomeRome 00133Italy school of Psychiatry Department of Systems MedicineUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome 00133Italy

Psychometric scales,commonly used to gauge sexual function,can sometimes be influenced by response *** our researchfrom June 2020 to April 2021,we examined the accuracy of self-reported sexual function *** invited patients from theDepartment of Infertility and sexual Medicine at the Third Affiliated Hospital of sun Yat-sen University(Guangzhou,China),whohave male sexual dysfunction,to participate by filling out a self-reported version of a specific *** addition,they wentthrough a clinician-assisted version of this questionnaire,encompassing tools such as the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool(PEDT),the 6-item International Index of Erectile Function(IIEF-6),the Erection Hardness scale(EHs),and the MasturbationErection Index(MEI).Using the clinician-assisted version as a reference,we categorized patients and applied various statisticalmethods,such as the Chi-square test,intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC),logistic regression,and the Bland–Altman plot,to gauge *** our study with 322 participants,we found that while there were no notable discrepancies in error ratesbased on our categorization,certain scales showed significant differences in terms of overestimation and underestimation,withthe exception of the *** positive diagnosis rate consistency between the self-reported and clinician-assisted versions *** ICC values between the two versions across the scales were indicative of remarkable *** findings showthat the self-reported versions of tools such as EHs,IIEF-6,MEI,and PEDT are credible and hold clinical ***,employing a dual-diagnosis approach might be more prudent to circumvent potential misdiagnoses.

关键词： psychometry scale sexual function sexual health

Role of lipids in the control of autophagy and primary cilium signaling in neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 264-271页

作者： María Paz Hernández-Cáceres Daniela Pinto-Nuñez Patricia rivera Paulina Burgos Francisco Díaz-Castro Alfredo Criollo Maria Jose Yañez Eugenia Morselli Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas(ICOD) Facultad de OdontologíaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Department of Basic sciences Faculty of Medicine and ScienceUniversidad San SebastiánSantiagoChile Physiology Department Faculty of Biological SciencesPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDis) Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas&Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Autophagy Research Center SantiagoChile

The brain is,after the adipose tissue,the organ with the greatest amount of lipids and diversity in their composition in the human *** neurons,lipids are involved in signaling pathways controlling autophagy,a lysosome-dependent catabolic process essential for the maintenance of neuronal homeostasis and the function of the primary cilium,a cellular antenna that acts as a communication hub that transfers extracellular signals into intracellular responses required for neurogenesis and brain development.A crosstalk between primary cilia and autophagy has been established;however,its role in the control of neuronal activity and homeostasis is barely *** this review,we briefly discuss the current knowledge regarding the role of autophagy and the primary cilium in *** we review the recent literature about specific lipid subclasses in the regulation of autophagy,in the control of primary cilium structure and its dependent cellular signaling in physiological and pathological conditions,specifically focusing on neurons,an area of research that could have major implications in neurodevelopment,energy homeostasis,and neurodegeneration.

关键词： autophagic flux cholesterol fatty acids GPCR lysosomal storage diseases neurons NPC1 phosphoinositides primary cilium

shear-wave elastography to predict hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatitis C virus eradication:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1450-1460页

作者： Giorgio Esposto Paolo santini Linda Galasso Irene Mignini Maria elena Ainora Antonio Gasbarrini Maria Assunta Zocco CEMAD Digestive Disease Center Fondazione Policlinico Universitario“A.Gemelli”IRCCSCatholic University of RomeRome 00168Italy Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCs Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS-UniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia CEMAD Digestive Disease CenterUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreFondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy

BACKGROUND Direct-acting antiviral agents(DAAs)are highly effective treatment for chronic hepatitis C(CHC)with a significant rate of sustained virologic response(sVR).The achievement of sVR is crucial to prevent additional liver damage and slow down fibrosis *** assessment of fibrosis degree can be performed with transient elastography,magnetic resonance elastography or shear-wave elastography(sWE).Liver elastography could function as a predictor for hepato-cellular carcinoma(HCC)in CHC patients treated with *** To explore the predictive value of sWE for HCC development after complete clearance of hepatitis C virus(HCV).METHODs A comprehensive literature search of clinical studies was performed to identify the ability of sWE to predict HCC occurrence after HCV *** accordance with the study protocol,a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the evidence was *** At baseline and after 12 wk of follow-up,a trend was shown towards greater liver stiffness(Ls)in those who go on to develop HCC compared to those who do not[baseline Ls standardized mean difference(sMD):1.15,95%confidence interval(95%CI):020-2.50;Ls sMD after 12 wk:0.83,95%CI:0.33-1.98].The absence of a statistically significant difference between the mean Ls in those who developed HCC or not may be related to the inability to correct for confounding factors and the absence of raw source *** was a statist-ically significant Ls sMD at 24 wk of follow-up between patients who developed HCC vs not(0.64;95%CI:0.04-1.24).CONCLUsION sWE could be a promising tool for prediction of HCC occurrence in patients treated with *** studies with larger cohorts and standardized timing of elastographic evaluation are needed to confirm these data.

关键词： shear-wave elastography Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis C virus sustained virologic response

Influence of railway wheel tread damage on wheel-rail impact loads and the durability of wheelsets

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Railway Engineering science 2024年第1期32卷 20-35页

作者： Michele Maglio Tore Vernersson Jens C.O.Nielsen Anders Ekberg elena Kabo CHARMEC Department of Mechanical and Maritime SciencesChalmers University of TechnologySE‑41296 GothenburgSweden

Dynamic wheel-rail contact forces induced by a severe form of wheel tread damage have been measured by a wheel impact load detector during full-scale field tests at different vehicle *** on laser scanning,the measured three-dimensional damage geometry is employed in simulations of dynamic vehicle-track interaction to calibrate and verify a simulation *** relation between the magnitude of the impact load and various operational parameters,such as vehicle speed,lateral position of wheel-rail contact,track stiffness and position of impact within a sleeper bay,is *** calibrated model is later employed in simulations featuring other forms of tread damage;their effects on impact load and subsequent fatigue impact on bearings,wheel webs and subsurface initiated rolling contact fatigue of the wheel tread are *** results quantify the effects of wheel tread defects and are valuable in a shift towards condition-based maintenance of running gear,and for general assessment of the severity of different types of railway wheel tread damage.

关键词： Wheel tread damage Rolling contact fatigue cluster Field measurements Dynamic vehicle-track interaction Wheel-rail impact load Wheelset durability